AIDS/HIV risk behavior among the chronic mentally ill
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: There is growing concern that chronic mentally ill adults living in the community have a high risk for HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to identify risk knowledge, high-risk behaviors, and risk-related encounters of chronic psychiatric outpatients. METHOD: Detailed information on high-risk behaviors and risk-related situations during the past 12 months was collected from 60 outpatients appearing for regular visits at inner-city community mental health clinics. RESULTS: Of the 60 outpatients, 37 (62%) had been sexually active during the past year, and 42% of the men and 19% of the women reported multiple sexual contacts and infrequent use of condoms during intercourse. Assessments of the patients' knowledge of AIDS risks revealed substantial deficits in their practical understanding of AIDS and risk reduction measures. Although use of intravenous drugs was uncommon in this group, many subjects reported histories of 1) trading sex for money, drugs, or a place to stay, 2) coercion to engage in unwanted sex, 3) causal sexual encounters, and 4) sexual activity after use of drugs or intoxicants. Twenty percent of the subjects had met their sexual partners on the streets, in parks, or in other public places. One-third had been treated for sexually transmitted diseases other than AIDS. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the need for AIDS risk assessment, counseling, and prevention programs for the chronic mentally ill.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Fewer than half of individuals with SMI have been tested for HIV in the past year, with percentages ranging from 17% to 47%.
“However, studies investigating HIV testing rates among individuals with a SMI indicate that fewer than half of these patients (percentages ranging from 17% to 47%) have been tested in the past year (378-394).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [385]
Cites
Behavioral intervention to reduce AIDS risk activities.
Kelly, J. A., Lawrence, J. S. S., Hood, H. V., & Brasfield, T. L. (1989) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.57.1.60 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral intervention to reduce AIDS risk activities.
Kelly, J. A., Lawrence, J. S. S., Hood, H. V., et al. (1989) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.57.1.60 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Self-citationHersen, M., & Bellack, A. S. (1976) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(76)90038-9 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Pharmacosexology: The Effects of Drugs on Sexual Function – A Review
Buffum, J. C. (1982) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1982.10471907 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
An objective test of AIDS risk behavior knowledge: Scale development, validation, and norms
Kelly, J. A., Lawrence, J. S. S., Hood, H. V., & Brasfield, T. L. (1989) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(89)90027-x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationTaylor, M. A. (1973) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1973.01750350036007 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
AIDS Risk and Prevention for the Chronic Mentally Ill
Carmen, E. H., & Brady, S. M. (1990) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.41.6.652 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Schizophrenia and sexuality: a review and a report of twelve unusual cases--Part II.
Akhtar, S., & Thomson, J. J. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Sexual practices among patients with borderline personality disorder
Zubenko, G. S., George, A., Soloff, P. H., & Schulz, P. M. (1987) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.144.6.748 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Schizophrenia and Sexual Functioning
Verhulst, J., & Schneidman, B. S. (1981) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.32.4.259 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Assessment of sexual function, interest and activity in depressed men
Howell, J. (1987) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(87)90074-7 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-Reported HIV- Related Risk Behaviors in Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Pilot Study
Sacks, M. H., Perry, S. L., Graver, R. L., Shindledecker, R. D., & Hall, S. (1990) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.41.11.1253 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Face to Face: A Guide to AIDS Counseling
Dilley, J., Pies, C. A., & Helquist, M. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 39 · see citing works
National Health Interview Survey data on adult knowledge of AIDS in the United States.
Hardy, A. M. (1991) · PubMed · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Kelly, J. A., Urey, J. R., & Patterson, J. (1980) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(80)80018-9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationGewirtz, G. R., Horwath, E., Cournos, F., & Empfield, M. (1988) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.39.12.1311-a · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Pure Erotomania in Manic-Depressive Psychosis
Guirguis, W. R. (1981) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.138.2.139 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
AIDS: Clinical and Ethical Issues on a Psychiatric Unit *
Hoffman, B. F., Arthurs, K., Lunn, S., et al. (1989) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674378903400901 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
HIV and the Mentally Ill: An Approach to the Legal Issues
Haimowitz, S. (1989) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.40.7.732 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
An HIV-infected psychiatric patient: some clinicolegal dilemmas.
Ja, S., Gb, L., & Weinstock, R. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DE HERT, M., CORRELL, C. U., BOBES, J., CETKOVICH‐BAKMAS, M., COHEN, D., ASAI, I., DETRAUX, J., GAUTAM, S., MÖLLER, H., NDETEI, D. M., et al. (2011) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x · Cited by 2,488 · see citing works
Factors associated with risk for HIV infection among chronic mentally ill adults
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.2.221 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Self-citationSexual dysfunction: the unspoken side effect of antipsychotics
Peuskens, J., Sienaert, P., & De Hert, M. (1998) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(98)82005-1 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Risk Behaviors for Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men With Mental Disorders
Coverdale, J. H., & Turbott, S. H. (2000) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.51.2.234 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Blumberg, S. J., & Dickey, W. C. (2003) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/00126334-200301010-00011 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
AIDS knowledge and high risk behaviors in the chronic mentally ill
Katz, R. C., Watts, C., & Santman, J. (1994) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/bf02207491 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kelly, J. A., Murphy, D. A., Bahr, G. R., Brasfield, T. L., Davis, D., Hauth, A. C., Morgan, M., Stevenson, L., & Eilers, M.
- Affiliations
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- ORCID
- Jeffrey A. Kelly
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1992-07-01
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 886-889
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W165068248
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh042908-11, 5r01mh041800-09, 5r01mh044149-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH42908, MH-41800, MH-44149)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
- Keywords
- HIV risk behavior, chronic mental illness, psychiatric outpatients, sexual risk behavior, condom use, multiple sexual partners, sex work, sexually transmitted infections, intravenous drug use, HIV prevention, community mental health centers
- MeSH terms
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Adult, Age Factors, Ambulatory Care, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Chronic Disease, Community Mental Health Centers, Contraceptive Devices, Male, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Sex Factors, HIV Infections, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
