Cited by 1,275Congenital Heart Disease StudiesCongenital heart defects researchCongenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 600 of the 600 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Open access

Donofrio, Mary T., Moon-Grady, Anita J., Hornberger, Lisa K., Copel, Joshua A., Sklansky, Mark S., Abuhamad, Alfred, Cuneo, Bettina F., Huhta, James C., Jonas, Richard A., Krishnan, Anita, Lacey, Stephanie, Lee, Wesley, Michelfelder, Erik C., Rempel, Gwen R., Silverman, Norman H., Spray, Thomas L., Strasburger, Janette F., Tworetzky, Wayne, Rychik, Jack·2014·Circulation

DOI 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Background—: The goal of this statement is to review available literature and to put forth a scientific statement on the current practice of fetal cardiac medicine, including the diagnosis and management of fetal cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results—: A writing group appointed by the American Heart Association reviewed the available literature pertaining to topics relevant to fetal cardiac medicine, including the diagnosis of congenital heart disease and arrhythmias, assessment of cardiac function and the cardiovascular system, and available treatment options. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification of recommendations and level of evidence for practice guidelines were applied to the current practice of fetal cardiac medicine. Recommendations relating to the specifics of fetal diagnosis, including the timing of referral for study, indications for referral, and experience suggested for performance and interpretation of studies, are presented. The components of a fetal echocardiogram are described in detail, including descriptions of the assessment of cardiac anatomy, cardiac function, and rhythm. Complementary modalities for fetal cardiac assessment are reviewed, including the use of advanced ultrasound techniques, fetal magnetic resonance imaging, and fetal magnetocardiography and electrocardiography for rhythm assessment. Models for parental counseling and a discussion of parental stress and depression assessments are reviewed. Available fetal therapies, including medical management for arrhythmias or heart failure and closed or open intervention for diseases affecting the cardiovascular system such as twin–twin transfusion syndrome, lung masses, and vascular tumors, are highlighted. Catheter-based intervention strategies to prevent the progression of disease in utero are also discussed. Recommendations for delivery planning strategies for fetuses with congenital heart disease including models based on classification of disease severity and delivery room treatment will be highlighted. Outcome assessment is reviewed to show the benefit of prenatal diagnosis and management as they affect outcome for babies with congenital heart disease. Conclusions—: Fetal cardiac medicine has evolved considerably over the past 2 decades, predominantly in response to advances in imaging technology and innovations in therapies. The diagnosis of cardiac disease in the fetus is mostly made with ultrasound; however, new technologies, including 3- and 4-dimensional echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and fetal electrocardiography and magnetocardiography, are available. Medical and interventional treatments for select diseases and strategies for delivery room care enable stabilization of high-risk fetuses and contribute to improved outcomes. This statement highlights what is currently known and recommended on the basis of evidence and experience in the rapidly advancing and highly specialized field of fetal cardiac care.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d

Cites

600 of 600 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography
Nagueh, S. F., Appleton, C. P., Gillebert, T. C., Marino, P. N., Oh, J. K., Smiseth, O. A., Waggoner, A. D., Flachskampf, F. A., Pellikka, P. A., & Evangelista, A. (2009) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2008.11.023 · Cited by 4,367
A Randomized Trial of Prenatal versus Postnatal Repair of Myelomeningocele
Adzick, N. S., Thom, E. A., Spong, C. Y., Brock, J. W. I., Burrows, P. K., Johnson, M. P., Howell, L. J., Farrell, J. A., Dabrowiak, M. E., Sutton, L. N., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1014379 · Cited by 2,244
Retinoic acid embryopathy
Lammer, E. J., Chen, D. T., Hoar, R. M., Agnish, N. D., Benke, P. J., Braun, J. T., Curry, C. J., Fernhoff, P. M., Grix, A. W., Lott, I. T., et al. (1985) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198510033131401 · Cited by 1,942
Real Time
Mellor, D. H. (1981) · Cited by 1,699
UK multicentre project on assessment of risk of trisomy 21 by maternal age and fetal nuchal-translucency thickness at 10–14 weeks of gestation
Snijders, R., Noble, P., Sebire, N., Souka, A., & Nicolaides, K. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)11280-6 · Cited by 1,572
New index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance: a simple and reproducible measure of cardiac function--a study in normals and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Tei, C., Ling, L. H., Hodge, D. O., Bailey, K. R., Oh, J. K., Rodeheffer, R. J., Tajik, A. J., & Seward, J. B. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 1,547
Staging of Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Quintero, R. A., Morales, W. J., Allen, M. H., Bornick, P. W., Johnson, P. K., & Kruger, M. L. (1999) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7200292 · Cited by 1,465
Endoscopic Laser Surgery versus Serial Amnioreduction for Severe Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Sénat, M., Deprest, J. A., Boulvain, M., Paupe, A., Winer, N., & Ville, Y. G. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa032597 · Cited by 1,347
Current and Evolving Echocardiographic Techniques for the Quantitative Evaluation of Cardiac Mechanics: ASE/EAE Consensus Statement on Methodology and Indications
Mor‐Avi, V., Lang, R. M., Badano, L. P., Bëlohlávek, M., Cardim, N. M., Dérumeaux, G., Galderisi, M., Marwick, T. H., Nagueh, S. F., Sengupta, P. P., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2011.01.015 · Cited by 1,258
Major congenital malformations after first-trimester exposure to ACE inhibitors
Cooper, W. O., Hernandez-Diaz, S., Arbogast, P. G., Dudley, J. A., Dyer, S., Gideon, P. S., Hall, K., & Ray, W. A. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa055202 · Cited by 1,192

Show all 599 references

Research works printed but not linked: 11

Hagay Z, Reece AReece and Hobbins: Medicine of the Fetus and Mother. Philadelphia, PA; JP Lippincott; 1999.
