Cited by 1,275Congenital Heart Disease StudiesCongenital heart defects researchCongenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 600 of the 600 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Open access

Donofrio, Mary T., Moon-Grady, Anita J., Hornberger, Lisa K., Copel, Joshua A., Sklansky, Mark S., Abuhamad, Alfred, Cuneo, Bettina F., Huhta, James C., Jonas, Richard A., Krishnan, Anita, Lacey, Stephanie, Lee, Wesley, Michelfelder, Erik C., Rempel, Gwen R., Silverman, Norman H., Spray, Thomas L., Strasburger, Janette F., Tworetzky, Wayne, Rychik, Jack·2014·Circulation

DOI 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Background—: The goal of this statement is to review available literature and to put forth a scientific statement on the current practice of fetal cardiac medicine, including the diagnosis and management of fetal cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results—: A writing group appointed by the American Heart Association reviewed the available literature pertaining to topics relevant to fetal cardiac medicine, including the diagnosis of congenital heart disease and arrhythmias, assessment of cardiac function and the cardiovascular system, and available treatment options. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification of recommendations and level of evidence for practice guidelines were applied to the current practice of fetal cardiac medicine. Recommendations relating to the specifics of fetal diagnosis, including the timing of referral for study, indications for referral, and experience suggested for performance and interpretation of studies, are presented. The components of a fetal echocardiogram are described in detail, including descriptions of the assessment of cardiac anatomy, cardiac function, and rhythm. Complementary modalities for fetal cardiac assessment are reviewed, including the use of advanced ultrasound techniques, fetal magnetic resonance imaging, and fetal magnetocardiography and electrocardiography for rhythm assessment. Models for parental counseling and a discussion of parental stress and depression assessments are reviewed. Available fetal therapies, including medical management for arrhythmias or heart failure and closed or open intervention for diseases affecting the cardiovascular system such as twin–twin transfusion syndrome, lung masses, and vascular tumors, are highlighted. Catheter-based intervention strategies to prevent the progression of disease in utero are also discussed. Recommendations for delivery planning strategies for fetuses with congenital heart disease including models based on classification of disease severity and delivery room treatment will be highlighted. Outcome assessment is reviewed to show the benefit of prenatal diagnosis and management as they affect outcome for babies with congenital heart disease. Conclusions—: Fetal cardiac medicine has evolved considerably over the past 2 decades, predominantly in response to advances in imaging technology and innovations in therapies. The diagnosis of cardiac disease in the fetus is mostly made with ultrasound; however, new technologies, including 3- and 4-dimensional echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fetal electrocardiography and magnetocardiography, are available. Medical and interventional treatments for select diseases and strategies for delivery room care enable stabilization of high-risk fetuses and contribute to improved outcomes. This statement highlights what is currently known and recommended on the basis of evidence and experience in the rapidly advancing and highly specialized field of fetal cardiac care.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d

Cites

600 of 600 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography
Nagueh, S. F., Appleton, C. P., Gillebert, T. C., Marino, P. N., Oh, J. K., Smiseth, O. A., Waggoner, A. D., Flachskampf, F. A., Pellikka, P. A., & Evangelista, A. (2009) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2008.11.023 · Cited by 4,367
A Randomized Trial of Prenatal versus Postnatal Repair of Myelomeningocele
Adzick, N. S., Thom, E. A., Spong, C. Y., Brock, J. W. I., Burrows, P. K., Johnson, M. P., Howell, L. J., Farrell, J. A., Dabrowiak, M. E., Sutton, L. N., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1014379 · Cited by 2,244
Retinoic acid embryopathy
Lammer, E. J., Chen, D. T., Hoar, R. M., Agnish, N. D., Benke, P. J., Braun, J. T., Curry, C. J., Fernhoff, P. M., Grix, A. W., Lott, I. T., et al. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198510033131401 · Cited by 1,942
Real Time
Mellor, D. H. (1981) · Cited by 1,699
UK multicentre project on assessment of risk of trisomy 21 by maternal age and fetal nuchal-translucency thickness at 10–14 weeks of gestation
Snijders, R., Noble, P., Sebire, N., Souka, A., & Nicolaides, K. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)11280-6 · Cited by 1,572
New index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance: a simple and reproducible measure of cardiac function--a study in normals and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Tei, C., Ling, L. H., Hodge, D. O., Bailey, K. R., Oh, J. K., Rodeheffer, R. J., Tajik, A. J., & Seward, J. B. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 1,547
Staging of Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Quintero, R. A., Morales, W. J., Allen, M. H., Bornick, P. W., Johnson, P. K., & Kruger, M. L. (1999) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7200292 · Cited by 1,465
Endoscopic Laser Surgery versus Serial Amnioreduction for Severe Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Sénat, M., Deprest, J. A., Boulvain, M., Paupe, A., Winer, N., & Ville, Y. G. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa032597 · Cited by 1,347
Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques for the Quantitative Evaluation of Cardiac Mechanics: ASE/EAE Consensus Statement on Methodology and Indications
Mor‐Avi, V., Lang, R. M., Badano, L. P., Bëlohlávek, M., Cardim, N. M., Dérumeaux, G., Galderisi, M., Marwick, T. H., Nagueh, S. F., Sengupta, P. P., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2011.01.015 · Cited by 1,258
Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors
Cooper, W. O., Hernandez-Diaz, S., Arbogast, P. G., Dudley, J. A., Dyer, S., Gideon, P. S., Hall, K., & Ray, W. A. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055202 · Cited by 1,192

Show all 599 references

Research works printed but not linked: 11

Hagay Z, Reece AReece and Hobbins: Medicine of the Fetus and Mother. Philadelphia, PA; JP Lippincott; 1999.
