Cited by 212Regulation of Appetite and ObesityEating Disorders and BehaviorsNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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Circulating glucose levels modulate neural control of desire for high-calorie foods in humans

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Page, Kathleen A., Seo, Dongju, Belfort-DeAguiar, Renata, Lacadie, Cheryl, Dzuira, James, Naik, Sarita, Amarnath, Suma, Constable, R. Todd, Sherwin, Robert S., Sinha, Rajita·2011·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci57873PMC PMC3195474

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Abstract

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic resulting in part from the ubiquity of high-calorie foods and food images. Whether obese and nonobese individuals regulate their desire to consume high-calorie foods differently is not clear. We set out to investigate the hypothesis that circulating levels of glucose, the primary fuel source for the brain, influence brain regions that regulate the motivation to consume high-calorie foods. Using functional MRI (fMRI) combined with a stepped hyperinsulinemic euglycemic-hypoglycemic clamp and behavioral measures of interest in food, we have shown here that mild hypoglycemia preferentially activates limbic-striatal brain regions in response to food cues to produce a greater desire for high-calorie foods. In contrast, euglycemia preferentially activated the medial prefrontal cortex and resulted in less interest in food stimuli. Indeed, higher circulating glucose levels predicted greater medial prefrontal cortex activation, and this response was absent in obese subjects. These findings demonstrate that circulating glucose modulates neural stimulatory and inhibitory control over food motivation and suggest that this glucose-linked restraining influence is lost in obesity. Strategies that temper postprandial reductions in glucose levels might reduce the risk of overeating, particularly in environments inundated with visual cues of high-calorie foods.

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Authors: Page, K. A., Seo, D., Belfort-DeAguiar, R., Lacadie, C., Dzuira, J., Naik, S., Amarnath, S., Constable, R. T., Sherwin, R. S., & Sinha, R.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
Corresponding author: Sherwin, Robert S.
ORCID: Page, Kathleen A.
Seo, Dongju
Lacadie, Cheryl
Constable, R. Todd
Sinha, Rajita
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 2011-10-03
Volume: 121
Issue: 10
Pages: 4161-4169
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci57873
PMC: PMC3195474
OpenAlex: W2141331973
Cited by: 212
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 6.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Yale University
National Institutes of Health (P30 DK, DK 20495)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (PL1DA024859, T32DA022975)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK20495, R01DK020495, R37DK020495, T32DK007058, P30DK045735)
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (UL1DE019586)
National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024139)
Yale Center for Clinical Investigation, Yale School of Medicine (UL1RR024139)
Common Fund (PL1-DA024859, UL1-DE019586)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: circulating glucose, hypoglycemia, food motivation, high-calorie foods, obesity, medial prefrontal cortex, food cues, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, overeating, postprandial blood glucose
MeSH terms: Adult, Appetite, Appetite Regulation, Blood Glucose, Brain, Energy Intake, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Hunger, Hypoglycemia, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neurosecretory Systems, Obesity, Photic Stimulation, Glucose Clamp Technique, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult

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Circulating glucose levels modulate neural control of desire for high-calorie foods in humans

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