The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distribution of GPR30, a Seven Membrane–Spanning Estrogen Receptor, in Primary Breast Cancer and its Association with Clinicopathologic Determinants of Tumor Progression
Abstract
Purpose: The seven transmembrane receptor, GPR30, is linked to estrogen binding and heparan-bound epidermal growth factor release. Here, the significance of GPR30 in human breast cancer was evaluated by comparing its relationship to steroid hormone receptor expression and tumor progression variables. Experimental Design: Immunohistochemical analysis of a National Cancer Institute–sponsored tumor collection comprised of 361 breast carcinomas obtained at first diagnosis (321 invasive and 40 intraductal tumors). Biopsies from 12 reduction mammoplasties served as controls. The distribution pattern of GPR30, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) was correlated with clinicopathologic variables obtained at diagnosis. Results: GPR30, ER, and PR were positive in all 12 normal controls. In contrast, GPR30 expression varied in breast tumors, in which 62% (199 of 321) of invasive tumors and 42% (17 of 40) of intraductal tumors were positive. Codistribution of ER and GPR30 was measured in 43% (139 of 321) of invasive breast tumors, whereas both receptors were lacking (ER−GPR30−) in 19% (61 of 321) of the tumors analyzed, indicating a significant association between ER and GPR30 (P < 0.05). The coexpression of PR and ER did not influence GPR30 expression, yet coexpression of GPR30 and ER was linked to PR positivity. Unlike ER, which varied inversely with HER-2/neu and tumor size, GPR30 positively associated with HER-2/neu and tumor size. In addition, GPR30 showed a positive association with metastasis (P = 0.014; odds ratio, 1.9). Conclusions: GPR30 and ER exhibited distinct patterns of association with breast tumor progression variables, including HER-2/neu, tumor size, and metastatic disease. Thus, these results support the hypothesis that GPR30 and ER have an independent influence on estrogen responsiveness in breast carcinoma.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A transmembrane intracellular estrogen receptor mediates rapid cell signaling
Revankar, C. M., Cimino, D. F., Sklar, L. A., Arterburn, J. B., & Prossnitz, E. R. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1106943 · Cited by 2,302
Activation of the estrogen receptor through phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase
Kato, S., Endoh, H., Masuhiro, Y., Kitamoto, T., Uchiyama, S., Sasaki, H., Masushige, S., Gotoh, Y., Nishida, E., Kawashima, H., et al. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.270.5241.1491 · Cited by 1,964
Identity of an Estrogen Membrane Receptor Coupled to a G Protein in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Thomas, P., Pang, Y., Filardo, E. J., & Dong, J. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1064 · Cited by 1,407
Self-citationFilardo, E. J. (2000) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.14.10.1649 · Cited by 1,383
Self-citationPrognostic Factors in Breast Cancer: College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999
Fitzgibbons, P. L., Page, D. L., Weaver, D., Thor, A. D., Allred, D. C., Clark, G. M., Ruby, S. G., O'Malley, F., Simpson, J. F., Connolly, J. L., et al. (2000) · Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.5858/2000-124-0966-pfibc · Cited by 1,016
Tyrosine kinase/p21ras/MAP-kinase pathway activation by estradiol-receptor complex in MCF-7 cells.
Migliaccio, A., Di Domenico, M., Castoria, G., de Falco, A., Bontempo, P., Nola, E., & Auricchio, F. (1996) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00471.x · Cited by 959
Filardo, E. J., Quinn, J. A., Frackelton, A. R., & Bland, K. I. (2002) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.16.1.70 · Cited by 904
Self-citationAronica, S. M., Kraus, W. L., & Katzenellenbogen, B. S. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8517 · Cited by 670
Konecny, G., Pauletti, G., Pegram, M., Untch, M., Dandekar, S., Aguilar, Z., Wilson, C., Rong, H.-M., Bauerfeind, I., Felber, M., et al. (2003) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/95.2.142 · Cited by 588
Cited by
The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER in health and disease
Prossnitz, E. R., & Barton, M. (2011) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2011.122 · Cited by 925
“GPER protein is expressed in ∼50% of all breast cancers ( Figure 3 ), regardless of their ER status”
BackgroundPotential Mechanisms of Bisphenol A (BPA) Contributing to Human Disease
Cimmino, I., Fiory, F., Perruolo, G., Miele, C., Beguinot, F., Formisano, P., & Oriente, F. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21165761 · Cited by 478
Filardo, E. J., & Thomas, P. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1061 · Cited by 366
Self-citationThe unfolding stories of GPR30, a new membrane-bound estrogen receptor
Maggiolini, M., & Picard, D. (2010) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe-09-0242 · Cited by 360
Mechanisms of estrogen signaling and gene expression via GPR30
Prossnitz, E. R., & Maggiolini, M. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.03.026 · Cited by 346
Metadata
- Authors
- Filardo, E. J., Graeber, C. T., Quinn, J. A., Resnick, M. B., Giri, D., DeLellis, R. A., Steinhoff, M. M., & Sabo, E.
- Venue
- Clinical Cancer Research
- Published
- 2006-11-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 6359-6366
- ISSN
- 1078-0432 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-3265
- OpenAlex
- W2160270310
- Cited by
- 361
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 7.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Distribution of GPR30, a Seven Membrane–Spanning Estrogen Receptor, in Primary Breast Cancer and its Association with Clinicopathologic Determinants of Tumor Progression. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0860
- The paper
- Filardo, E. J., Graeber, C. T., Quinn, J. A., Resnick, M. B., Giri, D., DeLellis, R. A., Steinhoff, M. M., & Sabo, E. (2006). Distribution of GPR30, a Seven Membrane–Spanning Estrogen Receptor, in Primary Breast Cancer and its Association with Clinicopathologic Determinants of Tumor Progression. Clinical Cancer Research. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-0860
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