10.7863/ultra.32.6.1067 · DOI
Food and Drug Administration. Revised 510(k) Diagnostic Ultrasound Guidance for 1993. Rockville, MD: Center for Devices and Radiological Health; 1993.
10.1016/S0002-9378(13)70275-8 · DOI
Chaoui R, Korner H, Bommer C, Goldner B, Bierlich A, Bollmann R.Prenatal diagnosis of heart defects and associated chromosomal aberrations [in German]. Ultraschall Med. 1999;20:177–184.
10.1016/S0022-3476(89)80605-5 · DOI
Ferrer PL. Fetal arrhythmias. In: , Deal B, Wolff GS, Gelband H, eds. Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Arrhythmias in Infants and Children. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company, Inc; 1998:17–63.
10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.015 · DOI
10.1002/uog.7748 · DOI
10.1002/uog.10117 · DOI
10.1161/circimaging.109.848432 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 401–500 of 1,000

Efficacy of fetal cardiac axis evaluation in the first trimester as a screening tool for congenital heart defect or aneuploidy
Jung, Y.-J., Lee, B., & Kim, G. J. (2020) · Obstetrics & Gynecology Science · doi:10.5468/ogs.2020.63.3.278 · Cited by 12
Element profiles in blood and teeth samples of children with congenital heart diseases in comparison with healthy ones
Yalçın, S. S., Dönmez, Y. N., Aypar, E., & Yalçın, S. (2020) · Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126662 · Cited by 13
Timing of Transfer and Mortality in Neonates with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome in California
Purkey, N. J., Ma, C., Lee, H. C., Hintz, S. R., Shaw, G. M., McElhinney, D. B., & Carmichael, S. L. (2021) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-021-02561-w · Cited by 12
Fetal intervention for critical aortic stenosis
Marantz, P. M., & Grinenco, S. (2014) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000128 · Cited by 12
Evaluation of interactive effects between paternal alcohol consumption and paternal socioeconomic status and environmental exposures on congenital heart defects
Nie, Z., Qu, Y., Han, F., Bell, E. M., Zhuang, J., Chen, J., François, M., Lipton, E. A., Matale, R., Cui, W., et al. (2020) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.1759 · Cited by 11
FetalNet: Low-light fetal echocardiography enhancement and dense convolutional network classifier for improving heart defect prediction
Sutarno, S., Nurmaini, S., Partan, R. U., Sapitri, A. I., Tutuko, B., Rachmatullah, M. N., Darmawahyuni, A., Firdaus, F., Bernolian, N., & Sulistiyo, D. (2022) · Informatics in Medicine Unlocked · doi:10.1016/j.imu.2022.101136 · Cited by 11
Fetal Echocardiographic Z Score Pilot Project: Study Design and Impact of Gestational Age and Variable Type on Reproducibility of Measurements Within and Across Investigators
Moon‐Grady, A. J., Lee, H., Lopez, L., Fatusin, O. O., Freud, L. R., Hogan, W. J., Krishnan, A. N., McFarland, C. A., Minich, L. L., Morris, S. A., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2023.05.010 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Diagnosis and treatment of fetal and pediatric age patients (0–12 years) with Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome and atrioventricular accessory pathways
Leoni, L., Bronzetti, G., Colonna, D., Porcedda, G., Rimini, A., & Silvetti, M. S. (2023) · Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.2459/jcm.0000000000001484 · Cited by 12
Integration of Prenatal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Congenital Heart Disease
Desmond, A., Nguyen, K., Watterson, C. T., Sklansky, M., Satou, G. M., Prosper, A. E., Garg, M., Arsdell, G. S. V., Finn, J. P., & Afshar, Y. (2023) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.030640 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
FetalCare: A Home Telemonitoring System for Wearable Fetal-ECG and EHG Acquisition During Pregnancy
Li, H., Liu, L., Zhao, J., Li, Z., Liu, M., Li, T., Zhang, J., Hong, Z., & Xu, J. (2024) · IEEE Sensors Journal · doi:10.1109/jsen.2024.3374332 · Cited by 11
