Cited by 362Sulfur Compounds in BiologyPoisoning and overdose treatmentsBiomedical and Chemical Research

Cytochrome Oxidase Inhibition Induced by Acute Hydrogen Sulfide Inhalation: Correlation with Tissue Sulfide Concentrations in the Rat Brain, Liver, Lung, and Nasal Epithelium

Dorman, D. C.·2002·Toxicological Sciences

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important brain, lung, and nose toxicant. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase is the primary biochemical effect associated with lethal H2S exposure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of sulfide and cytochrome oxidase activity in target tissues following acute exposure to sublethal concentrations of inhaled H2S. Hindbrain, lung, liver, and nasal (olfactory and respiratory epithelial) cytochrome oxidase activity and sulfide concentrations were determined in adult male CD rats immediately after a 3-h exposure to H2S (10, 30, 80, 200, and 400 ppm). We also determined lung sulfide and sulfide metabolite concentrations at 0, 1.5, 3, 3.25, 3.5, 4, 5, and 7 h after the start of a 3-h H2S exposure to 400 ppm. Lung sulfide concentrations increased during H2S exposure and rapidly returned to endogenous levels within 15 min after the cessation of the 400-ppm exposure. Lung sulfide metabolite concentrations were transiently increased immediately after the end of the 3-h H2S exposure. Decreased cytochrome oxidase activity was observed in the olfactory epithelium following exposure to > or = 30 ppm H2S. Increased olfactory epithelial sulfide concentrations were observed following exposure to 400 ppm H2S. Hindbrain and nasal respiratory epithelial sulfide concentrations were unaffected by acute H2S exposure. Nasal respiratory epithelial cytochrome oxidase activity was reduced following acute exposure to > or = 30 ppm H2S. Liver sulfide concentrations were increased following exposure to > or = 200 ppm H2S and cytochrome oxidase activity was increased following inhalation exposure to > or = 10 ppm H2S. Our results suggest that cytochrome oxidase inhibition is a sensitive biomarker of H2S exposure in target tissues, and sulfide concentrations are unlikely to increase postexposure in the brain, lung, or nose following a single 3-h exposure to < or = 30 ppm H2S.

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Authors
Dorman, D. C.
Affiliations
Bristol-Myers Squibb (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Dorman, D. C.
Venue
Toxicological Sciences
Published
2002-01-01
Volume
65
Issue
1
Pages
18-25
ISSN
1096-0929 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2172247722
Cited by
362
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 28
FWCI
3.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Toxicological Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Poisoning and overdose treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Biomedical and Chemical Research
Keywords
hydrogen sulfide, cytochrome c oxidase inhibition, acute inhalation exposure, sulfide concentration, olfactory epithelium, nasal respiratory epithelium, hindbrain, liver, lung, biomarkers of exposure, sublethal exposure
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Electron Transport Complex IV, Hydrogen Sulfide, Liver, Lung, Male, Nasal Mucosa, Sulfates, Thiosulfates, Time Factors, Inhalation Exposure, Toxicity Tests, Acute, Rats

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