The Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Troposphere in Winter in a Hierarchy of Models. Part I: Simplified Dry GCMs
Abstract
A dry primitive equation model is used to explain how the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the tropical stratosphere can influence the troposphere, even in the absence of tropical convection anomalies and a variable stratospheric polar vortex. QBO momentum anomalies induce a meridional circulation to maintain thermal wind balance. This circulation includes zonal wind anomalies that extend from the equatorial stratosphere into the subtropical troposphere. In the presence of extratropical eddies, the zonal wind anomalies are intensified and extend downward to the surface. The tropospheric response differs qualitatively between integrations in which the subtropical jet is strong and integrations in which the subtropical jet is weak. While fluctuation–dissipation theory provides a guide to predicting the response in some cases, significant nonlinearity in others, particularly those designed to model the midwinter subtropical jet of the North Pacific, prevents its universal application. When the extratropical circulation is made zonally asymmetric, the response to the QBO is greatest in the exit region of the subtropical jet. The dry model is able to simulate much of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime tropospheric response to the QBO observed in reanalysis datasets and in long time integrations of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM).
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Increased sulfate concentrations could impact tropospheric winds.
“tropospheric winds (Garfinkel and Hartmann 2011)”
From The cost of stratospheric aerosol injection through 2100 (2020) · cites this paper as Garfinkel and Hartmann 2011
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- Authors
- Garfinkel, C. I., & Hartmann, D. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
- Publisher
- American Meteorological Society
- Published
- 2011-06-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1273-1289
- ISSN
- 0022-4928 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-0469
- OpenAlex
- W2001236855
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Keywords
- quasi-biennial oscillation, stratosphere-troposphere coupling, tropospheric response, zonal wind anomalies, subtropical jet, meridional circulation, thermal wind balance, fluctuation-dissipation theorem, boreal winter, tropical stratosphere
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