The Glutaminase Inhibitor CB-839 (Telaglenastat) Enhances the Antimelanoma Activity of T-Cell–Mediated Immunotherapies
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Abstract
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies have profoundly improved the survival of patients with melanoma. However, a majority of patients do not respond to these agents, and many responders experience disease relapse. Although numerous innovative treatments are being explored to offset the limitations of these agents, novel therapeutic combinations with immunotherapies have the potential to improve patient responses. In this study, we evaluated the antimelanoma activity of immunotherapy combinations with Telaglenastat (CB-839), a potent glutaminase inhibitor (GLSi) that has favorable systemic tolerance. In in vitro TIL:tumor coculture studies, CB-839 treatment improved the cytotoxic activity of autologous TILs on patient-derived melanoma cells. CB-839 treatment decreased the conversion of glutamine to alpha-ketoglutarate (αKGA) more potently in tumor cells versus TILs in these cocultures. These results suggest that CB-839 may improve immune function in a tumor microenvironment by differentially altering tumor and immune cell metabolism. In vivo CB-839 treatment activated melanoma antigen–specific T cells and improved their tumor killing activity in an immune-competent mouse model of adoptive T-cell therapy. Additionally, the combination of CB-839 with anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies increased tumor infiltration by effector T cells and improved the antitumor activity of these checkpoint inhibitors in a high mutation burden mouse melanoma model. Responsiveness to these treatments was also accompanied by an increase of interferon gamma (IFNγ)–associated gene expression in the tumors. Together, these results provide a strong rationale for combining CB-839 with immune therapies to improve efficacy of these treatments against melanoma.
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Other metabolic modulators such as glutaminase inhibitor also had a synergistic effect with α-PD-1/PD-L1 in murine tumor models.
“Besides, other metabolic modulators such as glutaminase inhibitor also had a synergistic effect with α-PD-1/PD-L1 in murine tumor models [338].”
From Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions (2022) · cites this paper as [338]
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“Due to the indispensable role of glutamine in supporting the effector functions of immune cells, blocking its catabolism by CB-839 enhances anti-tumor immunity and improves the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy 10 .”
Immunometabolism: crosstalk with tumor metabolism and implications for cancer immunotherapy
Zhang, H., Fan, J., Kong, D., Sun, Y., Zhang, Q., Xiang, R., Lu, S., Yang, W., Feng, L., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-025-02460-1 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Preclinical studies have further revealed that glutaminase inhibitor CB-839 enhances the cytotoxic function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes against cancer cells in vitro [101].”
Metabolites as agents and targets for cancer immunotherapy
Trefny, M. P., Kroemer, G., Zitvogel, L., & Kobold, S. (2025) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-025-01227-z · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“CB-839 improved antitumour immunity in co-cultures and immunocompetent melanoma models when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors 65 .”
Moldovan, O.-L., Rusu, A., Tanase, C., & Vari, C.-E. (2021) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2021.112290 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Metabolic Reprogramming in Gastric Cancer: Trojan Horse Effect
Bin, Y., Hu, H., Tian, F., Wen, Z., Yang, M., Wu, B.-H., Wang, L., Yao, J., & Li, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.745209 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Fan, Y., Xue, H., Li, Z., Huo, M., Gao, H., & Guan, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1345522 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation in the Current Landscape of Anticancer Therapies
Li, J., Justin, L. Y. S., Eu, J. Q., Chan, A. K. M. H., Goh, B. C., Wang, L., & Wong, A. L. (2024) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2023.0445 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Preclinical studies of CB-839 in combination with radiotherapy showed improved treatment response in xenograft models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Wicker et al., 2021), and enhanced the antimelanoma activity of autologous TILs and adoptive T cell transfer (Varghese et al., 2021).”
Targeting Energy Metabolism in Cancer Treatment
Kubik, J., Humeniuk, E., Adamczuk, G., Madej, B., & Korga-Plewko, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23105572 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Raninga, P. V., He, Y., Datta, K. K., Lu, X. M., Maheshwari, U. R., Venkat, P., Mayoh, C., Gowda, H., Kalimutho, M., Hooper, J. D., et al. (2022) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.12.011 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“24,58,59 The reason underlying the different sensitivity of MYC-high and MYC-low to aurano fi n and to the aurano fi n/CB-839 combination could be multifactorial.”