Fetal magnetocardiographic recordings with a prototype bed-based array system of optically-pumped magnetometers
Escalona‐Vargas, D., Siegel, E. R., Bolin, E. H., & Eswaran, H. (2024) · Medical Engineering & Physics · doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104175 · Cited by 11
Deep learning-based differentiation of ventricular septal defect from tetralogy of Fallot in fetal echocardiography images
Xia, Y., Ma, L., Wang, H., Zhang, Y. A., Du, H., Xu, K., & Wang, L. (2024) · Technology and Health Care · doi:10.3233/thc-248040 · Cited by 11
Reproductive Health in Scleroderma, Vasculitis, and Sjögren Syndrome
Crisafulli, F., Lazzaroni, M. G., Nalli, C., Orabona, R., Franceschini, F., & Tincani, A. (2024) · JCR Journal of Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/rhu.0000000000002128 · Cited by 11
A comprehensive scoping review on machine learning-based fetal echocardiography analysis
Hernandez-Cruz, N., Patey, O. V., Teng, C., Papageorghiou, A. T., & Noble, J. A. (2025) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.109666 · Cited by 13
Concordance Between Obstetric Anatomic Ultrasound and Fetal Echocardiography in Detecting Congenital Heart Disease in High‐risk Pregnancies
Krishnan, R., Deal, L., Chisholm, C. A., Cortez, B., & Boyle, A. (2020) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.15592 · Cited by 11
Noninherited Factors in Fetal Congenital Heart Diseases Based on Bayesian Network: A Large Multicenter Study
Ruan, Y., Liu, X., Zhu, H., Lu, Y., Liu, X., Han, J., Sun, L., Zhang, Y., Gu, X., Zhao, Y., et al. (2021) · Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.32604/chd.2021.015862 · Cited by 13
A preliminary study on fetal cardiac morphology and systolic function of normal and anemic pregnant women by fetal heart quantification technology
Shen, Y., Tan, F., Yang, J., Fan, S., Zhang, L., & Ji, X. (2022) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp-22-315 · Cited by 11
Fetal arrhythmias: Ten years’ experience and review of the literature
Ekici, H., Ökmen, F., İmamoğlu, M., Imamoglu, G., & Ergenoğlu, A. M. (2022) · Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetric and Gynecology · doi:10.4274/tjod.galenos.2022.61818 · Cited by 11
A Comparison of Five Algorithms for Fetal Magnetocardiography Signal Extraction
Escalona‐Vargas, D., Wu, H., Frasch, M. G., & Eswaran, H. (2018) · Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13239-018-0351-4 · Cited by 11
Quantile Score: A New Reference System for Quantitative Fetal Echocardiography Based on a Large Multicenter Study
Gu, X., Zhu, H., Zhang, Y., Han, J., Zhang, H., Liu, Y., Wang, A., Liu, B., Xue, J., Sun, B., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2018.09.012 · Cited by 12
Cardiac arrhythmias in pregnant women: need for mother and offspring protection
Manolis, T. A., Manolis, A. S., Apostolopoulos, E. J., Papatheou, D., Melita, H., & Manolis, A. S. (2020) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1080/03007995.2020.1762555 · Cited by 14
Noninvasive Fetal Electrocardiography in the Diagnosis of Long QT Syndrome: A Case Series
Sethi, N., Funamoto, K., Ingbar, C., Mass, P. N., Moak, J. P., Wakai, R. T., Strasburger, J. F., Donofrio, M. T., Khandoker, A. H., Kimura, Y., et al. (2020) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000508043 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
The association of maternal hypertensive disorders with neonatal congenital heart disease: analysis of a United States cohort
Sanapo, L., Donofrio, M. T., Ahmadzia, H. K., Gimovsky, A. C., & Mohamed, M. A. (2020) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-020-00795-9 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Clinical relevance of fetal hemodynamic monitoring: Perinatal implications
Pruetz, J. D., Votava‐Smith, J. K., & Miller, D. A. W. (2015) · Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.siny.2015.03.007 · Cited by 11
