The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (Fish Oil) Supplementation and the Prevention of Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association
Open accessAbstract
Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, commonly called fish oils) on the occurrence of clinical cardiovascular diseases. Although the effects of supplementation for the primary prevention of clinical cardiovascular events in the general population have not been examined, RCTs have assessed the role of supplementation in secondary prevention among patients with diabetes mellitus and prediabetes, patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease, and those with prevalent coronary heart disease. In this scientific advisory, we take a clinical approach and focus on common indications for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements related to the prevention of clinical cardiovascular events. We limited the scope of our review to large RCTs of supplementation with major clinical cardiovascular disease end points; meta-analyses were considered secondarily. We discuss the features of available RCTs and provide the rationale for our recommendations. We then use existing American Heart Association criteria to assess the strength of the recommendation and the level of evidence. On the basis of our review of the cumulative evidence from RCTs designed to assess the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on clinical cardiovascular events, we update prior recommendations for patients with prevalent coronary heart disease, and we offer recommendations, when data are available, for patients with other clinical indications, including patients with diabetes mellitus and prediabetes and those with high risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
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In the citing paper
“There is a lack of evidence that OM3FA treatment reduces CV events in patients with hypertriglyceridemia of any severity, as recently reviewed by Siscovick and colleagues [8].”
From Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review (2017) · cites this paper as [8]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The American Heart Association scientific statements currently recommend n-3 PUFA supplements for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease 15 and in management of hypertriglyceridemia 16 .”
From Effects of n-3 Fatty Acid Supplements in Elderly Patients After Myocardial Infarction (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
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“However, reduction in atherosclerosis in animal models or humans by administration of OM3FAs has not been convincingly demonstrated [8, 11].”
In the citing paper
“Based on the latest meta-analysis (17) and American Heart Association Scientific Statement (18), there is modest support for their use.”
From Cardiovascular Impact of Nutritional Supplementation With Omega-3 Fatty Acids (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“Despite extensive interest and research, there is a lack of consistent support for OM-3 dietary supplements in CV risk reduction.”
From Critical Differences Between Dietary Supplement and Prescription Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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Citations
Cites
Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease
Kris-Etherton, P. M., Harris, W. S., & Appel, L. J. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000038493.65177.94 · Cited by 3,707
Self-citationBurr, M. L., Gilbert, J. F., Holliday, R. M., Elwood, P. C., Fehily, A. M., Rogers, S., Sweetnam, P. M., & Deadman, N. M. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)90828-3 · Cited by 2,610
Yokoyama, M., Origasa, H., Matsuzaki, M., Matsuzawa, Y., Saito, Y., Ishikawa, Y., Oikawa, S., Sasaki, J., Hishida, H., Itakura, H., et al. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60527-3 · Cited by 2,516
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Fish Intake, Contaminants, and Human Health: Evaluating the Risks and the Benefits
Mozaffarian, D., & Rimm, E. B. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.296.15.1885 · Cited by 1,966
Self-citationTriglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Miller, M., Stone, N. J., Ballantyne, C., Bittner, V., Criqui, M. H., Ginsberg, H. N., Goldberg, A. C., Howard, W. J., Jacobson, M. S., Kris-Etherton, P. M., et al. (2011) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182160726 · Cited by 1,871
Self-citationOmega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease
Mozaffarian, D., & Wu, J. H. Y. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.06.063 · Cited by 1,771
Self-citationGISSI-HF investigators (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61239-8 · Cited by 1,350
Marchioli, R., Barzi, F., Bomba, E., Chieffo, C., Di Gregorio, D., Di Mascio, R., Franzosi, M. G., Geraci, E., Levantesi, G., Maggioni, A. P., et al. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000014682.14181.f2 · Cited by 1,311
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Virani, S. S., Alonso, A., Benjamin, E. J., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Delling, F. N., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000757 · Cited by 9,175
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000659 · Cited by 9,036
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Anderson, C. A. M., Arora, P., Avery, C. L., Baker-Smith, C. M., Beaton, A. Z., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001123 · Cited by 8,300
Heart disease and stroke statistics-2018 update: a report from the american heart association
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146
Self-citationHeart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Tsao, C. W., Aday, A. W., Almarzooq, Z. I., Alonso, A., Beaton, A. Z., Bittencourt, M. S., Boehme, A. K., Buxton, A. E., Carson, A. P., Commodore-Mensah, Y., et al. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001052 · Cited by 5,987
Metadata
- Authors
- Siscovick, D. S., Barringer, T. A., Fretts, A. M., Wu, J. H. Y., Lichtenstein, A. H., Costello, R. B., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Jacobson, T. A., Engler, M. B., Alger, H. M., Appel, L. J., & Mozaffarian, D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2017-04-11
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- e867-e884
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- PMC
- PMC6903779
- OpenAlex
- W2597054569
- Cited by
- 629
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 90 · 2018: 100 · 2017: 40
- FWCI
- 9.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL101236, R01HL085710)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Keywords
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, cardiovascular disease prevention, secondary prevention, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, prediabetes, high cardiovascular risk, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation
- MeSH terms
- Atrial Fibrillation, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Fish Oils, Heart Failure, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Humans, Primary Prevention, Risk, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Dietary Supplements, Stroke, Diabetes Complications, Secondary Prevention
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