Cited by 30Graphene and Nanomaterials ApplicationsBone Tissue Engineering MaterialsTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Functionalization of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Can Reduce Their Cytotoxicity to Dental Pulp Stem Cells

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Gholami, Ahmad, Emadi, Fatemeh, Amini, Abbas, Shokripour, Mansoureh, Chashmpoosh, Mostafa, Omidifar, Navid·2020·Journal of Nanomaterials

Abstract

Background. The dental pulp is a heterogeneous soft tissue that supplies nutrients and acts as a biosensor to identify pathogenic stimuli. Regeneration of the dental pulp is one of the desirable topics for researchers. Graphene oxide nanosheets (nGOs) help overexpression of the genes related to odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from dental pulps and increases attachment and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Despite its benefits, nGO may be considered as a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility potential of graphene oxide (nGO), chitosan functionalized graphene oxide (nGO-CS), and carboxylated graphene (nGO-COOH) when exposed to human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Material and Methods. Some different aspects of biocompatibility of nGO, nGO-CS, and nGO-COOH were synthesized, and several intracellular effects induced by different concentrations of graphene-based nanosheets, including cell viability, intracellular oxidative damages, and various factors such as LDH, GSH, SOD, MDA, and MMP, were studied on hDPSCs. Results. According to results, IC 50 was determined as 232.01, 467.81, and ≥1000 μ g/mL for nGO, nGO-CS, and nGO-COOH, respectively. These results demonstrated the lower toxicity and higher cytocompatibility of nGO-CS and nGO-COOH compared to nGO. nGO-COOH not only has any adverse effect on the cell membrane and mitochondrial activity but also shows slight antioxidant activity at some concentrations. Conclusion. The findings help design safe and cytocompatible nGO derivatives for biomedical applications in dental fields.

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. F. Emadi, A. Amini, Y. Ghasemi, and A. Gholami, "Graphene: recent advances in engineering, medical and biological sciences, and future prospective," Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 131-138, 2018.
  2. E. Bidram, A. Sulistio, A. Amini et al., "Fractionation of gra- phene oxide single nanosheets in water-glycerol solutions using gradient centrifugation," Carbon, vol. 103, pp. 363-371, 2016.
  3. L. Feng, S. Zhang, and Z. Liu, "Graphene based gene transfec- tion," Nanoscale, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1252-1257, 2011.
  4. S. Shi, F. Chen, E. B. Ehlerding, and W. Cai, "Surface engineer- ing of graphene-based nanomaterials for biomedical applica- tions," Bioconjugate Chemistry, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1609-1619, 2014. 14 Journal of Nanomaterials

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Authors
Gholami, A., Emadi, F., Amini, A., Shokripour, M., Chashmpoosh, M., & Omidifar, N.
Affiliations
  • Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • University of South Australia (AU)
  • Western Sydney University (AU)
Corresponding author
Omidifar, Navid
Venue
Journal of Nanomaterials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-08-03
Volume
2020
Pages
1-14
ISSN
  • 1687-4110 (ISSN-L)
  • 1687-4129
OpenAlex
W3047257132
Cited by
30
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4
FWCI
1.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Nanomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Graphene and Nanomaterials Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords
graphene oxide nanosheets, dental pulp stem cells, cytotoxicity, chitosan functionalization, carboxylated graphene, biocompatibility, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell viability, dental pulp regeneration, nanomaterial functionalization

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