Concordance of fetal echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital cardiac disease utilizing updated guidelines
Aguilera, M., & Dummer, K. (2017) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2017.1297791 · Cited by 11
Prenatal Diagnosis of Aortopulmonary Window by 2‐Dimensional Echocardiography: Summary of 8 Cases
Li, W., Bin, G., Wu, J., & Shuang, Y. (2018) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.14756 · Cited by 11
Birth Location of Infants with Critical Congenital Heart Disease in California
Purkey, N. J., Axelrod, D. M., McElhinney, D. B., Rigdon, J., Qin, F., Desai, M., Shin, A. Y., Chock, V. Y., & Lee, H. C. (2018) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-018-2019-0 · Cited by 11
Management of Severe Coarctation of the Aorta During Pregnancy
Ciresi, C. M., Patel, P. R., Asdell, S. M., Hopkins, K., Hoyer, M. H., & Kay, W. A. (2020) · JACC Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.11.060 · Cited by 11
Trends in Preterm Delivery among Singleton Gestations with Critical Congenital Heart Disease
Castellanos, D. A., Lopez, K. N., Salemi, J. L., Shamshirsaz, A. A., Wang, Y., & Morris, S. A. (2020) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.003 · Cited by 10
Clinical utility of fetal echocardiography: an Egyptian center experience
Al‐Fahham, M. M., Gad, N. A., Ramy, A. R. M., & Habeeb, N. M. M. (2021) · The Egyptian Heart Journal · doi:10.1186/s43044-021-00196-z · Cited by 10
Advances in tissues and cells characterization by Raman micro‐spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Batista, A. M., Foiani, L., Champeau, M., & Martinho, H. D. S. (2022) · Journal of Raman Spectroscopy · doi:10.1002/jrs.6421 · Cited by 10
Enhancing parental understanding of congenital heart disease through personalized prenatal counseling with 3D printed hearts
Galliotto, F., Veronese, P., Cerutti, A., Zemin, F., Bertelli, F., Salvo, G. D., Guariento, A., & Vida, V. L. (2024) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6583 · Cited by 10
A Systematic Review of Methods and Practice for Integrating Maternal, Fetal, and Child Health Outcomes, and Family Spillover Effects into Cost-Utility Analyses
Lamsal, R., Yeh, E. A., Pullenayegum, E., & Ungar, W. J. (2024) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.1007/s40273-024-01397-5 · Cited by 12
Diagnostic Strategies Using AI and ML in Cardiovascular Diseases: Challenges and Future Perspectives
Rana, N., Sharma, K., & Sharma, A. (2025) · Algorithms for intelligent systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-1285-7_7 · Cited by 11
Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Diseases Using Echocardiography: 12-Year Results of an Improving Program With 9782 Cases
Ou, Y., Bloom, M. S., Mai, J., François, M., Pan, W., Xiao, X., Wang, X., Nie, Z., Qu, Y., Gao, X., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.886262 · Cited by 10
Use of fetal tele‐echo at small regional hospitals increases the rate of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease
Meiman, J., Zhang, C., & Holland, B. J. (2022) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6196 · Cited by 10
Role of Psychologists in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease
Amin, K., & Patel, K. (2022) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2022.05.002 · Cited by 11
Characteristics and outcomes of fetal ventricular aneurysm and diverticulum: combining the use of a new technique, fetal HQ
Zhao, L., Wu, P., Jiao, X., Zhang, M., Jing, W., Wu, Y., & Chen, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2023.1165972 · Cited by 10
The Role of the Neonatologist in Fetuses Diagnosed with Congenital Heart Disease
Udine, M. L., & Donofrio, M. T. (2023) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.24-9-e553 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Can Artificial Intelligence Revolutionize the Diagnosis and Management of the Atrial Septal Defect in Children?
