The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUNDMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly correlated with obesity and cardiovascular risk, but the importance of dietary carbohydrate independent of weight loss in MetS treatment remains controversial. Here, we test the theory that dietary carbohydrate intolerance (i.e., the inability to process carbohydrate in a healthy manner) rather than obesity per se is a fundamental feature of MetS.METHODSIndividuals who were obese with a diagnosis of MetS were fed three 4-week weight-maintenance diets that were low, moderate, and high in carbohydrate. Protein was constant and fat was exchanged isocalorically for carbohydrate across all diets.RESULTSDespite maintaining body mass, low-carbohydrate (LC) intake enhanced fat oxidation and was more effective in reversing MetS, especially high triglycerides, low HDL-C, and the small LDL subclass phenotype. Carbohydrate restriction also improved abnormal fatty acid composition, an emerging MetS feature. Despite containing 2.5 times more saturated fat than the high-carbohydrate diet, an LC diet decreased plasma total saturated fat and palmitoleate and increased arachidonate.CONCLUSIONConsistent with the perspective that MetS is a pathologic state that manifests as dietary carbohydrate intolerance, these results show that compared with eucaloric high-carbohydrate intake, LC/high-fat diets benefit MetS independent of whole-body or fat mass.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02918422.FUNDINGDairy Management Inc. and the Dutch Dairy Association.
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Ketone bodies: from enemy to friend and guardian angel
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hyde, P. N., Sapper, T. N., Crabtree, C. D., LaFountain, R. A., Bowling, M. L., Buga, A., Fell, B., McSwiney, F. T., Dickerson, R. M., Miller, V. J., Scandling, D., Simonetti, O. P., Phinney, S. D., Kraemer, W. J., King, S. A., Krauss, R. M., & Volek, J. S.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- Waterford Institute of Technology (IE)
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (US)
- Virta Health, San Francisco, California, USA.
- Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Volek, Jeff S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- JCI Insight
- Published
- 2019-06-20
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 12
- ISSN
- 2379-3708 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6629108
- OpenAlex
- W2952929143
- Cited by
- 210
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 19.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- JCI Insight (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Dairy Management Inc (GRT00036921)
- Dutch Dairy Association (GRT00036921)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Dietary Effects on Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- metabolic syndrome, carbohydrate restriction, low-carbohydrate diet, weight-maintenance diet, obesity, fat oxidation, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fatty acid composition, saturated fat, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, carbohydrate intolerance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Female, Humans, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid, Weight Loss, Arachidonic Acid, Cross-Over Studies, Metabolic Syndrome
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