Stimuli-sensitive hydrogels: ideal carriers for chronobiology and chronotherapy
Abstract
The development of solid-phase peptide synthesis in the early 1960s and recombinant DNA technology in the early 1970s boosted the scientific interest of utilizing proteins and peptides as potential therapeutic agents to battle poorly controlled diseases. While there has been rapid progress in the development and synthesis of new proteins and peptides as potential therapeutic agents, the formulation and development of the associated delivery systems is lacking. The development of delivery systems is equally important due to the problems of stability, low bioavailability and short half-life of proteins and peptides. The main problem in this field is that low stability leads to low bioavailability. In this review we draw attention to chrono-pharmacological drug-delivery systems, which can be used to match the delivery of therapeutic agents with the biological rhythm. They are very important especially in endocrinology and in vaccine therapy. We show that the treatment of hypopituitary dwarfism by administration of human growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is more effective when GHRH is administered in a pulsatile manner that exhibits a period characteristic of the patient's circadian rhythm. Here we examine how to design novel chrono-pharmacological drug-delivery systems that should be able to release the therapeutic agents at predetermined intervals.
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Crosslinking makes hydrogels water-insoluble.
“Moreover, crosslinking also makes them water-insoluble.18”
Crosslinking significantly increases the mechanical strength and physical integrity of hydrogels.
“Mechanical strength and physical integrity of hydrogels are significantly increased by crosslinking.”
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25th Anniversary Article: Engineering Hydrogels for Biofabrication
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- Authors
- Peppas, N. A., & Leobandung, W.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Intel (United States) (US)
- ORCID
- Peppas, Nicholas A.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 125-144
- ISSN
- 0920-5063 (ISSN-L)
- 1568-5624
- OpenAlex
- W2091552691
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials
- Keywords
- chronotherapy, circadian rhythm, pulsatile drug delivery, protein and peptide delivery, drug delivery systems, growth hormone-releasing hormone, vaccine delivery, endocrinology
- MeSH terms
- Chronobiology Phenomena, Circadian Rhythm, Delayed-Action Preparations, Proteins, Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Drug Delivery Systems, Chronotherapy, Hydrogels
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