BackgroundRole of Tumor Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer Immunometabolism
Wang, Y., Chen, Y., & Wang, J. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15060826 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Oncogenic KRAS triggers metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Shen, X., Niu, N., & Xue, J. (2022) · Journal of Translational Internal Medicine · doi:10.2478/jtim-2022-0022 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“[96, 97] 98-101] The novel insights into the metabolic alterations associated with KRAS mutations provide exciting possibilities for targeting these poor-prognosis cancers.”
BackgroundNajem, A., Soumoy, L., Sabbah, M., Krayem, M., Awada, A. H., Journé, F., & Ghanem, G. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11071157 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
KEAP1 promotes anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting PD-L1 expression in NSCLC
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“All cells were cultured at 37°C with 5% CO 2 in a humidi fi ed incubator.”
MethodMilano, S. K., Huang, Q., Nguyen, T. T., Ramachandran, S., Finke, A. D., Kriksunov, I. A., Schuller, D. J., Szebenyi, D. M. E., Arenholz, E., McDermott, L. A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101535 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment to enhance immunotherapy
Lim, S. A. (2024) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2024-0031 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“…is potent oral inhibitor of GLS has demonstrated favorable PK, PDs and safety in early clinical study and combination with ICI (anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies) increased effector T cells accumulation and improved the antitumor activity of these checkpoint inhibitors in mouse melanoma model (67).”
BackgroundTargeting amino acid-metabolizing enzymes for cancer immunotherapy
Grobben, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1440269 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
García‐Cañaveras, J. C., & Lahoz, A. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13133230 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“The combination of glutamine catabolism with adoptive T-cell transfer or anti-PD1 treatment is superior than any the treatments alone [59,65].”
BackgroundTargeting metabolic pathways to counter cancer immunotherapy resistance
Agarwala, Y., Brauns, T. A., Sluder, A. E., Poznansky, M. C., & Gemechu, Y. (2024) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2024.05.006 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Potent molecular-targeted therapies for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
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“In melanoma research, combination therapy with CB-839 and immunotherapy demonstrates synergistic effects: it enhances antitumor efficacy by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, activating melanoma-specific T cells, and potentiating the tumor-killing capacity of adoptive T cell therapy [34].”
Differential Effects of Glutamine Inhibition Strategies on Antitumor CD8 T Cells
Madden, M. Z., Ye, X., Chi, C., Fisher, E. L., Wolf, M. M., Needle, G. A., Bader, J. E., Patterson, A. R., Reinfeld, B. I., Landis, M. D., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200715 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
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“In addition to the effects on tumor cells, CB-839 may improve immune function in a tumor microenvironment by enhancing the anti-tumor activity of both autologous T-cell therapies and checkpoint inhibitor therapies in a mouse melanoma model [57].”
BackgroundPark, M., Jin, J., An, D. Y., Kim, D.-H., Lee, J., Yun, J. W., Hwang, I., Park, J. S., Kim, M. K., Lee, Y. M., et al. (2024) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-3933 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Immunometabolism: A ‘Hot’ Switch for ‘Cold’ Pediatric Solid Tumors
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Bandi, D. S. R., Sarvesh, S., Farran, B., Nagaraju, G. P., & El‐Rayes, B. F. (2023) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.06.006 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Metabolic Reprogramming of Cancer Cells and Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Metabolism
Punnasseril, J. M. J., Auwal, A., Gopalan, V., Lam, A. K.-Y., & Islam, F. (2025) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.71244 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Trained Immunity Induced by Oxidized Low‐Density Lipoprotein Is Dependent on Glutaminolysis
Scarpa, A., Jung, Y., Hamid, A., Matzaraki, V., More, T. H., Heinz, A., Groh, L. A., Bekkering, S., Hiller, K., Joosten, L. A. B., et al. (2025) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202500802r · Cited by 23 · see citing works
de Groot, E., Varghese, S., Tan, L., Knighton, B. G., Sobieski, M. M., Nguyen, N. H., Park, Y. S., Powell, R. T., Lorenzi, P. L., Zheng, B., et al. (2022) · Cancer & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s40170-022-00281-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“[U-(13)C]-glucose and [U-(13)C]-glutamine tracing analyses were performed at the MDACC Metabolomics Core Facility as described before [7].”
MethodSelf-citationTiersma, J. F., Evers, B., Bakker, B. M., Jalving, M., & de Jong, S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073745 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“In murine melanoma models, CB-839 and diclofenac improved response to immunotherapy [26,44].”
BackgroundRegulation of intrinsic and extrinsic metabolic pathways in tumour‐associated macrophages
Davuluri, G. V. N., & Chan, C. (2022) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16465 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Nguyen, T. T., Katt, W. P., & Cerione, R. A. (2022) · Future Drug Discovery · doi:10.4155/fdd-2022-0011 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“In fact, inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis shows synergistic effects when combined with inhibitors of glutamine metabolism in restoring the immune response by T cells on patient-derived melanoma, as well as in a colon carcinoma model, and in clear cell ovarian carcinoma [3,97,98].”
BackgroundZhao, X., Li, K., Chen, M., & Liu, L. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114601 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Reprogramming T-Cell Metabolism for Better Anti-Tumor Immunity
Ping, Y., Shen, C., Huang, B., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11193103 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Experiments in mouse tumor models have shown that CB-839 treatment improves the anti-tumor efficiency of tumor antigen-specific T cells [108].”
BackgroundEffects of metabolic cancer therapy on tumor microenvironment
Hyroššová, P., Milošević, M., Škoda, J., Vachtenheim, J., Jr., Rohlena, J., & Rohlenová, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.1046630 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Unraveling the nexus: Genomic instability and metabolism in cancer
Gujar, V. V., Li, H., Paull, T. T., Neumann, C. A., & Weyemi, U. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115540 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Metabolic Regulation of CD8 + T Cells: From Mechanism to Therapy
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Potential of Neuroinflammation-Modulating Strategies in Tuberculous Meningitis: Targeting Microglia
Lu, H.-J., Guo, D., & Wei, Q.-Q. (2023) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2023.0311 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Interplay between Dysregulated Metabolism and Epigenetics in Cancer
Bassal, M. A. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13060944 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Tomar, M. S., Kumar, A., & Shrivastava, A. (2023) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149382 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Immunological Aspects of Cancer Cell Metabolism
Ucche, S., & Hayakawa, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25105288 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The combination of CB-839 with immune checkpoint blockade increased IFN-γ -associated T cell inflammatory gene expression [68].”
BackgroundTargeting glutamine metabolism crosstalk with tumor immune response
Dong, C., Zhao, Y., Han, Y., Li, M., & Wang, G. (2025) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189257 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Impact of NSCLC metabolic remodeling on immunotherapy effectiveness
Lv, L., Huang, R. H., Li, J., Xu, J., & Gao, W. (2022) · Biomarker Research · doi:10.1186/s40364-022-00412-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Glutamine metabolism and radiosensitivity: Beyond the Warburg effect
Alden, R. S., Kamran, M. Z., Bashjawish, B., & Simone, B. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.1070514 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“demonstrated that in effector T-cell populations with transient GLS deficiency, IL2 promotes Th1 phenotype and CD8 T-cell function, suggesting that inhibition of glutamine metabolism enhances an anti-tumor immune composition (24, 50).”
BackgroundInfluentialSpiga, M., Martini, E., Maffia, M. C., Ciceri, F., Ruggiero, E., Potenza, A., & Bonini, C. (2024) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-024-01011-y · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Li, D., Cao, D., Zhang, Y., Yu, X., Wu, Y., Jia, Z., Jiang, J., & Cao, X. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-84916-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zhu, J., Shen, K., Su, Q., Yao, G., & Chen, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2025.1662464 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Oxidative Stress in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives
Wang, Z., Li, B., Tang, P., Yan, F., Wang, S., Leng, G., Dawa, P., Chen, Y., Guo, Y., Yang, P., et al. (2026) · MedComm – Oncology · doi:10.1002/mog2.70068 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Review to Understand the Crosstalk between Immunotherapy and Tumor Metabolism
Pandey, P., Khan, F., Upadhyay, T. K., & Maqsood, R. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28020862 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Finally, CB-839 increases the infiltration of effector T cells in tumors and amplifies the anti-tumor effects of these checkpoint inhibitors in mice melanoma models with high mutation burden tumors [84].”