Cinteză, E. E., Vasile, C. M., Busnatu, Ș., Armat, I., Spînu, A. D., Vatasescu, R. G., Duică, G., & Nicolescu, A. M. (2024) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics14020132 · Cited by 10
Evaluation of Referral Pattern for Fetal Echocardiography at a Tertiary Care Center in Northern India and Its Implications
Nair, A. K., & Radhakrishnan, S. (2016) · The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India · doi:10.1007/s13224-016-0872-4 · Cited by 10
Fetal cardiac interventions: clinical and experimental research
Yuan, S., & Humuruola, G. (2016) · Advances in Interventional Cardiology · doi:10.5114/aic.2016.59359 · Cited by 10
Complex Fetal Care: Importance of Fetal Arrhythmias to the Neonatologist and Pediatrician
Wacker‐Gussmann, A., Wakai, R. T., & Strasburger, J. F. (2016) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.17-10-e568 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Comparison of Longitudinal and Apical Foetal Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Using Tissue Motion Annular Displacement and Segmental Longitudinal Strain
Derpa, V. F., Koch, R., Möllers, M., Hammer, K., de Murcia, K. O., Köster, H. A., Falkenberg, M. K., Braun, J., Klockenbusch, W., & Schmitz, R. (2018) · Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.09.013 · Cited by 10
Cardiovascular profile and biophysical profile scores predict short‐term prognosis in infants with congenital heart defect
Miyoshi, T., Katsuragi, S., Neki, R., Kurosaki, K., Shiraishi, I., Nakai, M., Nishimura, K., Yoshimatsu, J., & Ikeda, T. (2019) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.13970 · Cited by 10
Prenatal detection of fetal heart disease at Jordan University Hospital: early experience in a developing country
Tutunji, L., Thekrallah, F. M., Basha, A. S., Awaysheh, B., Amer, S., Khatib, L., Hamdan, L., Saber, N., Mustafa, A., Jadallah, R., et al. (2019) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951119001550 · Cited by 12
Postnatal recurrence and transesophageal inducibility of prenatally treated fetal supraventricular tachycardia
Michel, M., Renaud, C., Chiu-Man, C. C., Gross, G. J., & JAEGGI, E. T. (2022) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.04.013 · Cited by 10
Maternal metabolomic profiling and congenital heart disease risk in offspring: A systematic review of observational studies
Mires, S., Reddy, S. M., Skerritt, C., Caputo, M., & Eastwood, K. (2023) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6301 · Cited by 9
Fetal Diagnosis of Abnormal Origin of the Left Pulmonary Artery
Tretter, J. T., Tretter, E. M., Rafii, D. Y., Anderson, R. H., & Bhatla, P. (2016) · Echocardiography · doi:10.1111/echo.13239 · Cited by 10
Recommendations for fetal echocardiography in singleton pregnancy in 2015
Respondek‐Liberska, M., Sklansky, M., WOOD, D. C., Słodki, M., Weiner, S., Cuneo, B. F., Huhta, J. C., Gembruch, U., Sharland, G., Achiron, R., et al. (2015) · Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) · doi:10.12847/06155 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
MR imaging of fetal cardiac malposition and congenital cardiovascular anomalies on the four-chamber view
Dong, S., & Zhu, M. (2016) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2833-x · Cited by 10
Management of Children With Congenital Heart Defect: State of the Art and Future Prospects
Seghaye, M.-C. (2016) · Future Cardiology · doi:10.2217/fca-2016-0039 · Cited by 11
Cardiac, Aortic, and Pulmonary Vascular Involvement in Alagille Syndrome
Tretter, J. T., & McElhinney, D. B. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94571-2_6 · Cited by 10
DiGeorge syndrome chromosome region deletion and duplication: Prenatal genotype‐phenotype variability in fetal ultrasound and MRI
Tramontana, A., Hartmann, B. W., & Hafner, E. (2019) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.5572 · Cited by 10
Significance of Atrial and Brain Natriuretic Peptide Measurements in Fetuses With Heart Failure
Miyoshi, T., Hosoda, H., & Minamino, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.654356 · Cited by 10
Multidisciplinary Collaboration in Fetal Cardiovascular Research: The Time Has Come
Donofrio, M. T., Rychik, J. R., Donofrio, M. T., Moon‐Grady, A. J., Rychik, J. R., Puchalski, M. D., Tworetzky, W., Cuneo, B. F., Abuhamad, A., Ayers, N. A., et al. (2015) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2015.11.012 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Artificial Intelligence to Assist in the Screening Fetal Anomaly Ultrasound Scan (PROMETHEUS): A Randomised Controlled TrialPreprint
