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Cited by 476Thyroid Disorders and TreatmentsCardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmiasCardiovascular Function and Risk Factors

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year.

The thyroid and the heart.

Polikar, R, Burger, A G, Scherrer, U, Nicod, P·1993·Circulation
DOI 10.1161/01.cir.87.5.1435
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Abstract

Cardiovascular manifestations are a frequent finding in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid states. In this review, potential mechanisms by which thyroid hormones may exert their cardiovascular effects and pathophysiological consequences of such effects are briefly discussed. Two major concepts have emerged about how thyroid hormones exert their cardiovascular effects. First, there is increasing evidence that thyroid hormones exert direct effects on the myocardium, which are mediated by stimulation of specific nuclear receptors, which in turn leads to specific mRNAs production. Furthermore, there is some evidence that thyroid hormones may also activate extranuclear sites and may directly alter plasma membrane function. Second, thyroid hormones interact with the sympathetic nervous system by altering responsiveness to sympathetic stimulation presumably by modulating adrenergic receptor function and/or density. Pathophysiological consequences of such direct and indirect thyroid hormone effects include increased myocardial contractility and relaxation that may be related to stimulation by T3 of specific myocardial enzymes. However, when left ventricular hypertrophy occurs in association with hyperthyroidism, it may be related to either direct thyroid hormone-induced stimulation of myocardial protein synthesis or to thyrotoxicosis-induced increases in cardiac work load. Although hyperthyroidism generally has little or no effect on mean arterial blood pressure, hypothyroidism is often as…

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Metadata

Authors
Polikar, R., Burger, A. G., Scherrer, U., & Nicod, P.
Affiliations
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
ORCID
Burger, A G
Venue
Circulation
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1993-05
Volume
87
Issue
5
Pages
1435-1441
ISSN
  • 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4539
DOI
10.1161/01.cir.87.5.1435
OpenAlex
W2069934475
Cited by
475
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 13
FWCI
9.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Circulation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS (submittedVersion)
  • SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
Keywords
thyroid hormones, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, cardiovascular effects, myocardium, nuclear receptors, sympathetic nervous system, adrenergic receptors, left ventricular hypertrophy, thyrotoxicosis, blood pressure, chronotropic effect, cardiac contractility
MeSH terms
Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Thyroid Diseases

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