BackgroundZhang, H., Xu, W., Zhu, H., Chen, X., & Tsai, H. (2024) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.92502 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Preclinical studies using murine melanoma models, anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 with glutaminase inhibitors, and other metabolic modulators have demonstrated that modulating the metabolism can increase the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 therapy[181].”
BackgroundYang, R., Guo, Z., Zhao, Y., Ma, L., Li, B., & Yang, C. (2021) · Cell Death Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41420-021-00590-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Choi, S. Y. C., Ribeiro, C. F., Wang, Y. Z., Loda, M. F., Plymate, S. R., & Uo, T. (2022) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom12111590 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Metabolism in the tumor microenvironment: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics
Wik, J. A., Berge, E. R., Stromsnes, K., & Skålhegg, B. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1610255 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Kang, H. W., Kim, J. H., Jeong, J. W., Fang, S., Yun, W., Hye-Sol, J. U. N. G., Kwon, W., Jang, J. S., Kim, H. J., & Park, J. S. (2025) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-025-01596-w · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Targeting SLC6A14, either alone or in combination with glutamine metabolism inhibitors and ICB therapy, may offer a promising strategy to improve treatment outcomes in glutamine-dependent pancreatic cancer.”
InfluentialMetabolic Rewiring in Cancer: Small Molecule Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Masci, D., Puxeddu, M., Silvestri, R., & Regina, G. L. (2024) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules29092110 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Furthermore, in combination with anti-PD1 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies, it synergized their activity [154].”
BackgroundGubser, P. M., Wijesinghe, S. K. M., Heyden, L., Gabriel, S. S., Souza, D. P. D., Hess, C., McConville, M. M., Utzschneider, D. T., & Kallies, A. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114632 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Deciphering the landscape of allosteric glutaminase 1 inhibitors as anticancer agents
Vagaggini, C., D’Ursi, P., Poggialini, F., Fossa, P., Francesconi, V., Trombetti, G., Orro, A., Dreassi, E., Schenone, S., Tonelli, M., et al. (2025) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108523 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Tripathi, A., Dasgupta, D., Dahabieh, M., Griffard-Smith, R., Pant, A., Bugbee, A., Yellapu, N., Burt, E., Choi, B. H. Y., Ellis, A. E., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116177 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Enzymatic depletion of circulating glutamine is immunosuppressive in cancers
Kumar, M., Leekha, A., Nandy, S., Kulkarni, R. S., Martinez-Paniagua, M. A., Sefat, K. M. S. R., Willson, R. C., & Varadarajan, N. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109817 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“16,17,22,23 26 A fundamental question that needs to be answered is what is the integrated impact of inhibiting glutamine metabolism of both the cancer cells and the immune system?”
BackgroundAmmonia metabolism and ammonia-induced cell death: role in cancer therapy
Xu, Y., Wang, J., Wu, A., & Wang, M. (2025) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-025-02504-5 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Currently, Preclinical studies have demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity across diverse tumor models, with ongoing clinical trials (e.g., NCT02071862, NCT03428028) evaluating its safety and efficacy in renal cell carcinoma, triple-negative breast cancer, and other malignancies [83–87].”
Sung, Y., Yu, Y. C., Lee, M., Lim, S., Lee, Y., Kang, M., Kwon, D., Parajulee, A., Choi, J., Min, D. S., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-64730-2 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Song, Q., Gao, H., Sun, S., Li, Y., Wu, X., Yang, J., Wang, B., Zhang, Y., & Wang, L. (2023) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.037 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Yang, R., Cheng, S., Xiao, J., Pei, Y., Zhu, Z., Zhang, J., Feng, J., & Li, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24163 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Metabolic crossroads: unravelling immune cell dynamics in gastrointestinal cancer drug resistance
suri, C., Pande, B., Sahithi, L. S., Swarnkar, S., Khelkar, T., & Verma, H. K. (2025) · Cancer Drug Resistance · doi:10.20517/cdr.2024.164 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Landscape of Cancer Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target
Ohshima, K. (2025) · Pathology International · doi:10.1111/pin.70034 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“In melanoma, treatment with CB ‐ 839 in combination with anti ‐ programmed death 1 (anti ‐ PD1) or anti ‐ CTLA4 antibodies increased CD8 + T ‐ cell infiltration into tumors, enhancing the antitumor response [19].”
