Preflight Signalling in Swans: A Mechanism for Group Cohesion and Flock Formation
Abstract
The preflight behaviour of whooper swans Cygnus cygnus and Bewick's swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii was examined to determine the adaptive significance of the ritual. Analysis of the preflight sequence revealed that the rate of signalling became significantly faster as the time of takeoff approached. This provides the first quantitative evidence that a threshold of excitability is responsible for triggering synchronised flight in social units. Two ultimate and two proximate factors that affect this threshold were uncovered. They are: 1) Maintaining proximity to partners—flight was delayed by birds with non‐attentive mates and signalling lasted on average four times longer than those whose mates showed more interest. 2) Maintaining flock cohesiveness—birds which performed signals for longer periods while swimming among uninterested birds were successful in attracting followers 61% of the time. 3) The bird's feeding performance related to dominance status—less successful feeders (potentially hungry birds), flew after little time and few signals. 4) The type of feeding opportunity at the eventual destination—birds which flew to provided feeds (nutritious barley) spent less time performing preflight signals than when they flew to forage on grass fields.
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Pre-departure vocalizations are often part of coordinating and decision-making procedures.
“So-called 'pre-departure vocalizations' are often part of this coordinating and decision-making procedure.”
From Rules of departure: Antiphony and personalized vocal spaces in wild male elephant group coordination (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
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Self-citationConradt, L., Roper, T. J., List, C., & Choe, J. C. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.20876-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Berne, E. (2011) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Rules of departure: Antiphony and personalized vocal spaces in wild male elephant group coordination
Rantsiou, E. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.02.07.579388 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An agent-based model of group decision making in baboons
Hill, R. A., Logan, B. S., Sellers, W. I., & Zappala, J. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511731525.025 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sperber, A. L. (2019) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7764 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
DOCTEUR DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE RENNES 1
Kremers, D. (2013)
- Authors
- Black, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Black, Jeffrey M.
- Venue
- Ethology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-01-12
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 143-157
- ISSN
- 0179-1613 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-0310
- OpenAlex
- W2038004637
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ethology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Avian ecology and behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Keywords
- whooper swan, Bewick's swan, flock cohesion, group cohesion, dominance rank, feeding performance, foraging behavior, ritual behavior, Cygnus cygnus, Cygnus columbianus bewickii
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