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Evidence of premature immune aging in patients thymectomized during early childhood
Open accessAbstract
While the thymus is known to be essential for the initial production of T cells during early life, its contribution to immune development remains a matter of debate. In fact, during cardiac surgery in newborns, the thymus is completely resected to enable better access to the heart to correct congenital heart defects, suggesting that it may be dispensable during childhood and adulthood. Here, we show that young adults thymectomized during early childhood exhibit an altered T cell compartment. Specifically, absolute CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts were decreased, and these T cell populations showed substantial loss of naive cells and accumulation of oligoclonal memory cells. A subgroup of these young patients (22 years old) exhibited a particularly altered T cell profile that is usually seen in elderly individuals (more than 75 years old). This condition was directly related to CMV infection and the induction of strong CMV-specific T cell responses, which may exhaust the naive T cell pool in the absence of adequate T cell renewal from the thymus. Together, these marked immunological alterations are reminiscent of the immune risk phenotype, which is defined by a cluster of immune markers predictive of increased mortality in the elderly. Overall, our data highlight the importance of the thymus in maintaining the integrity of T cell immunity during adult life.
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“These studies showed that, independently from age, reduced thymic function and lower production of naïve T cells, together with the consumption of these cells (e.g., upon activation and differentiation during a viral infection), lead to reduced numbers of naïve T cells [75,76].”
From Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination (2016) · cites this paper as [75]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sauce, D., Larsen, M., Fastenackels, S., Duperrier, A., Keller, M., Grubeck-Loebenstein, B., Ferrand, C., Debré, P., Sidi, D., & Appay, V.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- US Forest Service (US)
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Appay, Victor
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2009-10-01
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3070-3078
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2752077
- OpenAlex
- W2153680933
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 10.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online (Institut für kunst- und musikhistorische Forschungen der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Austrian Biographical Dictionary (Austrian Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sidaction
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- thymectomy, thymus, T cell compartment, naive T cells, cytomegalovirus infection, CMV-specific T-cell responses, T cell exhaustion, congenital heart surgery, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Child, Preschool, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Humans, Immune System, Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, Thymectomy, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Cytokines, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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