Day, T. G., Matthew, J., Budd, S., Farruggia, A., Venturini, L., Wright, R., Jamshidi, B., To, M. S., Ling, H., Lai, J., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.05.23.24307329 · Cited by 10
Clinical presentation, genetic etiology and outcome associated with fetal cardiomyopathy: comparison of two eras
Trakmulkichkarn, T., Ghadiry-Tavi, R., Fruitman, D. S., Niederhoffer, K. Y., Caluseriu, O., Lauzon, J., Wewala, G., Hornberger, L. K., Urschel, S., Conway, J. L., et al. (2021) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.23713 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Risk Assessment of the Increased Occurrence of Congenital Cardiac and Non-Cardiac Defects in Fetuses with a Normal Karyotype after Assisted Fertilization in Comparison to Natural Fertilization Based on Ultrasound Diagnostics
Serafin, D., Grabarek, B. O., Boroń, D., Madej, A., & Czuba, B. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10235630 · Cited by 9
Automatic signal quality assessment of raw trans-abdominal biopotential recordings for non-invasive fetal electrocardiography
Baldazzi, G., Sulas, E., Vullings, R., Urru, M., Tumbarello, R., Raffo, L., & Pani, D. (2023) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1059119 · Cited by 9
Ferrite Shield to Enhance the Performance of Optically Pumped Magnetometers for Fetal Magnetocardiography
Tardelli, G. P., Phan, T., Strasburger, J. F., Baffa, O., & Wakai, R. T. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12093078 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Prenatal Congenital Heart Disease—It Takes a Multidisciplinary Village
Ronai, C., Kim, A. J. H., Dukhovny, S. E., Fisher, C. R., & Madriago, E. J. (2023) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-023-03161-6 · Cited by 9
Neighborhood location and nutritional resources as a risk factor for congenital heart disease in the fetus
Klein, J. H., Ryan, J. A., Dwivedi, P., Leslie, T. F., Vyas, A. N., & Krishnan, A. N. (2023) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.2231 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Prenatal detection rates for congenital heart disease using abnormal obstetrical screening ultrasound alone as indication for fetal echocardiography
Vepa, S., Alavi, M., Wu, W., Schmittdiel, J. A., Herrinton, L. J., & Desai, K. H. (2024) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6544 · Cited by 9
Left Ventricular Strain, Arch Angulation, and Velocity-Time Integral Ratio Improve Performance of a Clinical Pathway for Fetal Diagnosis of Neonatal Coarctation of the Aorta
Phillips, A. A., Punn, R., Algaze, C. A., Blumenfeld, Y. J., Chock, V. Y., Kwiatkowski, D. M., Quirin, A., Tacy, T. A., Thorson, K., & Maskatia, S. A. (2024) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000538550 · Cited by 9
Fetal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: History, Current Status, and Future Directions
Suchá, D., Bohte, A. E., van Ooij, P., Leiner, T., Schrauben, E. M., & Grotenhuis, H. B. (2024) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.29664 · Cited by 9
Fetal arrhythmias: Current evidence of prenatal diagnosis and management
Miyoshi, T. (2025) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.16256 · Cited by 9
Fetal cardiac diagnostics in Indonesia: a study of screening and echocardiography
Bachnas, M. A., Andonotopo, W., Pribadi, A., Dewantiningrum, J., Pramono, M. B. A., Sulistyowati, S., Stanojević, M., & Kurjak, A. (2025) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm-2025-0037 · Cited by 10
Evaluation of cardiac function and systolic dyssynchrony of fetuses exposed to maternal autoimmune diseases using speckle tracking echocardiography
Duan, S., Si, H., Li, S., Wang, Y., Shi, Y., Zhao, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-021-05723-6 · Cited by 9
Screening and diagnostic imaging at centres performing congenital heart surgery in middle-income countries
Majeed, A., Jenkins, K. J., Gauvreau, K., Forero, J. F., Pérez-Juárez, F., Kulkarni, S. M., Phuc, V. M., & Schidlow, D. N. (2022) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s1047951122001731 · Cited by 9
Mediastinal Shift Angle in Fetal MRI Is Associated With Prognosis, Severity, and Cardiac Underdevelopment in Left Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Wang, X., Shi, Q. W., Pan, W., Wang, W., Wu, W., Liu, M., Xie, W., Wang, X., & Wang, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2022.907724 · Cited by 9
Congenital Heart Block
Steinberg, L. A. (2023) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2023.03.002 · Cited by 9
Hydrops fetalis: Incidence, Etiologies, Management Strategies, and Outcomes