Kakish, H. H., Ahmed, F. A., Elshami, M., Loftus, A. W., Hoehn, R. S., Ammori, J. B., Ocuin, L. M., Winter, J. M., Bordeaux, J. S., Mangla, A., et al. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14215184 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Endothelial metabolic zonation in the vascular network: a spatiotemporal blueprint for angiogenesis
Dalal, K. K., Katari, V., Kondapalli, N. B., Paruchuri, S. M., & Thodeti, C. K. (2025) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00352.2025 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Tumor: From Mechanisms to Precision Immunotherapies
Zhang, T., Gao, P., & Sun, L. (2025) · MedComm – Oncology · doi:10.1002/mog2.70045 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Jin, G.-W., He, L.-H., Dong, Y., Zhang, Y.-N., Guo, H.-X., Xu, Y., Wei, Z., Dang, B.-F., Mu, C., et al. (2026) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2025-336323 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“23 Despite these advances, how mitochondrial glutamine metabolism influences PDAC liver metastasis and the molecular mechanisms governing the antitumour immune response following changes in glutamine availability in the metastatic organ remains to be elucidated.”
Metabolic Profiling to Assess Response to Targeted and Immune Therapy in Melanoma
Farah, C., Mignion, L., & Jordan, B. F. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25031725 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“For instance, one ongoing clinical trial is currently testing the combination of CB-839 (glutaminase inhibitor) with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab in melanoma patients [107,108].”
BackgroundCB-839 induces reversible dormancy in lung tumor-cells
Jamshidi‐Parsian, A., Jenkins, S. V., Tran, A., Bragg, A., Davis, R., Griffin, C., Siegel, E. R., Dings, R. P. M., Griffin, R. J., & Boysen, G. (2024) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176912 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Benito-Lopez, J. J., Marroquin-Muciño, M., Perez-Medina, M., Chavez-Dominguez, R., Aguilar‐Cázares, D., Galicia-Velasco, M., & López-González, J. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.1101503 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
A hormetic response model for glutamine stress in cancer
Grenier, S. F., & Commisso, C. (2024) · Trends in cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2024.11.008 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Macropinocytosis: Both a Target and a Tool for Cancer Therapy
Zhao, M., Zhou, L., Zhai, Y., Sun, A., Shao, G., & Lin, Q. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15070936 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“…glutaminase inhibitor (GLSi) with a favorable systemic tolerance, has been observed to significantly reduce the glutamine to α -ketoglutarate ( α -KG) conversion in tumor cells while concomitantly enhancing the activity of T cell-mediated immunotherapy in the context of combating melanoma [59].”
- Authors
- Varghese, S., Pramanik, S., Williams, L. J., Hodges, H. R., Hudgens, C. W., Fischer, G. M., Luo, C. K., Knighton, B., Tan, L., Lorenzi, P. L., Mackinnon, A. L., McQuade, J. L., Hailemichael, Y., Roszik, J., Peng, W., & Vashisht Gopal, Y. N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Calithera (United States) (US)
- University of Houston (US)
- 1Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
- Published
- 2021-03-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 500-511
- ISSN
- 1535-7163 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-8514
- PMC
- PMC7933078
- OpenAlex
- W3116829754
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 11
- FWCI
- 4.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Molecular Cancer Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Melanoma Research Alliance (348483)
- Calithera Biosciences (55350)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Keywords
- CB-839, telaglenastat, glutaminase inhibitors, melanoma, adoptive T cell therapy, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, alpha-ketoglutarate, cancer metabolism, interferon-gamma, tumor microenvironment, combination immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Animals, Glutaminase, Humans, Immunotherapy, Melanoma, T-Lymphocytes, Mice, Tumor Microenvironment
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