Cited by 390Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ResearchOral microbiology and periodontitis researchAsthma and respiratory diseases

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Outgrowth of the Bacterial Airway Microbiome after Rhinovirus Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Molyneaux, Philip L., Mallia, Patrick, Cox, Michael J., Footitt, Joseph, Willis-Owen, Saffron A. G., Homola, Daniel, Trujillo-Torralbo, Maria-Belen, Elkin, Sarah, Kon, Onn Min, Cookson, William O. C., Moffatt, Miriam F., Johnston, Sebastian L.·2013·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

DOI 10.1164/rccm.201302-0341ocPMC PMC3863728

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Abstract

RATIONALE: Rhinovirus infection is followed by significantly increased frequencies of positive, potentially pathogenic sputum cultures in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it remains unclear whether these represent de novo infections or an increased load of organisms from the complex microbial communities (microbiome) in the lower airways. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of rhinovirus infection on the airway bacterial microbiome. METHODS: Subjects with COPD (n = 14) and healthy control subjects with normal lung function (n = 17) were infected with rhinovirus. Induced sputum was collected at baseline before rhinovirus inoculation and again on Days 5, 15, and 42 after rhinovirus infection and DNA was extracted. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified and pyrosequenced, resulting in 370,849 high-quality reads from 112 of the possible 124 time points. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At 15 days after rhinovirus infection, there was a sixfold increase in 16S copy number (P = 0.007) and a 16% rise in numbers of proteobacterial sequences, most notably in potentially pathogenic Haemophilus influenzae (P = 2.7 × 10(-20)), from a preexisting community. These changes occurred only in the sputum microbiome of subjects with COPD and were still evident 42 days after infection. This was in contrast to the temporal stability demonstrated in the microbiome of healthy smokers and nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS: After rhinovirus infection, there is a rise in bacterial burden and a significant outgrowth of Haemophilus influenzae from the existing microbiota of subjects with COPD. This is not observed in healthy individuals. Our findings suggest that rhinovirus infection in COPD alters the respiratory microbiome and may precipitate secondary bacterial infections.

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Authors: Molyneaux, P. L., Mallia, P., Cox, M. J., Footitt, J., Willis-Owen, S. A. G., Homola, D., Trujillo-Torralbo, M.-B., Elkin, S., Kon, O. M., Cookson, W. O. C., Moffatt, M. F., & Johnston, S. L.
Affiliations: Imperial College London (GB)
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
Corresponding author: Moffatt, Miriam F.
ORCID: Molyneaux, Philip L.
Mallia, Patrick
Cox, Michael J.
Elkin, Sarah
Kon, Onn Min
Cookson, William O. C.
Moffatt, Miriam F.
Johnston, Sebastian L.
Venue: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2013-11
Volume: 188
Issue: 10
Pages: 1224-1231
ISSN: 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
1535-4970
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201302-0341oc
PMC: PMC3863728
OpenAlex: W2101600300
Cited by: 390
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 29.53
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust (083567/Z/07/Z, 097117, 096964/Z/11/Z)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (CL-2008-21-014, NF-SI-0512-10126)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Asthma and respiratory diseases
Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinovirus infection, sputum microbiota, Haemophilus influenzae, Proteobacteria, secondary bacterial infection, respiratory viral infections, microbiome stability
MeSH terms: Aged, DNA, Bacterial, Female, Genetic Markers, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Picornaviridae Infections, Prospective Studies, Rhinovirus, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Sputum, Case-Control Studies, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Disease Progression, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Microbiota

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