Cited by 672Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsPancreatic function and diabetesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

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The Significance of Basal Insulin Levels in the Evaluation of the Insulin Response to Glucose in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects*

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Bagdade, John D., Bierman, Edwin L., Porte, Daniel·1967·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci105646PMC PMC292903

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Abstract

The level of insulin after an overnight fast (basal) in 37 obese and nonobese male subjects with normal and abnormal carbohydrate tolerance was directly related to the increase in insulin concentration during a 3 hr 100 g oral glucose tolerance test. Obesity, but not diabetes, was associated with an elevation of this basal insulin level. Thus obesity predicted with the magnitude of the insulin response to glucose ingestion. When the individual insulin values were expressed as per cent change from the basal level, this effect of obesity was excluded. The insulin levels of all subjects with normal carbohydrate tolerance promptly rose 5-7-fold, and reached peak values 1 hr after oral glucose. In contrast, the diabetic response (as per cent increase) was markedly reduced during the 1st hr, and maximal (but still subnormal) insulin levels were not attained until 2 hr. In all subjects the insulin response (quantitated by calculation of the area circumscribed by a plot of the per cent change in insulin with time) showed a significant inverse correlation with the glucose response. Thus increasing degrees of carbohydrate intolerance were associated with decreasing insulin responses. Elevated levels of insulin, in both the basal state and in response to glucose, were related to obesity.

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“Discussion The elevation of basal (fasting) insulin levels found in obese subjects is in accord with other recent observations (9-13).”
Result
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Acute effect of high and low carbohydrate meals on postprandial concentrations of weight regulation markers
Kumagai, M. (2009) · doi:10.6083/m4kw5d0x

Authors: Bagdade, J. D., Bierman, E. L., & Porte, D.
Affiliations: United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Bagdade, John D.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 1967-10-01
Volume: 46
Issue: 10
Pages: 1549-1557
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci105646
PMC: PMC292903
OpenAlex: W2164252720
Cited by: 672
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 36.88
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords: basal insulin, insulin response to glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, obesity, diabetes mellitus, carbohydrate intolerance, insulin secretion
MeSH terms: Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity

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The Significance of Basal Insulin Levels in the Evaluation of the Insulin Response to Glucose in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects*

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