Overlapping Parietal Activity in Memory and Perception: Evidence for the Attention to Memory Model

“The MTL ROI was derived using the left hippocampus label of the AAL atlas (Tzourio-Mazoyer et al., 2002) in the WFU Pickatlas tool, whereas the visual cortex ROI was created by selecting left BA 17 from Pickatlasʼs Brodmannʼs area labels and dilating the volume by four voxels in three dimensions.”

“Although DPC and VPC have been associated, respectively, with top–down and bottom–up attention in both perception (Corbetta & Shulman, 2002) and memory tasks (Cabeza et al., 2008; Ciaramelli et al., 2008), a recent fMRI meta-analysis suggested that the exact locations of top–down and bottom–up…”

“The pairs were selected from free association norms (Nelson, McEvoy, & Schreiber, 2004 ) so that groups of three pairs formed four-word “chains” (eg, dog–cat–tiger–stripe; penguin–tuxedo–prom–date; malt–shake–rattle–snake).”

“Although the current study was not designed to compare different hypotheses regarding parietal contributions to episodic retrieval (for a review, see Wagner et al., 2005), the results are more consistent with the AtoM model than with alternative accounts.”

“In the memory domain, conditions involving demanding memory search or monitoring processes tend to show greater DPC activity, whereas conditions involving rich, attentiongrabbing memories tend to show greater VPC activity (Cabeza et al., 2008).”

“Several hypotheses have been advanced to account for the contributions of posterior parietal regions to episodic retrieval (for reviews, see Cabeza, Ciaramelli, Olson, &Moscovitch, 2008; Ciaramelli, Grady, & Moscovitch, 2008; Vilberg & Rugg, 2008; Wagner, Shannon, Kahn, & Buckner, 2005).”

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“It is worth noting that the overlapping word pair learning task is different than typical transitive inference tasks (e.g., Shohamy & Wagner, 2008), because it does not fulfill the transitive property (e.g., dog is associated with cat and cat is associated with tiger, but dog is not associated with…”

“For example, patients with VPC lesions have difficulty spontaneously reporting retrieved memories about themselves, but these memories are available and can be accessed by specific questions that guide top–down attention toward these memories (Berryhill, Phuong, Picasso, Cabeza, & Olson, 2007 ).”

“Other important factors include the spatial versus nonspatial nature of the task and the verbal versus nonverbal nature of the stimuli (Cabeza, 2008).”

“…perception and memory overlapped in DPC (mainly in IPS) and that detection-related activity for perception and memory overlapped in VPC (mainly in TPJ) is not inconsistent with differences in localization between perception and memory found by Sestieri et al. (2010) and Hutchinson et al. (2009).”

“Such patients also have problems subjectively evaluating their retrieved memories (Drowos, Berryhill, Andre, & Olson, 2010 ; Simons, Peers, Mazuz, Berryhill, & Olson, 2010 ; Davidson et al, 2008 ), possibly because their memory retrieval is less spontaneous, so the patients' sense of re-experience is diminished.”

“Such patients also have problems subjectively evaluating their retrieved memories (Drowos, Berryhill, Andre, & Olson, 2010; Simons, Peers, Mazuz, Berryhill, & Olson, 2010; Davidson et al., 2008), possibly because their memory retrieval is less spontaneous, so the patientsʼ sense of re-experience is diminished.”

“As an example of this last factor, for example, there is evidence that regions mediating similar attentional processes for audition versus vision are close to each other but not overlapping (Wu, Weissman, Roberts, & Woldorff, 2007; Woldorff et al., 2004).”

“…perception and memory overlapped in DPC (mainly in IPS) and that detection-related activity for perception and memory overlapped in VPC (mainly in TPJ) is not inconsistent with differences in localization between perception and memory found by Sestieri et al. (2010) and Hutchinson et al. (2009).”

“As an example of this last factor, for example, there is evidence that regions mediating similar attentional processes for audition versus vision are close to each other but not overlapping (Wu, Weissman, Roberts, & Woldorff, 2007 ; Woldorff et al, 2004 ).”

“However, if the accumulator reaches threshold just before the response, the current study would link this mechanism to VPC, whereas accumulator theorists have linked it to IPS in DPC (eg, Donaldson, Wheeler, & Petersen, 2010 ).”

“Such patients also have problems subjectively evaluating their retrieved memories (Drowos, Berryhill, Andre, & Olson, 2010 ; Simons, Peers, Mazuz, Berryhill, & Olson, 2010 ; Davidson et al, 2008 ), possibly because their memory retrieval is less spontaneous, so the patients' sense of re-experience is diminished.”

“One hypothesis is that memory retrieval involves attentional reorienting to spontaneously evoked memories, in a manner analogous to visuospatial reorienting (Cabeza et al., 2012a, 2008, 2011; Ciaramelli et al., 2008).”

“In doing so, this multi-domain meta-analysis was able to preserve the selection criteria and other parameters that are considered highly relevant to researchers working in each subject area (a full description of the method used to define each domain is provided in Supplementary Material) (Cabeza et al. 2008; Ciaramel…”