The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Problem of Biological Individuality
Overview
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Citations
Cites
The genetical theory of natural selection
Fisher, R. A. (1930) · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.27468 · Cited by 17,617
Punishment allows the evolution of cooperation (or anything else) in sizable groups
Boyd, R., & Richerson, P. J. (1992) · Ethology and Sociobiology · doi:10.1016/0162-3095(92)90032-y · Cited by 1,482
Beyond society: the evolution of organismality
Queller, D. C., & Strassmann, J. E. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0095 · Cited by 440
Cleland, C. E., & Chyba, C. F. (2002) · Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere · doi:10.1023/a:1020503324273 · Cited by 347
The germ-plasm : a theory of heredity /
Weismann, A. (1893) · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.168967 · Cited by 210
The Units of Selection Revisited: The Modules of Selection
Brandon, R. N. (1999) · Biology and Philosophy · doi:10.1023/a:1006682200831 · Cited by 78
Cited by
A Symbiotic View of Life: We Have Never Been Individuals
Gilbert, S. F., Sapp, J., & Tauber, A. I. (2012) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/668166 · Cited by 1,201
A conceptual framework for the evolutionary origins of multicellularity
Libby, E., & B Rainey, P. (2013) · Physical Biology · doi:10.1088/1478-3975/10/3/035001 · Cited by 81
Metadata
- Authors
- Clarke, E.
- Venue
- Biological Theory
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 312-325
- ISSN
- 1555-5542 (ISSN-L)
- 1555-5550
- OpenAlex
- W2109402726
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 32.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Problem of Biological Individuality. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1162/biot_a_00068
- The paper
- Clarke, E. (2010). The Problem of Biological Individuality. Biological Theory. https://doi.org/10.1162/biot_a_00068
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
