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Hydrogen Sulfide as Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Sulfhydrates Potassium Channels

Open access
Mustafa, Asif K., Sikka, Gautam, Gazi, Sadia K., Steppan, Jochen, Jung, Sung M., Bhunia, Anil K., Barodka, Viachaslau M., Gazi, Farah K., Barrow, Roxanne K., Wang, Rui, Amzel, L. Mario, Berkowitz, Dan E., Snyder, Solomon H.·2011·Circulation Research

Abstract

Rationale: Nitric oxide, the classic endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), acts through cyclic GMP and calcium without notably affecting membrane potential. A major component of EDRF activity derives from hyperpolarization and is termed endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a prominent EDRF, since mice lacking its biosynthetic enzyme, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), display pronounced hypertension with deficient vasorelaxant responses to acetylcholine. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if H 2 S is a major physiological EDHF. Methods and Results: We now show that H 2 S is a major EDHF because in blood vessels of CSE-deleted mice, hyperpolarization is virtually abolished. H 2 S acts by covalently modifying (sulfhydrating) the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, as mutating the site of sulfhydration prevents H 2 S-elicited hyperpolarization. The endothelial intermediate conductance (IK Ca ) and small conductance (SK Ca ) potassium channels mediate in part the effects of H 2 S, as selective IK Ca and SK Ca channel inhibitors, charybdotoxin and apamin, inhibit glibenclamide-insensitive, H 2 S-induced vasorelaxation. Conclusions: H 2 S is a major EDHF that causes vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization and vasorelaxation by activating the ATP-sensitive, intermediate conductance and small conductance potassium channels through cysteine S -sulfhydration. Because EDHF activity is a principal determinant of vasorelaxation in numerous vascular beds, drugs influencing H 2 S biosynthesis offer therapeutic potential.

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Crossref · 10.1161/circresaha.111.240242

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Metadata

Authors
Mustafa, A. K., Sikka, G., Gazi, S. K., Steppan, J., Jung, S. M., Bhunia, A. K., Barodka, V. M., Gazi, F. K., Barrow, R. K., Wang, R., Amzel, L. M., Berkowitz, D. E., & Snyder, S. H.
Venue
Circulation Research
Published
2011-11-11
Volume
109
Issue
11
Pages
1259-1268
ISSN
  • 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4571
OpenAlex
W2131577505
Cited by
622
References
7
FWCI
17.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hydrogen Sulfide as Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Sulfhydrates Potassium Channels. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1161/circresaha.111.240242
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Mustafa, A. K., Sikka, G., Gazi, S. K., Steppan, J., Jung, S. M., Bhunia, A. K., Barodka, V. M., Gazi, F. K., Barrow, R. K., Wang, R., Amzel, L. M., Berkowitz, D. E., & Snyder, S. H. (2011). Hydrogen Sulfide as Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor Sulfhydrates Potassium Channels. Circulation Research. https://doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.111.240242

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