Effects of Physical Activity on Poststroke Cognitive Function: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Background and Purpose— Despite the social, health, and economic burdens associated with cognitive impairment poststroke, there is considerable uncertainty about the types of interventions that might preserve or restore cognitive abilities. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of physical activity (PA) training on cognitive function poststroke and identify intervention and sample characteristics that may moderate treatment effects. Methods— Randomized controlled trials examining the association between structured PA training and cognitive performance poststroke were identified using electronic databases EMBASE and MEDLINE. Intervention effects were represented by Hedges’ g and combined into pooled effect sizes using random- and mixed-effects models. Effect sizes were subjected to moderation analyses using the between-group heterogeneity test. Results— Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria, representing data from 736 participants. The primary analysis yielded a positive overall effect of PA training on cognitive performance (Hedges’ g [95% confidence interval]=0.304 [0.14–0.47]). Mixed-effects analyses demonstrated that combined aerobic and strength training programs generated the largest cognitive gains and that improvements in cognitive performance were achieved even in the chronic stroke phase (mean=2.6 years poststroke). Positive moderate treatment effects were found for attention/processing speed measures (Hedges’ g [confidence interval]=0.37 [0.10–0.63]), while the executive function and working memory domains did not reach significance ( P >0.05). Conclusions— We found a significant positive effect of PA training on cognition poststroke with small to moderate treatment effects that are apparent even in the chronic stroke phase. Our findings support the use of PA training as a treatment strategy to promote cognitive recovery in stroke survivors.
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In patients with acute and chronic stroke, physical activity improves global cognition, attention, memory, and visuospatial abilities.
“In patients with both acute and chronic stroke, PA improves global cognition, attention, memory, and visuospatial abilities (53, 64).”
From Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines (2019) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Oberlin, L. E., Waiwood, A. M., Cumming, T. B., Marsland, A. L., Bernhardt, J., & Erickson, K. I.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Stroke
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3093-3100
- ISSN
- 0039-2499 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4628
- PMC
- PMC5784766
- OpenAlex
- W2754145207
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 12.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Stroke (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Maryland Shared Open Access Repository (USMAI Consortium) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG053952, P30AG024827)
- National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH090333)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T90DA022761)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA196762)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK095172)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity training, post-stroke cognitive impairment, cognitive recovery, aerobic exercise, resistance training, chronic stroke, attention, processing speed, executive function, working memory
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Exercise, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Stroke
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