Younge, T., Ottolini, K. M., Al‐Kouatly, H. B., & Berger, S. (2023) · Research and Reports in Neonatology · doi:10.2147/rrn.s411736 · Cited by 9
Obstetric imaging practice characteristics associated with prenatal detection of critical congenital heart disease in a rural US region over 20 years
McLean, K. C., Meyer, M. C., Peters, S. R., Wrenn, L. D., Yeager, S. B., & Flyer, J. N. (2024) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6551 · Cited by 9
Fetal Diagnostics and Fetal Intervention
McLaughlin, E. S., Schlosser, B., & Border, W. L. (2016) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2015.11.003 · Cited by 9
Fetal assessment in buprenorphine‐maintained women using fetal magnetoencephalography: a pilot study
Escalona‐Vargas, D., Coker, J. L., Ray-Griffith, S. L., Siegel, E. R., Lowery, C. L., Stowe, Z. N., & Eswaran, H. (2018) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.14266 · Cited by 9
The factors associated with mode of delivery in fetuses with congenital heart defects
Asoğlu, M. R., Bears, B., Turan, Ş., Harman, C. R., & Turan, O. M. (2018) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2018.1505855 · Cited by 9
Is echocardiography necessary for all single umbilical artery fetuses? A retrospective study in a selected Chinese population
Wang, J., Ye, Y., Xin, T., Zhang, X., Chen, S., Wu, Y., & Sun, K. (2019) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.13912 · Cited by 9
The Combined Use of Ultrasound and Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging for a Comprehensive Fetal Neurological Assessment in Fetal Congenital Cardiac Defects
Pasupathy, D., Denbow, M. L., & Rutherford, M. (2019) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.15620 · Cited by 9
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: Uptake of familial cardiac screening and parental knowledge from a single tertiary care center
Shikany, A. R., Parrott, A., James, J., Madueme, P. C., Weaver, K. N., Cassidy, C., Khoury, P. R., & Miller, E. M. (2019) · Journal of Genetic Counseling · doi:10.1002/jgc4.1117 · Cited by 9
A novel dual reporter embryonic stem cell line for toxicological assessment of teratogen-induced perturbation of anterior–posterior patterning of the heart
Leigh, R. S., Ruskoaho, H. J., & Kaynak, B. L. (2019) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-019-02632-1 · Cited by 9
Comparison of strain and dyssynchrony measurements in fetal two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography using Philips and TomTec
Köster, H. A., Hammer, K., Braun, J., de Murcia, K. O., Möllers, M., Klockenbusch, W., & Schmitz, R. (2020) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm-2019-0424 · Cited by 9
The Differential Diagnosis of Double Aortic Arch and Right Aortic Arch with Mirror-Image Branches in the Fetus: A Potential Novel Method
Han, J., Zhang, Y., Gu, X., Liu, X., Sun, L., Zhao, Y. X., Wang, J., & He, Y. (2021) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-021-02625-x · Cited by 9
An assessment of the usefulness of image pre-processing for the classification of first trimester fetal heart ultrasound using convolutional neural networks
Stoean, C., Stoean, R., Hotoleanu, M., Iliescu, D. G., Patru, C., & Nagy, R. D. (2021) · International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC) · doi:10.1109/icstcc52150.2021.9606852 · Cited by 9
High-Risk Pregnancy
Wildschut, H. I. J., Duvekot, J. J., Cook, J. R., Bacchus, L. J., Bewley, S., Creighton, S., Dear, J., Williams, D., Kilby, M. D., Crouch, N. S., et al. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108349185 · Cited by 11
Self-citation
Transient fetal atrioventricular block: A series of four cases and approach to management
Kikano, S. D., & Killen, S. A. S. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.15642 · Cited by 9
The Year in Review
Ing, R. J., & Twite, M. D. (2015) · Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia · doi:10.1177/1089253215570064 · Cited by 9
Keeping upbeat to prevent the heartbreak of anti‐Ro/SSA pregnancy
Cuneo, B. F., & Buyon, J. P. (2019) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.20361 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Impact of Prenatal Diagnosis of Critical Congenital Heart Disease on Preoperative and Postoperative Outcomes
Dischinger, A. N., Li, J. S., Mulder, H. S., Spears, T. G., Chiswell, K., Hoffman, T. M., Hartman, R. J., Walsh, M. J., Sang, C. J., Sarno, L. A., et al. (2023) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-023-03197-8 · Cited by 8
Evaluating How Beliefs Among Pediatric Cardiology Providers May Affect Fetal Cardiac Counseling—A National Perspective
