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Periconceptional dietary quality and metabolic syndrome at 3 years postpartum

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Bodnar, Lisa M., Jin, Qianhui, Naimi, Ashley I., Simhan, Hyagriv N., Catov, Janet M., Parisi, Sara M., Kirkpatrick, Sharon I.·2024·Journal of the American Heart Association
DOI 10.1161/jaha.124.035555PMC PMC11963925
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The period around pregnancy is a critical window in the primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease, but little is known about the role of dietary patterns in cardiometabolic health. Our objective was to determine the association between alignment of periconceptional diet with the 2020 to 2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the risk of metabolic syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: monitoring mothers-to-Be Heart Health Study, a pregnancy cohort study that followed pregnant participants to a median of 3 years postpartum (n=4423). Usual dietary intake in the 3 months around conception was estimated from a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Alignment with the Dietary Guidelines was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2020, where higher scores represent greater alignment. Postpartum metabolic syndrome was defined using the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guideline. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome at 3 years postpartum was 20%. After adjusting for confounders, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was flat up to a periconceptional Healthy Eating Index-2020 total score of ≈60, and then declined steeply as scores increased. Compared with a Healthy Eating Index-2020 score of 60, having scores of 70, 80, and 90 were associated with 2, 4, and 7 fewer cases of metabolic syndrome per 100 individuals, respectively (prevalence differences: -0.02 [95% CI, -0.03, 0]; -0.04 [-0.08, -0.1]; -0.07 [-0.13, -0.02]). CONCLUSIONS: Dietary interventions around conception and systems-level changes to support high diet quality may be important for improving postpartum cardiometabolic health, and helping to reverse or slow the decline in women's cardiometabolic health.

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  • The quality of periconceptional diets is associated with the probability of developing metabolic syndrome many years later during pregnancy.

    “Notably, the quality of periconceptional diets has also been associated with the probability of developing metabolic syndrome many years later during pregnancy, making it crucial to consider early nutritional exposures (7).”

    From Maternal nutritional status and the risk of metabolic syndrome in pregnancy: implications for public health nutrition (2026) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Discussion (page not available) reports that higher periconceptional diet quality was associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome 2 to 7 years postpartum. The claim gets the association broadly right but places the outcome during pregnancy; the study measured it after pregnancy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Bodnar, L. M., Jin, Q., Naimi, A. I., Simhan, H. N., Catov, J. M., Parisi, S. M., & Kirkpatrick, S. I.
Affiliations
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • Emory University (US)
  • University of Waterloo (CA)
Corresponding author
Bodnar, Lisa M.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Heart Association
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2024-08-20
Volume
13
Issue
16
Pages
e035555-e035555
ISSN
2047-9980 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1161/jaha.124.035555
PMC
PMC11963925
OpenAlex
W4401698228
Cited by
5
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2
FWCI
2.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Journal of the American Heart Association (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001108, UL1TR000124, UL1TR000439, UL1TR000153, 1TR000124)
  • University of California, Irvine (U10 HD063048, U10 HD063047, U10 HD063037, U10 HD063041, U10 HD063020, U10 HD063053, U10 HD063072, U10 HD063036, UL1 TR000153, U10 HD063046)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U10HL119991, U10HL120006, U10HL119992, U10HL120034, HL119991, HL119990, U10HL119990, U10HL120019, U10HL119989, U10HL120018, U10HL119993)
  • National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
  • Office of Research on Women's Health
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (TR001108)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD102313, U10-HL119992, U10HD063053, U10HD063046, U10HD063020, U10HD063072, HD063036, U10HD063048, U10HD063041, U10HD063047, U10HD063036, U10HD063037)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
Keywords
diet quality, metabolic syndrome, Healthy Eating Index-2020, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, nulliparous women, pregnancy
MeSH terms
Diet, Healthy, Adult, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Time Factors, United States, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Metabolic Syndrome, Postpartum Period

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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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