The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Help or Hindrance? The Effects of College Remediation on Academic and Labor Market Outcomes
Abstract
Providing remedial (also known as developmental) education is the primary way colleges cope with students who do not have the academic preparation needed to succeed in college-level courses. Remediation is widespread, with nearly one-third of entering freshmen taking remedial courses at an annual cost of at least $1 billion. Despite its prevalence, there is uncertainty surrounding its short- and longer-run effects. This paper presents new evidence on this question using longitudinal administrative data from Texas and a regression discontinuity research design. We find little indication that remediation improves academic or labor market outcomes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error
Heckman, J. J. (1979) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1912352 · Cited by 28,779
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577
Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x · Cited by 9,939
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 9,020
(2012) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.102.1.i · Cited by 8,043
Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables
Angrist, J. D., Imbens, G. W., & Rubin, D. B. (1996) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1996.10476902 · Cited by 4,230
Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects
Imbens, G. W., & Angrist, J. D. (1994) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2951620 · Cited by 4,101
Regression discontinuity designs: A guide to practice
Imbens, G. W., & Lemieux, T. (2008) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.05.001 · Cited by 3,694
Bound, J., Jaeger, D. A., & Baker, R. M. (1995) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1995.10476536 · Cited by 3,618
Manipulation of the Running Variable in the Regression Discontinuity Design: A Density Test,
McCrary, J. (2008) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2007.05.005 · Cited by 3,600
Cited by
Referral, enrollment, and completion in developmental education sequences in community colleges
Bailey, T., Jeong, D. W., & Cho, S.-W. (2010) · Economics of Education Review · doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2009.09.002 · Cited by 845
Boatman, A., & Long, B. T. (2018) · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis · doi:10.3102/0162373717715708 · Cited by 214
Competing Explanations of Undergraduate Noncompletion
Attewell, P., Heil, S., & Reisel, L. (2011) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/0002831210392018 · Cited by 162
Intensive Math Instruction and Educational Attainment: Long-Run Impacts of Double-Dose Algebra
Cortes, K. E., Goodman, J. S., & Nomi, T. (2015) · Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.1353/jhr.2015.0004 · Cited by 91
The Labor of Division: Returns to Compulsory High School Math Coursework
Goodman, J. (2019) · Journal of Labor Economics · doi:10.1086/703135 · Cited by 70
Metadata
- Authors
- Martorell, P., & McFarlin, I.
- Venue
- Review of Economics and Statistics
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 436-454
- ISSN
- 0034-6535 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-9142
- OpenAlex
- W2145527989
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 53
- FWCI
- 87.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Help or Hindrance? The Effects of College Remediation on Academic and Labor Market Outcomes. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1162/rest_a_00098
- The paper
- Martorell, P., & McFarlin, I. (2011). Help or Hindrance? The Effects of College Remediation on Academic and Labor Market Outcomes. Review of Economics and Statistics. https://doi.org/10.1162/rest_a_00098
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.