Haxel, C. S., Ronai, C., Martens, A. M., Lim, C. C., Pinto, N. M., & Chiu, J. S. (2024) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6706 · Cited by 8
Variation of Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Disease in Infants: Updated Analysis of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database
Ribeiro, E. R., Co‐Vu, J., Quartermain, M. D., Bonnell, L. N., Goldberg, D., Brinkley, L. M., Husain, S. A., Peek, G. J., Habib, R., Nelson, J. S., et al. (2025) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2025.06.049 · Cited by 8
Adaptable Sensor Arrays for Fetal Magnetocardiographic Measurements Using Optically-Pumped Magnetometers: A Pilot Study
Escalona‐Vargas, D., & Eswaran, H. (2020) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/embc44109.2020.9175691 · Cited by 8
Home fetal heart rate monitoring in anti Ro/SSA positive pregnancies: Literature review and case report
Milazzo, R., Ligato, E., Laoreti, A., Ferri, G., Basili, L., Serati, L., Brucato, A. L., & Cetin, I. (2021) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.01.031 · Cited by 9
Prenatal diagnosis lowers neonatal cardiac care costs in resource-limited settings
Vaidyanathan, B., Rani, K., Kunde, F., Thomas, S., Sudhakar, A., Kumar, R., & Zheleva, B. (2022) · Cardiology in the Young · doi:10.1017/s104795112100487x · Cited by 10
Guidance for fetal cardiac imaging in patients with degraded acoustic windows
Sklansky, M., Afshar, Y., Anton, T., DeVore, G. R., Platt, L. D., & Satou, G. M. (2022) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.24872 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Utility of Screening Fetal Echocardiogram Following Normal Anatomy Ultrasound for In Vitro Fertilization Pregnancies
Spurr, R., Conwell, J. A., Young, L., Lewin, M., Edwards, L. A., & Arya, B. (2022) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-022-02857-5 · Cited by 8
Distance from home to birth hospital, transfer, and mortality in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome in California
Purkey, N. J., Ma, C., Lee, H. C., Hintz, S. R., Shaw, G. M., McElhinney, D. B., & Carmichael, S. L. (2022) · Birth Defects Research · doi:10.1002/bdr2.2020 · Cited by 8
Evaluating How Physician Attitudes May Affect Practice in Fetal Cardiac Counseling
Martens, A. M., Lim, C. C., Kelly, M. S., Haxel, C. S., Ronai, C., & Chiu, J. S. (2023) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-023-03210-0 · Cited by 8
Risk factor analysis for adverse prognosis of the fetal ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Wang, S., Yuanqing, X., Jing, Z., Wu, X., Huifeng, G., & Yi, W. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05969-9 · Cited by 8
The impact of hormones in autoimmune cutaneous diseases
Gomes, L. L. A., Werth, A. J., Thomas, P., & Werth, V. P. (2024) · Journal of Dermatological Treatment · doi:10.1080/09546634.2024.2312241 · Cited by 8

Authors: Donofrio, M. T., Moon-Grady, A. J., Hornberger, L. K., Copel, J. A., Sklansky, M. S., Abuhamad, A., Cuneo, B. F., Huhta, J. C., Jonas, R. A., Krishnan, A., Lacey, S., Lee, W., Michelfelder, E. C., Rempel, G. R., Silverman, N. H., Spray, T. L., Strasburger, J. F., Tworetzky, W., & Rychik, J.
ORCID: Donofrio, Mary T.
Hornberger, Lisa K.
Copel, Joshua A.
Sklansky, Mark S.
Cuneo, Bettina F.
Huhta, James C.
Jonas, Richard A.
Krishnan, Anita
Lee, Wesley
Michelfelder, Erik C.
Rempel, Gwen R.
Strasburger, Janette F.
Tworetzky, Wayne
Rychik, Jack
Venue: Circulation
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2014-05-27
Volume: 129
Issue: 21
Pages: 2183-2242
ISSN: 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d
OpenAlex: W2007344602
Cited by: 1,275
References: 599
Citations by year: 2026: 117 · 2025: 128 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 151 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 124 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 8
FWCI: 50.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2014-05-27)
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Circulation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
Keywords: congenital heart disease, fetal arrhythmia, fetal echocardiography, fetal MRI, fetal magnetocardiography, fetal electrocardiogram, fetal heart failure, twin-twin transfusion syndrome, delivery planning, prenatal diagnosis, parental counseling, parental depression
MeSH terms: American Heart Association, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital, Heart Diseases, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, United States, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks