Cited by 3,774Advanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsFunctional Brain Connectivity StudiesMedical Image Segmentation Techniques

Movement‐Related effects in fMRI time‐series

Friston, Karl J., Williams, Steven, Howard, Robert, Frackowiak, Richard S. J., Turner, Robert·1996·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

Abstract

This paper concerns the spatial and intensity transformations that are required to adjust for the confounding effects of subject movement during functional MRI (fMRI) activation studies. An approach is presented that models, and removes, movement‐related artifacts from fMRI time‐series. This approach is predicated on the observation that movement‐related effects are extant even after perfect realignment. Movement‐related effects can be divided into those that are a function of position of the object in the frame of reference of the scanner and those that are due to movement in previous scans. This second component depends on the history of excitation experienced by spins in a small volume and consequent differences in local saturation. The spin excitation history thus will itself be a function of previous positions, suggesting an autoregression‐moving average model for the effects of previous displacements on the current signal. A model is described as well as the adjustments for movement‐related components that ensue. The empirical analyses suggest that (in extreme situations) over 90% of fMRI signal can be attributed to movement, and that this artifactual component can be successfully removed.

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Crossref · 10.1002/mrm.1910350312

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Authors
Friston, K. J., Williams, S., Howard, R., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Turner, R.
Affiliations
  • UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
  • National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
Corresponding author
Friston, Karl J.
Venue
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1996-03
Volume
35
Issue
3
Pages
346-355
ISSN
  • 0740-3194 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-2594
OpenAlex
W2005238835
Cited by
3,774
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 216 · 2025: 313 · 2024: 286 · 2023: 287 · 2022: 328 · 2021: 294 · 2020: 286 · 2019: 228 · 2018: 194 · 2017: 188 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 110 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 55
FWCI
40.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
Keywords
subject motion, fMRI time series, motion correction, realignment, local saturation, ARMA models, artifact removal
MeSH terms
Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Movement, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Artifacts

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