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Pre- and Post-Columbian Gene and Cultural Continuity: The Case of the Gaucho from Southern Brazil
Abstract
Objective To investigate the evolutionary and demographic history of the Gaucho, a distinct population of southern Brazil, relating it to their culture, to assess possible parallel continuity. Methods Six binary polymorphisms, an Alu insertion polymorphism (YAP) and 12 short tandem repeat loci in the non-recombining region of the Y-chromosome, as well as the sequence of the first hypervariable segment (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region were studied in 150 unrelated males born in the Pampa region of Rio Grande do Sul. Results Comparison of the results with the other Brazilian and Uruguayan populations, as well as with their putative ancestors, indicated a stronger male Spanish influence than that observed elsewhere in Brazil, a former Portuguese colony. Extensive mtDNA analyses of their Amerindian component gave clear indications of the presence there of material from extinct (Charrua), as well as extant (Guarani) tribes. Conclusions The genetic analyses contributed in a significant way to reveal that the known cultural continuity between pre- and post-Columbian Pampa populations was also accompanied by an extraordinary genetic continuity.
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Consistent with previous studies, Latinos have 13% less European ancestry on the X chromosome than genome-wide, showing proportionally greater European ancestry contributions from males.
“Consistent with previous studies that show a sex bias in admixture in Latino populations,12–18 we estimate 13% less European ancestry on the X chromosome than genome-wide (Table 1), showing proportionally greater European ancestry contributions from males.”
From The genetic ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
Latinos across the Americas have differing proportions of Native American, African, and European genetic ancestry, shaped by local historical interactions with migrants brought by the slave trade, European settlement, and indigenous Native American populations.
“Latinos across the Americas have differing proportions of Native American, African, and European genetic ancestry, shaped by local historical interactions with migrants brought by the slave trade, European settlement, and indigenous Native American populations.12–18”
From The genetic ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
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The genetic ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States
Bryc, K., Durand, E. Y., Macpherson, J. M., Reich, D., & Mountain, J. L. (2015) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.11.010 · Cited by 712
Geographic Patterns of Genome Admixture in Latin American Mestizos
Wang, S., Ray, N., Rojas, W., Parra, M. V., Bedoya, G., Gallo, C., Poletti, G., Mazzotti, G., Hill, K., Hurtado, A. M., et al. (2008) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000037 · Cited by 453
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Marrero, A. R., Bravi, C., Stuart, S., Long, J. C., Pereira das Neves Leite, F., Kommers, T., Carvalho, C. M. B., Pena, S. D. J., Ruiz-Linares, A., Salzano, F. M., & Cátira Bortolini, M.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- University College London (GB)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- Venue
- Human Heredity
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2007
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 160-171
- ISSN
- 0001-5652 (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0062
- OpenAlex
- W2080207104
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Heredity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Academia Brasileira de Ciências
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Race, Genetics, and Society
- Keywords
- gauchos, genetic continuity, cultural continuity, Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA, Native American ancestry, Charrúa, Guarani, Pampas, Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguayan population, demographic history, microsatellite markers, Alu insertion polymorphisms
- MeSH terms
- Brazil, Culture, DNA, Mitochondrial, Humans, Indians, South American, Male, Polymorphism, Genetic, Founder Effect, Chromosomes, Human, Y, Gene Flow
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