Metabolism of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and Not Other Small Apolipoproteins

Mendivil, Carlos O.; Zheng, Chunyu; Furtado, Jeremy; Lel, Julian; Sacks, Frank M.

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.109.197830

Cited by 145Lipid metabolism and disordersLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

Metabolism of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and Not Other Small Apolipoproteins

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Mendivil, Carlos O., Zheng, Chunyu, Furtado, Jeremy, Lel, Julian, Sacks, Frank M.·2010·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

DOI 10.1161/atvbaha.109.197830PMC PMC2818784

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Abstract

Objective— We aimed to clarify the influence of apolipoprotein C-III (apoCIII) on human apolipoprotein B metabolism. Methods and Results— We studied the kinetics of 4 very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) types containing: (1) otherApos−CIII−: none of apoCIII, apoAII, apoCI, apoCII, or apoE; (2) otherApos+CIII−: no apoCIII but at least one of the others; (3) otherApos−CIII+: apoCIII, but not any others; and (4) otherApos+CIII+: apoCIII and at least one other. VLDL and IDL otherApos−CIII+ and otherApos−CIII− had similar rates of lipolytic conversion to smaller particles. However, light LDL otherApos−CIII+ compared with otherApos−CIII− had much faster conversion to dense LDL as did light LDL otherApos+CIII+ compared with otherApos+CIII−. VLDL and IDL otherApos−CIII+ had minimal direct removal from circulation, whereas VLDL and IDL otherApos+CIII−, rich in apoE, showed fast clearance. Lipoproteins in fraction otherApos+CIII+ also rich in apoE had very low clearance. Conclusions— The results suggest that apoCIII strongly inhibits hepatic uptake of VLDL and IDL overriding the opposite influence of apoE when both are present. The presence of apoCIII on dense VLDL is not associated with slow conversion to IDL, a lipoprotein lipase-dependent process; but when on light LDL, apoCIII is associated with enhanced conversion to dense LDL, a process involving hepatic lipase.

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Nearly all VLDL particles containing APOC-III undergo intravascular triglyceride lipolysis, generating LDL particles that also contain APOC-III.
“Studies have shown that nearly all VLDL particles containing APOC-III undergo intravascular triglyceride lipolysis, generating LDL particles that also contain APOC-III [25–27].”
From The Efficacy and Safety of Plozasiran on Lipid Profile in Dyslipidemic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2026) · cites this paper as [27]
The Abstract’s Methods and Results report lipolytic conversion of APOC-III-containing VLDL and minimal direct removal from circulation, supporting conversion toward LDL. But the Discussion reports that some particles shed APOC-III during conversion, so the paper does not establish that nearly all such VLDL generate LDL that still contains APOC-III. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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[25]Ebara T Ramakrishnan R Steiner G Shachter N Chylomicronemia due to Apolipoprotein CIII Overexpression in Apolipoprotein E-null Mice J Clin Invest 1997 99 2672 2681 9169497 PMC508113

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Metabolism of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and Not Other
Apolipoproteins, S., Mendivil, C. O., Zheng, C., Furtado, J., Lel, J., & Sacks, F. M. (2016)
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Authors: Mendivil, C. O., Zheng, C., Furtado, J., Lel, J., & Sacks, F. M.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Mendivil, Carlos O.
Furtado, Jeremy
Lel, Julian
Sacks, Frank M.
Venue: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2010-02
Volume: 30
Issue: 2
Pages: 239-245
ISSN: 1079-5642 (ISSN-L)
1524-4636
DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.197830
PMC: PMC2818784
OpenAlex: W2116648398
Cited by: 145
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 4.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2010-09-01)
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01hl034980-07)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL56210, R01HL069376, R01HL056210, RR-02635, R01HL-34980, R01 HL, HL34980)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK040561)
National Center for Research Resources (RR02635, M01RR002635)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords: apolipoprotein C-III, apolipoprotein B, VLDL, intermediate density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, lipoprotein metabolism, hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic uptake, lipoprotein clearance, apolipoprotein E, lipolysis
MeSH terms: Adult, Apolipoproteins B, Apolipoproteins E, Dietary Fats, Female, Humans, Kinetics, Lipase, Lipoprotein Lipase, Lipoproteins, LDL, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Triglycerides, Apolipoprotein C-III, Lipoproteins, IDL

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Metabolism of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and Not Other Small Apolipoproteins

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