Gorillas' Vocalizations During Rest Periods: Signals of Impending Departure?
Abstract
Animal signals have been interpreted as indicating something about the signaller's internal state and hence its subsequent behaviour, while at the same time eliciting a response from the receiver. Such signals are often given when the costs and benefits of an action depend on what others do. This interpretation of meaning and function of signals has been applied primarily to ritualized competitive or courtship displays. Here we use the approach to analyse another context of signalling and a more subtle communicatory behaviour. Gorillas live in small cohesive groups whose synchronized activities alternate between travel/ feeding periods and resting periods. We present data on gorillas' vocalizations - the grunts - prior to a coordinated departure from a rest period. We suggest that gorillas use these signals to indicate their readiness to depart and to assess that readiness in others. Vocal activity increased significantly towards the end of rest periods, due both to individuals calling at higher rates, and to a greater number of vocalizers. This increase in vocal activity was not associated with a greater clumping of animals, nor with an increase in non-rest activities, and therefore appeared to be related to subsequent departure. The frequent exchange of grunts supports the notion that gorillas might use the calls of others to assess their readiness to depart. We speculate that such signalling could function to synchronize the behaviour of group members and lead to coordinated group movement.
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Pre-departure vocalizations are often part of coordinating and decision-making procedures.
“So-called 'pre-departure vocalizations' are often part of this coordinating and decision-making procedure.”
From Rules of departure: Antiphony and personalized vocal spaces in wild male elephant group coordination (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
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McCune, L. (2021) · Lingua · doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2021.103161 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Robart, A. R., & Watts, H. E. (2023) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.01.019 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The diversity advantage: An explanatory framework for personality traits
Pringle, T. A., & Robinson, M. D. (2024) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1177/08902070241228327 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
King, A. J., & Fürtbauer, I. (2017) · The International Encyclopedia of Primatology · doi:10.1002/9781119179313.wbprim0047 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Vocal consensus building for collective departures in wild western gorillas
Nellissen, L., Fuh, T. N., Zuberbühler, K., & Masi, S. (2024) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2024.0597 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sex differences in infant vocalization and the origin of language
Oller, D. K., Gilkerson, J., Richards, J. A., Hannon, S., Griebel, U., Bowman, D. D., Brown, J. A., Yoo, H., & Warren, S. F. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106884 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Laomettachit, T., Termsaithong, T., Sae-Tang, A., & Duangphakdee, O. (2016) · Journal of Insect Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10905-016-9581-1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
"Parting Is Such Sweet Sorrow", But Only for Humans?
McGrew, W. C., & Baehren, L. (2016) · Human Ethology · doi:10.22330/heb/314/005-014 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Animal Biopolitics: How Animals Vote
Pennisi, A., & Giallongo, L. (2018) · International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique · doi:10.1007/s11196-018-9560-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Stewart, K. J., & Harcourt, A. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Behaviour
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 29-40
- ISSN
- 0005-7959 (ISSN-L)
- 1568-539X
- OpenAlex
- W2002466756
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine animal studies overview
- Keywords
- gorillas, vocalizations, grunts, rest periods, animal communication, collective synchronization, social cohesion, primate behavior
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