CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 420Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsPersonality Traits and PsychologyPsychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Role of Self-Compassion in Development: A Healthier Way to Relate to Oneself

Open access
Neff, Kristin D.·2009·Human Development
DOI 10.1159/000215071PMC PMC2790748
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The idea that people need high self-esteem in order to be psychologically healthy is almost a truism in Western developmental psychology.Parents are told that one of their most important tasks is to nurture their children's self-esteem.Teachers are encouraged to give all their students gold stars so that each can feel proud and special.Psychologists worry about the dangerous drop in self-esteem experienced by adolescents as they transition out of childhood and try to find ways to give teens a self-esteem boost.The assumption that high self-esteem is synonymous with wellbeing applies throughout the lifespan.The elderly benefit from high self-esteem as much as anyone, don't they?The issue is not so simple.In the field of social psychology, scholars are starting to fall out of love with self-esteem.Yes, it is true that high self-esteem is associated with less depression and anxiety, as well as with greater happiness and life satisfaction.However, there are also some dark sides to high selfesteem.For instance, high self-esteem is strongly correlated with narcissism.Twenge [2006] argued that the emphasis placed on self-esteem in American schools and culture at large is responsible for the creation of 'generation me', so named because of the steady and consistent rise in narcissism levels among American college students documented since the mid 1960s.Self-esteem is also associated with the better-thanaverage effect, the need to feel superior to others just to feel okay about oneself.Research shows that most people think they are funnier, more logical, more popular, better looking, nicer, more trustworthy, wiser and more intelligent than others [Alicke & Govorun, 2005].To be average is unacceptable in Western society, so pretty much everyone walks around wearing rose-colored glasses (at least when they are looking in the mirror).This comparative dynamic, however, the tendency to puff ourselves up and put others down, creates interpersonal distance and separation that undermines connectedness.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1159/000215071

Cites

12 of 12 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 14 references

2 of the 14 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Neff, K.D. (2009). Self-Compassion. In M.R. Leary & R.H. Hoyle (Eds.), Handbook of individual differ- ences in social behavior (pp. 561-573) . New York: Guilford Press.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 420

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Neff, K. D.
Affiliations
The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author
Neff, Kristin D.
ORCID
Neff, Kristin D.
Venue
Human Development
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2009
Volume
52
Issue
4
Pages
211-214
ISSN
  • 0018-716X (ISSN-L)
  • 1423-0054
DOI
10.1159/000215071
PMC
PMC2790748
OpenAlex
W2138316746
Cited by
419
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 8
FWCI
5.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Human Development (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Keywords
self-compassion, self-esteem, narcissism, better-than-average effect, psychological well-being, anxiety and depression, life satisfaction, interpersonal relatedness, Generation Me, developmental psychology

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review