10.7863/ultra.32.6.1067 · DOI
Food and Drug Administration. Revised 510(k) Diagnostic Ultrasound Guidance for 1993. Rockville, MD: Center for Devices and Radiological Health; 1993.
10.1016/S0002-9378(13)70275-8 · DOI
Chaoui R, Korner H, Bommer C, Goldner B, Bierlich A, Bollmann R.Prenatal diagnosis of heart defects and associated chromosomal aberrations [in German]. Ultraschall Med. 1999;20:177–184.
10.1016/S0022-3476(89)80605-5 · DOI
Ferrer PL. Fetal arrhythmias. In: , Deal B, Wolff GS, Gelband H, eds. Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment of Arrhythmias in Infants and Children. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company, Inc; 1998:17–63.
10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.015 · DOI
10.1002/uog.7748 · DOI
10.1002/uog.10117 · DOI
10.1161/circimaging.109.848432 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 1,000

An Observational Study of Dialogue about Uncertainty in Clinician-Family Counseling Conversations Following Prenatal Diagnosis of Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Harris, K. W., Schweiberger, K. A., Kavanaugh-McHugh, A. L., Arnold, R. M., Merlin, J. S., Chang, J. C., & Kasparian, N. A. (2024) · PEC Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100265 · Cited by 8
Prenatal cardiac findings and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: Fetal detection and evaluation
Goldmuntz, E., Bassett, A. S., Boot, E., Marino, B., Moldenhauer, J. S., Óskarsdóttir, S., Putotto, C., Rychik, J. R., Schindewolf, E. M., McDonald‐McGinn, D. M., et al. (2024) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6566 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Safety and feasibility pilot study of continuous low‐dose maternal supplemental oxygen in fetal single ventricle heart disease
Lee, F., Sun, L., Szabo, A., Milligan, N., Saini, A., Chetan, D., Hunt, J. ‐., Macgowan, C. K., Freud, L. R., JAEGGI, E. T., et al. (2024) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.27657 · Cited by 8
Cardiac time intervals derived by magnetocardiography in fetuses exposed to pregnancy hypertension syndromes
Bolin, E. H., Siegel, E. R., Eswaran, H., Lowery, C. L., Zakaria, D., & Best, T. H. (2016) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/jp.2016.58 · Cited by 8
Clinical yield of fetal echocardiography for suboptimal cardiac visualization on obstetric ultrasound
Vavolizza, R. D., Dar, P., Suskin, B. G., Moore, R. M., & Stern, K. W. D. (2018) · Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.1111/chd.12584 · Cited by 8
Introduction: From fetal echocardiography to fetal cardiology: A journey of over half a century
Ge, S., & Maulik, D. (2017) · Echocardiography · doi:10.1111/echo.13776 · Cited by 8
Strain and dyssynchrony in fetuses with congenital heart disease compared to normal controls using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE)
Drop, M.-C. V., Möllers, M., Hammer, K., de Murcia, K. O., Falkenberg, M. K., Braun, J., Eveslage, M., Köster, H. A., Klockenbusch, W., Steinhard, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of Perinatal Medicine · doi:10.1515/jpm-2019-0073 · Cited by 8
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects: experience of the first Fetal Cardiology Unit in Mexico
Cruz-Lemini, M., Nieto‐Castro, B., Luna‐García, J., Juárez‐Martínez, I., Martínez-Rivera, M., Bermudez-Rojas, M. D. L. L., Rebolledo-Fernández, C., & Cruz-Martínez, R. (2019) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2019.1638905 · Cited by 8
Echocardiographic and pathomorphological features in fetuses with ductal‐dependent congenital heart diseases
Jiang, H., Tang, Q., Jiang, Y., Li, N., Tang, X., & Xia, H. (2019) · Echocardiography · doi:10.1111/echo.14452 · Cited by 8
Repolarization predictors of fetal long QT syndrome
Strand, S., Strasburger, J. F., Lutter, W. J., & Wakai, R. T. (2020) · Heart Rhythm O2 · doi:10.1016/j.hroo.2020.05.003 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
First-Degree Relatives Screening of Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Effectiveness and Feasibility in Pediatric Cardiology Daily Practice
Massardier, C., Desroches, F., Singbo, N., Côté, J., Drolet, C., Houde, C., Vaujois, L., & Chétaille, P. (2020) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-020-02423-x · Cited by 8
Study of congenital heart defects among neonates in Jos, Nigeria: prevalence and spectrum
Ige, O., Afolanranmi, T., Yilgwan, C. S., Ayatse, F., Nkereuwem, E., Sagay, A. S., Kanki, P., & Bode-Thomas, F. (2021) · Cardiovascular journal of South Africa/Cardiovascular journal of Southern Africa · doi:10.5830/cvja-2020-044 · Cited by 10
Impact of prenatal screening on congenital heart defects in neonates with Down syndrome in the US
Hart, S. A., Nandi, D., Backes, C. H., & Cua, C. L. (2021) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01416-7 · Cited by 8
Predicting Cardiac Anatomy, Physiology, and Surgical Management Based on Fetal Echocardiography in Heterotaxy Syndrome
Romanowicz, J., Sinha, P., Donofrio, M. T., & Schidlow, D. N. (2021) · American Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1732457 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Pharmacoethics and pregnancy: Overcoming the therapeutic orphan stigma
Kazma, J. M., van den Anker, J., & Ahmadzia, H. K. (2021) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.15173 · Cited by 8
Mortality among infants of diabetic mothers with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Bolin, E. H., Spray, B. J., Mourani, P. M., Porter, C. C., & Collins, R. T. (2022) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2022.2066993 · Cited by 8
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Fetuses Detected with Isolated Cardiovascular Malformation: A Multicenter Study, Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis
Mastromoro, G., Hashemian, N. K., Guadagnolo, D., Giuffrida, M. G., Torres, B., Bernardini, L., Ventriglia, F., Piacentini, G., & Pizzuti, A. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12061328 · Cited by 8
Exploring the Risk Factors of Sudden Cardiac Death Using an Electrocardiography and Medical Ultrasonography for the General Population Without a History of Coronary Artery Disease or Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction <35% and Aged >35 Years ― A Novel Point-Based Prediction Model Based on the Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort ―
Chen, Y.-Y., Chung, F., Lin, Y., Chien, K., & Chang, W. (2022) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-22-0322 · Cited by 8
Clinical presentation, conventional/4D spatio‐temporal image correlation imaging findings, pregnancy and early postnatal outcomes in fetuses having anomalies of systemic venous return in the absence of significant intracardiac defects: A retrospective study from two centres in Southern India
Karmegaraj, B., Srimurugan, B., Krishnan, V., & Vaidyanathan, B. (2022) · Echocardiography · doi:10.1111/echo.15458 · Cited by 8
Prenatal Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease
Sethi, N., Miller, S., & Hill, K. D. (2023) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.24-5-e285 · Cited by 8
Prenatal Congenital Heart Disease and Placental Phenotypes
Desmond, A., Imany-Shakibai, H., Wong, D. H., Kwan, L. C., Satou, G. M., Sklansky, M., & Afshar, Y. (2023) · JACC Advances · doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100383 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
The Lifelong Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Clinical Prediction Models on Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot
Jacquemyn, X., Kutty, S., & Manlhiot, C. (2023) · CJC Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.1016/j.cjcpc.2023.08.005 · Cited by 10
Optimal visualization of the fetal four‐chamber and outflow tract views with transabdominal ultrasound in the morbidly obese: Are we there yet?
Adekola, H., Soto, E., Dai, J., Lam‐Rachlin, J., Gill, N., Leon‐Peters, J., Puder, K. S., & Abramowicz, J. S. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Ultrasound · doi:10.1002/jcu.22307 · Cited by 8
Prenatal Counseling and Care for Single-Ventricle Heart Disease: One Center’s Model for Care
Lafranchi, T., & Lincoln, P. A. (2015) · Critical Care Nurse · doi:10.4037/ccn2015247 · Cited by 8
Magnetocardiographic identification of prolonged fetal corrected QT interval in women receiving treatment for opioid use disorder
Bolin, E. H., Escalona‐Vargas, D., Daily, J. A., Siegel, E. R., Lowery, C. L., Coker, J. L., Stowe, Z. N., & Eswaran, H. (2019) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.14055 · Cited by 8
Prenatal Diagnosis of the Fetal Retroesophageal Left Brachiocephalic Vein: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Han, J., Sun, L., Gu, X., Zhang, Y., Guo, Y. H., Hao, X., Zhao, Y. X., & He, Y. (2019) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.15099 · Cited by 8
Electronic versus conventional spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) fetal echocardiography: a direct comparison
Pepes, S., PARTHENAKIS, F. I., Makrigiannakis, A., & Germanakis, I. E. (2020) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2020.1752656 · Cited by 8
Understanding Genetics and Pediatric Cardiac Health
Butler, M., Carvan, M. J., & Johnson, T. S. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2015.10.023 · Cited by 8
Recommendations for Prenatal Echocardiography: A Report from International Prenatal Cardiology Collaboration Group.
Murlewska, J., Słodki, M., Axt-Fliender, R., Rizzo, G., Sklansky, M., Weiner, S., Blickstein, I., & Respondek‐Liberska, M. (2017) · Prenatal Cardiology · doi:10.1515/pcard-2017-0009 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Rationale and Design of the FREQUENCY Study: The Fetal Cardiac Registry of Québec to Improve Resource Utilization in Fetal Cardiology
Noël, C., Gagnon, M.-H., Cardinal, M.-P., Guertin, O., Déry, A., Têtu, C., Vanasse, A., Roy‐Lacroix, M., Poder, T. G., Marelli, A. J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada · doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2018.10.009 · Cited by 8
Wavelet-based Post-processing Methods for the Enhancement of Non-invasive Fetal ECG
Baldazzi, G., Sulas, E., Brungiu, E., Urru, M., Tumbarello, R., Raffo, L., & Pani, D. (2019) · Computing in cardiology · doi:10.22489/cinc.2019.345 · Cited by 8
The Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease among School-Age Children in China: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Zhang, S., Zhang, B., Wu, J., Luo, J., Shi, H., Qi, J., & Yang, H. (2023) · Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.32604/chd.2023.025616 · Cited by 7
Multicentre study protocol comparing standard NRP to deveLoped Educational Modules for Resuscitation of Neonates in the Delivery Room with Congenital Heart Disease (LEARN-CHD)
Levy, P. T., Thomas, A. R., Law, B. H. Y., Joynt, C., Gupta, R., Elshenawy, S., Reed, D., Pavlek, L. R., Shepherd, J. L., Gowda, S. H., et al. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067391 · Cited by 7
Indications for fetal echocardiography: Italian Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ( SIEOG ) guidelines using GRADE methodology
Italian Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (SIEOG) Working Group on the Obstetric Referral Scan (2023) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.26271 · Cited by 7
Catheter-Based Fetal Cardiac Interventions
Furtun, B. Y., & Morris, S. A. (2024) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd11060167 · Cited by 7
Perspectives of Challenges in Counseling for Congenital Heart Defects
Woo, J. L., Gandhi, R., Burton, S., Sivakumar, A., Spiewak, S., Wakulski, R., Grobman, W. A., Davis, M. M., Patel, A., Johnson, J. T., et al. (2024) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-024-03520-x · Cited by 7
Three-Dimensional Ultrasound for Physical and Virtual Fetal Heart Models: Current Status and Future Perspectives
Bravo‐Valenzuela, N. J., Giffoni, M. C., Nieblas, C. D. O., Werner, H., Tonni, G., Granese, R., Gonçalves, L. F., & Júnior, E. A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13247605 · Cited by 9
The maternal exposure of digoxin and flecainide in relation to the safety and effectiveness in the treatment of non-hydropic fetal tachycardia
Smeets, R. M. A., van Beynum, I. M., van Kesteren, C., Cornette, J. M. J., van der Zande, J. A., Roos‐Hesselink, J. W., Beex-Oosterhuis, M. M., & Flint, R. B. (2025) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2025.05.039 · Cited by 7
A filamentary soft robotic probe for multimodal in utero monitoring of fetal health
Bai, H., Zhou, J., Wu, M., Papastefan, S. T., Li, X., Zhang, H., Zhao, K., Zhang, Z., Ouyang, W., Redden, C. R., et al. (2026) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-025-01605-3 · Cited by 7
Diagnostic Value of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis for Fetal Congenital Heart Defects with Different Cardiac Phenotypes and Extracardiac Abnormalities
Zhang, S., Pei, Y., Wang, J., Han, J., Xiong, X., Yan, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, Y., Su, F., Xu, J., et al. (2023) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics13081493 · Cited by 7
Interaction between ozone and paternal smoking on fetal congenital heart defects among pregnant women at high risk: a multicenter maternal–fetal medicine study
Wang, H., Ruan, Y., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Wan, X., He, Y., Li, J., & Zou, Z. (2023) · World Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s12519-023-00755-1 · Cited by 8
Socioeconomic Determinants of Health: Remoteness From Care
Eckersley, L. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2024.01.015 · Cited by 7
Fetal Echocardiography From 10 to 15 Weeks of Gestation—Reliability, Genetic Associations, and Outcomes
Rittey, L., Davidson, H., Hornberger, L. K., Eckersley, L., Boehme, C., & McBrien, A. (2024) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2024.08.012 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Maternal exposure to ambient ozone and fetal congenital heart defects: a national multicenter study in China
Wang, Y., Ruan, Y., Wan, X., Wang, H., Guo, J., Wei, J., Ma, S., He, Y., Zou, Z., & Li, J. (2024) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/s41370-024-00716-4 · Cited by 7
Wavelet-based algorithms for noninvasive fetal ECG post-processing: A methodological review
Baldazzi, G., Corda, M., Solinas, G., & Pani, D. (2025) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2025.108350 · Cited by 7
Ventricular Tachycardia in a Fetus: Benign Course of a Malignant Arrhythmia
Saileela, R., Sachdeva, S., Saggu, D. K., & Koneti, N. R. (2018) · The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India · doi:10.1007/s13224-018-1147-z · Cited by 7
The Incremental Benefit of Color Tissue Doppler in Fetal Arrhythmia Assessment
Alvarez, S. G. V., Khoo, N. S., Colen, T., McBrien, A., Eckersley, L., Brooks, P. A., Savard, W., & Hornberger, L. K. (2018) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2018.08.009 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Physiological Changes of the Immune System During Pregnancy
Narayan, B., & Nelson‐Piercy, C. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43477-9_15 · Cited by 8
Prenatal diagnosis and management of fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmia and postnatal outcomes
Demirci, O., Tosun, Ö., & Bolat, G. (2022) · Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction · doi:10.1016/j.jogoh.2022.102323 · Cited by 7
Alterations in cardiac output in fetuses with congenital heart disease
Sethi, N., Gai, J., Bost, J. E., & Donofrio, M. T. (2022) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.6193 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
“I Just Want You to Hear That Term”: Characterizing Language Used in Fetal Cardiology Consultations
Schweiberger, K. A., Harris, K. W., Kavanaugh-McHugh, A. L., Soudi, A., Arnold, R. M., Merlin, J. S., Kasparian, N. A., & Chang, J. C. (2023) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd10090394 · Cited by 7
A step-wise approach for analysis of the mouse embryonic heart using 17.6 Tesla MRI
Gabbay‐Benziv, R., Reece, E. A., Wang, F., Bar‐Shir, A., Harman, C. R., Turan, O. M., Yang, P., & Turan, Ş. (2016) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.mri.2016.08.008 · Cited by 7
Cutaneous Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
Ramphul, K., Mejias, S. G., & Ramphul-Sicharam, Y. (2018) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.2212 · Cited by 7
The role of regional prenatal cardiac screening for congenital heart disease: A single center experience
Pasierb, M. M., Peñalver, J. M., Vernon, M. M., & Arya, B. (2018) · Congenital Heart Disease · doi:10.1111/chd.12611 · Cited by 7
Morphine-induced supraventricular tachycardia in near-term fetus
Zanardo, V., Simbi, A., Parotto, M., Severino, L., Carta, R., Guerrini, P., & Straface, G. (2018) · The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s13052-018-0570-1 · Cited by 7
A portable prototype for diagnosing fetal arrhythmia
Corona-Figueroa, A. (2019) · Informatics in Medicine Unlocked · doi:10.1016/j.imu.2019.100268 · Cited by 7
Is a Fetal Echocardiography Necessary in IVF‐ICSI Pregnancies After Anatomic Survey?
Aderibigbe, O. A., & Ranzini, A. C. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Ultrasound · doi:10.1002/jcu.22850 · Cited by 7
Heart Disease in Pregnancy
Coulter, S., Lew, J., & Jenny, B. E. (2019) · Cardiovascular medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2840-3_12 · Cited by 5
Effects of maternal anti-Ro/La antibodies on fetal atrioventricular conduction evaluated with echocardiography: a state-of-the-art review
Fan, Y.-T., & Deng, Y.-B. (2025) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-025-08092-6 · Cited by 6
The Fetal 3‐Vessel Views: An Illustrative Case‐Based Tutorial
Anton, T., Sklansky, M. S., Perez, M., & Pretorius, D. H. (2019) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.15067 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Advances in interdisciplinary care for term and preterm neonates with congenital heart disease: a narrative review
Lima, G., Thomas, A. R., Bradford, V. R., Morton, S. U., Sperotto, F., & Levy, P. T. (2026) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-025-06712-6 · Cited by 9
Growth patterns in fetuses with isolated cardiac defects
Haveman, I., Fleurke‐Rozema, J. H., Mulder, E. J. H., Benders, M. J. N. L., Sarvaas, G. D. M., ter Heide, H., de Heus, R., & Bilardo, C. M. (2018) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.5242 · Cited by 6
Application effect of gastrointestinal bundle nursing on the protection of gastrointestinal function in patients with gastric cancer
Wei, X., Cai, W.-Y., Wu, K.-L., & Zeng, F.-G. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000034308 · Cited by 8
Fetal Cardiovascular MR Imaging
Maher, S., & Seed, M. (2024) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mric.2024.04.008 · Cited by 6
The New Frontiers of Fetal Imaging: MRI Insights into Cardiovascular and Thoracic Structures
Cundari, G., Galea, N., Mascio, D. D., Gennarini, M., Ventriglia, F., Curti, F., Dodaro, M., Rizzo, G., Catalano, C., Giancotti, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13164598 · Cited by 6
Management of Cardiovascular Health Issues in Turner Syndrome: Expert Insights and Expanded Recommendations From the 2024 Guideline Development Team
Groote, K. D., Patel, S. R., Mortensen, K. H., Witvrouwen, I., Duijnhouwer, A. L., Brown, N. M., Grewal, J., Chatfield, K. C., Dorfman, A. T., & Prakash, S. K. (2025) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.32139 · Cited by 8
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection ( TAPVC ): A familial cluster of 3 siblings
Acevedo, J. M., Lee, S., Gotteiner, N. L., Lay, A. S., & Patel, A. (2017) · Echocardiography · doi:10.1111/echo.13665 · Cited by 6
Management of Pregnancy and Delivery in Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Anomalies
Ramašauskaitė, D. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.71802 · Cited by 6
Importancia del diagnóstico prenatal de las cardiopatías congénitas
Copado, Y., García, A. M., & Gallegos, S. A. (2018) · Perinatología y Reproducción Humana · doi:10.1016/j.rprh.2018.08.001 · Cited by 6
Operator experience impact on the evaluation of still images of a first trimester cardiac assessment protocol
Herghelegiu, C. G., Duţă, S., Neacşu, A., Suciu, N., & Veduță, A. (2020) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2020.1774873 · Cited by 6
The Multifaced Perspectives of Genetic Testing in Pediatric Cardiomyopathies and Channelopathies
Popa‐Fotea, N., Cojocaru, C., Scafa‐Udriște, A., Micheu, M. M., & Dorobanţu, M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9072111 · Cited by 7
Prenatal features, associated co‐morbidities and clinical course of agenesis of the ductus venosus in the current era
McBrien, A., Caluseriu, O., Niederhoffer, K. Y., & Hornberger, L. K. (2020) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.5827 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease in an Isolated Single Umbilical Artery Is Low at a Tertiary Referral Center
Tai, C. P., Conner, T. M., Pevyandi, S., & Moon‐Grady, A. J. (2020) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.15542 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Discrepancy Between Pre- and Postnatal Diagnoses of Congenital Heart Disease and Impact on Neonatal Clinical Course ― A Retrospective Study at a Japanese Tertiary Institution ―
Kurosaki, K., Kitano, M., Sakaguchi, H., Shiraishi, I., Iwanaga, N., Yoshimatsu, J., Hoashi, T., Ichikawa, H., & Yasuda, S. (2020) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-20-0316 · Cited by 6
Software for Statistical Processing and Modeling of a Set of Synchronously Registered Cardio Signals of Different Physical Nature
Lupenko, S. A., Lytvynenko, I., Сверстюк, А. С., Shelestovskyi, B., & Horkunenko, A. (2021) · doi:10.32782/cmis/2864-17 · Cited by 6
Segmentation of ten fetal heart components with coarse‐to‐fine cascading and dynamic feature powering
Yang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhu, M., Wang, Y., An, S., Gu, X., Liu, X., Han, J., He, Y., & Zhu, H. (2022) · IET Image Processing · doi:10.1049/ipr2.12597 · Cited by 6
Four-dimensional fetal cardiac imaging in a cohort of fetuses with suspected congenital heart disease
Rubert, N. C., Jategaonkar, G., Plasencia, J. D., Lindblade, C. L., Bardo, D. M. E., & Gonçalves, L. F. (2022) · Pediatric Radiology · doi:10.1007/s00247-022-05500-w · Cited by 6
Perinatal Management of Pregnancies with Fetal Congenital Anomalies: A Guide to Obstetricians and Pediatricians
Mangla, M., & Anne, R. P. (2022) · Current Pediatric Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573396318666221005142001 · Cited by 6
Neurodevelopmental outcome after antenatal therapy for fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmia: 3‐year follow‐up of multicenter trial
Miyoshi, T., Maeno, Y. V., Matsuda, T., Ito, Y., Inamura, N., Kim, K. ‐., Shiraishi, I., Kurosaki, K., Ikeda, T., Sago, H., et al. (2022) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.26113 · Cited by 6
Implications of United States Supreme Court's ruling on Dobbs vs Jackson Women's Health Organization: perspective of physicians caring for critically ill fetuses and newborns
Arya, B., Donofrio, M. T., Freud, L. R., Hornberger, L. K., Moon‐Grady, A. J., Morris, S. A., Pinto, N. M., Simpson, L. L., Cuneo, B. F., Divanovic, A. A., et al. (2022) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.26107 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Metrological requirements for biomedical device assessment and their ethical implications
Monteiro, E. C., & Summers, R. (2022) · Measurement Sensors · doi:10.1016/j.measen.2022.100574 · Cited by 6
The use of cardiac ultrasound imaging in first‐trimester prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart diseases
Ximenes, R. L. D. S., Bravo‐Valenzuela, N. J., Pares, D. B. S., & Júnior, E. A. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Ultrasound · doi:10.1002/jcu.23330 · Cited by 7
Associated factors for prenatally diagnosed fetal congenital heart diseases
Ruan, Y., Xie, Z., Liu, X., & He, Y. (2023) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-022-02981-3 · Cited by 8
Clinical utility of repeat fetal echocardiography in congenital heart disease
Barris, D. M., Mikhno, M., Kornblit, M., Wang, K., Duong, S. Q., Cohen, J. M., Paul, E., Stern, K. W. D., Ezon, D., & Geiger, M. (2023) · Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1002/uog.26240 · Cited by 6
Utility of Screening Fetal Echocardiograms at a Single Institution Following Normal Obstetric Ultrasound in Fetuses with Down Syndrome
Taylor, K., Lovelace, C., Richards, B., Tseng, S. Y., Ogunleye, O. K., & Cua, C. L. (2023) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-023-03183-0 · Cited by 6
Prognosis and outcome of intrauterine treatment of fetuses with critical congenital heart disease
Zhao, L., Wang, L., Xia, H., Wu, Y., Jiao, X., Zhu, H., Chen, S., & Sun, K. (2023) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000002796 · Cited by 6
Echocardiographic characteristics and clinical outcomes in fetuses with pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
Pang, C., Wang, Y., Shen, J., Yang, L., Li, Y., & Pan, W. X. (2023) · Pediatrics & Neonatology · doi:10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.05.010 · Cited by 6
Successful Management of Fetal Torsades de Pointes and Long QT Syndrome by a Cardio-Obstetrical Team
Putra, M., Lee, Y. M., Bucholz, E. M., Ross, E. L., Galan, H. L., Behrendt, N. J., Micke, K. C., Chow, F. S., Zaretsky, M. V., & Cuneo, B. F. (2023) · JACC Case Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.102110 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Associations of maternal exposure to multiple plasma trace elements with the prevalence of fetal congenital heart defects: A nested case-control study
Nie, Z., Xu, H., Qiu, M. R., Liu, M., Chu, C., Bloom, M. S., & Ou, Y. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169409 · Cited by 6
Genetic testing for inherited cardiovascular diseases. A position statement of the Polish Cardiac Society endorsed by Polish Society of Human Genetics and Cardiovascular Patient Communities.
Biernacka, E., Osadnik, T., Bilińska, Z., Krawczyński, M., Latos-Bieleńska, A., Laczmanska, I., Miszczak-Knecht, M., Płoski, R., Ponińska, J., Prejbisz, A., et al. (2024) · Kardiologia polska · doi:10.33963/v.phj.100490 · Cited by 9
Association between parental decisions regarding abortion and severity of fetal heart disease
Nakao, M., Kuwabara, M., Saito, M., Horiuchi, C., Morisaki, H., Kishiki, K., Hamamichi, Y., Orui, I., Ono, R., Suzuki, R., et al. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-66027-8 · Cited by 6
Seventeen years of prenatal magnetic resonance imaging at the Institute of Mother and Child in Warsaw
Bekiesińska‐Figatowska, M., Romaniuk-Doroszewska, A., Brągoszewska, H., Iwanowska, B., Szkudlińska-Pawlak, S., Mądzik, J., Duczkowski, M., Krupa, K., Cabaj, A., Kwaśniewicz, P., et al. (2018) · Polish Journal of Radiology · doi:10.5114/pjr.2018.74431 · Cited by 6
Understanding the Limitations of Fetal Cardiac Imaging
Schneider, P. D., & Groner, A. (2018) · NeoReviews · doi:10.1542/neo.19-3-e134 · Cited by 6
Neonatal echocardiogram in duodenal obstruction is unnecessary after normal fetal cardiac imaging
Stephens, C. Q., Dukhovny, S. E., Rowland, K. J., & Hamilton, N. A. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.04.039 · Cited by 6
Reliability of Sonography‐based Volume Computer Aided Diagnosis in the Normal Fetal Heart
Hu, W. Y., Yu, Y. C., Dai, L. Y., Li, S. Y., & Zhao, B. (2020) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/jum.15469 · Cited by 6
Ventricular noncompaction and long QT syndrome – A deadly double hit for the foetus
Cherian, A. G., Lankala, P., Krupa, J., & Roshan, J. (2021) · Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ipej.2021.03.001 · Cited by 6
Transition of maternal serum concentration of digoxin and flecainide in the third trimester—A case report of fetal supraventricular tachycardia with hydrops
Takatsuka, H., Wakabayashi, K., Yamazaki, S., Tanaka, H., Omoto, A., Suzuki, T., Shozu, M., & Ishii, I. (2021) · Clinical Case Reports · doi:10.1002/ccr3.3992 · Cited by 6
Fetal Cardiac Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Does It Affect Parental Counseling?
Kovacevic, A., Bär, S., Starystach, S., Elsässer, M., van der Locht, T., Motlagh, A. M., Ostermayer, E., Oberhoffer, R., Ewert, P., Gorenflo, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10153423 · Cited by 6
Dextro-transposition of the great arteries in one twin: case reports and literature review
Hu, Q., Deng, C., Zhu, Q., Yang, X., Liu, H., Liao, H., Wang, X., & Yu, H. (2022) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp-21-569 · Cited by 6
Screening for fetal congenital heart disease
Pham, A., & Melchior, M. (2017) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.160700 · Cited by 6

Authors: Donofrio, M. T., Moon-Grady, A. J., Hornberger, L. K., Copel, J. A., Sklansky, M. S., Abuhamad, A., Cuneo, B. F., Huhta, J. C., Jonas, R. A., Krishnan, A., Lacey, S., Lee, W., Michelfelder, E. C., Rempel, G. R., Silverman, N. H., Spray, T. L., Strasburger, J. F., Tworetzky, W., & Rychik, J.
ORCID: Donofrio, Mary T.
Hornberger, Lisa K.
Copel, Joshua A.
Sklansky, Mark S.
Cuneo, Bettina F.
Huhta, James C.
Jonas, Richard A.
Krishnan, Anita
Lee, Wesley
Michelfelder, Erik C.
Rempel, Gwen R.
Strasburger, Janette F.
Tworetzky, Wayne
Rychik, Jack
Venue: Circulation
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2014-05-27
Volume: 129
Issue: 21
Pages: 2183-2242
ISSN: 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d
OpenAlex: W2007344602
Cited by: 1,275
References: 599
Citations by year: 2026: 117 · 2025: 128 · 2024: 147 · 2023: 151 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 124 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 8
FWCI: 50.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2014-05-27)
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Circulation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
Keywords: congenital heart disease, fetal arrhythmia, fetal echocardiography, fetal MRI, fetal magnetocardiography, fetal electrocardiogram, fetal heart failure, twin-twin transfusion syndrome, delivery planning, prenatal diagnosis, parental counseling, parental depression
MeSH terms: American Heart Association, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital, Heart Diseases, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Diagnosis, United States, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Diagnosis and Treatment of Fetal Cardiac Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks