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Chronic exercise in dogs increases coronary vascular nitric oxide production and endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase gene expression.
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that chronic exercise increases endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)/nitric oxide (NO)-mediated epicardial coronary artery dilation in response to brief occlusion and acetylcholine. This finding suggests that exercise can provide a stimulus for the enhanced production of EDRF/NO, thus possibly contributing to the beneficial effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine whether chronic exercise could influence the production of NO (measured as the stable degradation product, nitrite) and endothelial cell NO synthase (ECNOS) gene expression in vessels from dogs after chronic exercise. To this end, dogs were exercised by running on a treadmill (9.5 km/h for 1 hour, twice daily) for 10 days, and nitrite production in large coronary vessels and microvessels and ECNOS gene expression in aortic endothelial extracts were assessed. Acetylcholine (10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/L) dose-dependently increased the release of nitrite (inhibited by nitro-L-arginine) from coronary arteries and microvessels in control and exercised dogs. Moreover, acetylcholine-stimulated nitrite production was markedly enhanced in large coronary arteries and microvessels prepared from hearts of dogs after chronic exercise compared with hearts from control dogs. One potential mechanism that may contribute to the enhanced production of nitrite in vessels from exercised dogs may be the induction of the calcium-dependent ECNOS gene. Steady-state mRNA levels for ECNOS were significantly higher than mRNA levels for von Willebrand's factor (vWF, a specific endothelial cell marker) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, a constitutively expressed gene) in exercised dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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“One important activator of production of NO in the endothelium is shear stress (43, 163).”
From Red Blood Cell Function and Dysfunction: Redox Regulation, Nitric Oxide Metabolism, Anemia (2017) · cites this paper as [163]
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“Moreover, continuous physical exercise on dogs has been shown to increase eNOS expression and the consequent benefits of exercise on the vascular system has been reported (27).”
BackgroundCoronary nitric oxide production controls cardiac substrate metabolism during pregnancy in the dog
Williams, J. G., Ojaimi, C., Qanud, K., Zhang, S., Xu, X., Recchia, F. A., & Hintze, T. H. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01196.2007 · Cited by 18
“(24) showed that the primary stimulus for the production of NO by eNOS found in blood vessels is most likely the shear stress, the frictional force, caused by blood flow.”
BackgroundSelf-citationEffect of swimming on vascular reactivity to phenylephrine and KC1 in male rats
Jansakul, C. (1995) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb14972.x · Cited by 18
Measurement of myocardial free radical production during exercise using EPR spectroscopy
Traverse, J. H., Nesmelov, Y. E., Crampton, M. J., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00412.2005 · Cited by 18
“In a separate group of patients, exercise training improved endothelial function and flow-mediated vasodilation (16) and is consistent with the observation that exercise increases NO production and eNOS gene expression (25) and decreases the NO-mediated destruction by O2 due to increases in vascular antioxidants, such…”
BackgroundEndothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and its functionality
Féron, O. (1999) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/00075197-199907000-00007 · Cited by 18
Scharf, J., Braulke, T., Hartmann, H., & Ramadori, G. P. (2001) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/1097-4652(2000)9999:999 · Cited by 22
The Role of Nutri(epi)genomics in Achieving the Body’s Full Potential in Physical Activity
Petracci, I., Gabbianelli, R., & Bordoni, L. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9060498 · Cited by 19
“Exercise leads to the up-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) mRNA, with resulting increases in the powerful vasodilator NO [21] and superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) [22].”
BackgroundPHYSICAL TRAINING AMELIORATES CHRONIC ALCOHOL-INDUCED HYPERTENSION AND AORTIC REACTIVITY IN RATS
Husain, K. M., Vazquez-Ortiz, M., & Lalla, J. (2006) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl005 · Cited by 17
“Exercise training also generates nitric oxide (NO) in the cardiovascular system by induction of NO synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor (Husain, 2004; Sessa et al., 1993; Wang et al., 1993).”
BackgroundCannistra, L. B., Davidoff, R., Picard, M. H., & Balady, G. J. (1999) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-199911000-00009 · Cited by 17
Exhaled Nitric Oxide During Exercise
Sheel, A. W., ROAD, J. D., & McKenzie, D. C. (1999) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-199928020-00003 · Cited by 17
Modulation of Endothelial Cell Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression
Harrison, D. G., Inoue, N., Ohara, Y., et al. (1996) · Japanese Circulation Journal-english Edition · doi:10.1253/jcj.60.815 · Cited by 17
Exercise training in adverse cardiac remodeling
Duncker, D. J., van Deel, E. D., de Waard, M. C., de Boer, M., Merkus, D., & van der Velden, J. (2014) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-014-1464-8 · Cited by 16
“In view of the critical role of the endothelium in modulating the progression of ventricular and vascular remodeling in heart failure, the beneficial effects of exercise on cardiac function could be due, at least in part, to an exercise-induced increase in expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Sessa, W. C., Pritchard, K., Seyedi, N., Wang, J., & Hintze, T. H.
- Affiliations
- New York Medical College (US)
- Venue
- Circulation Research
- Published
- 1994-02
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 349-353
- ISSN
- 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4571
- OpenAlex
- W2125823894
- Cited by
- 934
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 32.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL043023, P01 HL 43023)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- exercise training, nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, coronary arteries, coronary microvessels, nitrite production, endothelium-derived relaxing factor, acetylcholine, von Willebrand factor, aortic endothelial cells, treadmill running, dogs
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Oxidoreductases, Animals, Coronary Vessels, Dogs, Endothelium, Vascular, Physical Exertion, Female, Male, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, RNA, Time Factors, Gene Expression, Nitric Oxide Synthase
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