Cited by 491Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ResearchLong-Term Effects of COVID-19Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Alicia C. Deale, Trudie Chalder, I. M. Marks, Simon C. Wessely·1997·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.154.3.408

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome was compared with relaxation in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Sixty patients with chronic fatigue syndrome were randomly assigned to 13 sessions of either cognitive behavior therapy (graded activity and cognitive restructuring) or relaxation. Outcome was evaluated by using measures of functional impairment, fatigue, mood, and global improvement. RESULTS: Treatment was completed by 53 patients. Functional impairment and fatigue improved more in the group that received cognitive behavior therapy. At final follow-up, 70% of the completers in the cognitive behavior therapy group achieved good outcomes (substantial improvement in physical functioning) compared with 19% of those in the relaxation group who completed treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive behavior therapy was more effective than a relaxation control in the management of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Improvements were sustained over 6 months of follow-up.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1176/ajp.154.3.408

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Comprehensive Approach to Its Definition and Study
Fukuda, K., Straus, S. E., Hickie, I., Sharpe, M. C., Dobbins, J. G., Komaroff, A., & and International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group. (1994) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00009 · Cited by 4,969
The MOS Short-form General Health Survey: Reliability and Validity in a Patient Population
Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D., & Ware, J. E. (1988) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-198807000-00007 · Cited by 3,339
Development of a fatigue scale
Chalder, T., Berelowitz, G., Pawlikowska, T., Watts, L., Wessely, S., Wright, D., & Wallace, E. P. (1993) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(93)90081-p · Cited by 3,032
Self-citation
Clinical Trials: A Practical Approach.
Hill, I. D., & Pocock, S. (1984) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2531186 · Cited by 2,918
The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire
Levy, R. (1973) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(73)90039-1 · Cited by 2,707
HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE
DASHFIELD, D. C. (1954) · Parliamentary Affairs · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pa.a053040 · Cited by 1,222
A report—Chronic fatigue syndrome: Guidelines for research
Sharpe, M. C. (1991) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107689108400224 · Cited by 1,026 · cited 2×
“diagnostic criteria (15) and the revised criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (29).”
Background
Fears, phobias, and rituals
Marks, I. M. (1987) · Cited by 978

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 33 references

1 of the 33 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 5

Wessely S, 1989, J R Coll Gen Pract, 39, 26
Spitzer RL, 1978, Endicott J: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS)
Lacks P, 1987, Behavioural Treatment of Persistent Insomnia
Beck A, 1979, Emery G: Cognitive Therapy of Depression
Fukuda K, 1994, International Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Study Group. Ann Intern Med, 121, 953

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 491

A 37-Year-Old Mechanic with Multiple Chemical Sensitivities
Kipen, H. M., & Fiedler, N. L. (2000) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.00108377 · Cited by 12
Management of CFS: development and evaluation of a service
Cox, D. L. (1998) · British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.12968/bjtr.1998.5.4.14088 · Cited by 12
Chronic fatigue syndrome.
Demitrack, M. A., & Engleberg, N. C. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 12
Commentary on: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine and graded exercise for chronic fatigue syndrome†
Deale, A. C., Chalder, T., & Wessely, S. C. (1998) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.172.6.491 · Cited by 12
“In earlier randomised controlled trials, cognitivebehavioural therapy and graded exercise produced substantial and similar improvements in fatigue and disability (Sharpe et al, 1996; Deale et al, 1997; Fulcher & White, 1997).”
Method
The effectiveness of interventions used in the treatment/management of chronic fatigue syndrome and/or myalgic encephalomyelitis in adults and children
Bagnall, A., Whiting, P. F., Wright, C. J., & Sowden, A. J. (2002) · White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · Cited by 11
[Fatigue syndrome in chronic neurological disorders].
Brola, W., Ziomek, M., & Czernicki, J. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 10
Protocol for a proof of concept randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult ADHD as a supplement to treatment as usual, compared with treatment as usual alone
Dittner, A. J., Rimes, K. A., Russell, A., & Chalder, T. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0248-1 · Cited by 11
“1997; [44,45]) provide self-rated global measures of improvement and treatment satisfaction on a seven point scale.”
Background
Testing the efficacy of web-based cognitive behavioural therapy for adult patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CBIT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Janse, A., Worm-Smeitink, M., Bussel-Lagarde, J., Bleijenberg, G., Nikolaus, S., & Knoop, H. (2015) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-015-0392-3 · Cited by 11
“Individual CBT for CFS is an intensive treatment, requiring between 13 to 16 sessions over a period of six to eight months depending on the protocol used [7–10].”
Method
Fatigue in Neurologic Disorders
Bhat, S., & Chokroverty, S. (2013) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2013.02.006 · Cited by 11
A Novel Approach to Treating CFS and Co‐morbid Health Anxiety: A Case Study
Daniels, J., & Loades, M. E. (2016) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2042 · Cited by 11
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome – an occupational therapy programme
Cox, D. L. (1999) · Occupational Therapy International · doi:10.1002/oti.88 · Cited by 11
“…Sharpe, 1991; Cox and Findley, 1998) and graded activity (Butler et al., 1991; Sharpe et al., that cognitive behaviour therapy (Sharpe et al., 1996; Deale et al., 1997) graded exercise therapy (Fulcher and White, 1997) may be useful treatments in the outpatient management feelings are linked…”
Background
Functional Somatic Symptoms and Somatoform Disorders
Greenberg, D. B., Braun, I. M., & Cassem, N. H. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-04743-2.50026-3 · Cited by 11
Breast Implant Illness Through a Psychiatric Lens
Suri, K. V., & Billick, S. (2023) · Aesthetic Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/s00266-023-03692-6 · Cited by 10
“In Deale et al.’s randomized controlled trial comparing CBT with relaxation techniques in patients suffering with chronic fatigue, 70% of the patients receiving CBT recovered compared to 19% of those that engaged in relaxation techniques [39].”
Chronic fatigue syndrome – mapping the interior
Hotopf, M. H., & Wessely, S. C. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291798008265 · Cited by 10
“…features and prognosis of the condition (Wessely et al. 1998), and a number of recent papers have reported randomized trials of successful treatments involving cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and graded exercise (Sharpe et al. 1996; Wearden et al. 1996; Deale et al. 1997; Fulcher & White, 1997).”
Background
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Everett, T. (2003) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-4965-0.50026-x · Cited by 10
ALTERNATIVE AND INTEGRATIVE TREATMENT OF FIBROMYALGIA AND CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
Sierpina, V. S. (2002) · Clinics in Family Practice · doi:10.1016/s1522-5720(02)00046-6 · Cited by 10
Systematic Review of the Current Literature Related to Disability and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, Number 66
Ross, S. D., Levine, C. B., Ganz, N., Frame, D., Estok, R. P., Stone, L. R., & Ludensky, V. M. (2002) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e439642005-001 · Cited by 10
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Jason, L. A., & Taylor, R. R. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471264385.wei0916 · Cited by 10
A mind–body treatment for hypothyroid dysfunction: A report of two cases
Bablis, P., & Pollard, H. P. (2009) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2009.01.004 · Cited by 9
Les syndromes somatiques fonctionnels
Rabhi, M., Ennibi, K., Chaari, J., & Toloune, F. (2009) · La Revue de Médecine Interne · doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.011 · Cited by 10
Psychological Treatment of Patients with Chronic Toxic Encephalopathy: Lessons from Studies of Chronic Fatigue and Whiplash
van Hout, M. S. E., Wekking, E. M., Berg, I. J., & Deelman, B. G. (2003) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000071894 · Cited by 9
A Subgroup Analysis of Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Studies
Friedberg, F. (1999) · Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome · doi:10.1300/j092v05n03_13 · Cited by 9
Hypnosis in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Gregg, V. H. (1997) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107689709001213 · Cited by 9
Implementing Evidence‐Based Practice for Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Wiborg, J. F., Wensing, M., Tummers, M., Knoop, H., & Bleijenberg, G. (2012) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1827 · Cited by 8
Online Health Communities in Controversy over ME/CFS and Long Covid
Jackson, S. (2023) · European Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.47368/ejhc.2023.203 · Cited by 8
Therapeutic activities and psychological interventions by cognitive behavioural and psychodynamic therapists working with medically unexplained symptoms: A qualitative study
Luca, M. (2011) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733145.2011.605455 · Cited by 10
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Nater, U. M., Heim, C. M., & Raison, C. L. (2012) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52002-9.00034-6 · Cited by 8
Somatoforme Störungen – somatoforme Belastungsstörung und verwandte Störungen
Kapfhammer, H. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49295-6_74 · Cited by 8
Assessing functioning in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome: psychometric properties and factor structure of the School and Social Adjustment Scale and the Physical Functioning Subscale of the SF36
Loades, M. E., Vitoratou, S., Rimes, K. A., & Chalder, T. (2020) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465820000193 · Cited by 8
Baseline Cortisol Levels Predict Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Nonpharmacologic Clinical Trial
Jason, L. A., Torres‐Harding, S., Maher, K. J., Reynolds, N., Brown, M. M., Sorenson, M., Donalek, J. G., Corradi, K., FLETCHER, M. A., & Lu, T. V. (2008) · Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome · doi:10.1080/10573320802092039 · Cited by 8
Rebt Stress Management with Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Balter, R., & Unger, P. (1997) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1023/a:1025043917715 · Cited by 8
Tired all the time: can new research on fatigue help clinicians?
Harvey, S. B., & Wessely, S. C. (2009) · British Journal of General Practice · doi:10.3399/bjgp09x420284 · Cited by 8
Functional Somatic Symptoms and Somatoform Disorders
Barsky, A. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-02767-0.50023-1 · Cited by 8
Service based comparison of group cognitive behavior therapy to waiting list control for chronic fatigue syndrome with regard to symptom reduction and positive psychological dimensions
Heald, A. H., Barber, L., Jones, H. L., Farman, S., & Walther, A. (2019) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000016720 · Cited by 7
Regional gray matter volume correlates to physical and mental fatigue in healthy middle-aged adults
Putra, H. A., Park, K., Yamashita, F., Mizuno, K., & Watanabe, Y. (2022) · Neuroimage Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100128 · Cited by 7
“This questionnaire was initially developed to measure the degree of CF symptoms in clinical populations (Deale et al., 1997), and its scale was then revised, and it is now more widely used to measure tiredness in the non-clinical, general population (Chilcot et al., 2016; Cella and Chalder, 2010).”
Chronic fatigue and indicators of long-term employment disability in psychosomatic inpatients
Tritt, K., Nickel, M., Mitterlehner, F. O., Nickel, C., Forthuber, P., Leiberich, P. K., Rother, W. K., & Loew, T. H. (2004) · Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/bf03040485 · Cited by 7
“Recent research has also demonstrated that CFS symptoms can be improved through gentle physical conditioning and the use of behavior therapy designed to increase daily activity [7, 14, 45].”
Background
Chronic fatigue syndrome in childhood: seven-year follow-up study
Khawaja, S., & van Boxel, P. (1998) · Psychiatric Bulletin · doi:10.1192/pb.22.4.198 · Cited by 7
Group Intervention Involving a Client With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Taylor, R. R., & Jason, L. A. (2002) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/15350102001003001 · Cited by 7
Treatment of a Case Example With PTSD and Chronic Pain
Shipherd, J. C. (2006) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2005.03.003 · Cited by 6
Chronic fatigue syndrom: modern aspects of diagnosis and treatment
Vorobyeva, Y. D., & Ab, D. (2021) · S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.17116/jnevro2021121402113 · Cited by 6
Is the effect of cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) moderated by the presence of comorbid depressive symptoms? A meta-analysis of three treatment delivery formats
Kuut, T. A., Buffart, L. M., Braamse, A. M. J., Müller, F., & Knoop, H. (2024) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111850 · Cited by 6
An evaluation of counselling and rehabilitation courses for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Thomas, M., & Smith, A. P. (2007) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/14733140701526294 · Cited by 6
Cerebral gray matter volume correlates with fatigue and varies between desk workers and non-desk workers
Putra, H. A., Park, K., Yamashita, F., Nakagawa, Y., & Murai, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.951754 · Cited by 6
“Although initially developed to measure the degree of chronic fatigue symptoms within clinical populations (Deale et al., 1997), the scale was revised and is now widely used to measure the severity of “tiredness” in a nonclinical, general population (Cella and Chalder, 2010; Chilcot et al.”
Method
Chronic fatigue syndrome in the psychiatric practice
Duyse, A. V., Mariman, A., Poppe, C., Michielsen, W., & Rubens, R. (2002) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140306.x · Cited by 6
Measuring Substantial Reductions in Activity
Schafer, C., Evans, M. A., Jason, L. A., So, S., & Brown, A. A. (2015) · Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community · doi:10.1080/10852352.2014.973242 · Cited by 6
Perceived Experience of Fatigue in Clinical and General Population: Descriptors and Associated Reactivities
Fuentes-Márquez, S., Senín‐Calderón, C., Testal, J. F. R., & Carrasco, M. Á. (2015) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/sjp.2015.11 · Cited by 6
Response: Sharpe, Goldsmith and Chalder fail to restore confidence in the PACE trial findings
Wilshire, C. E., & Kindlon, T. (2019) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-019-0296-x · Cited by 6
Managing chronic fatigue syndrome in UK primary care: challenges and opportunities
Wearden, A. J., & Chew-Graham, C. A. (2006) · Chronic Illness · doi:10.1177/17423953060020020901 · Cited by 6
Chronic fatigue syndrome: traditional and community-based approaches to rehabilitation
Taylor, R. R. (2004) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2004.00485.x · Cited by 6
Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Sharpe, M. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.10.1461b · Cited by 6
Kretschmer revisitado: Fatiga mental e ideas de referencia. Contribuciones desde la Teoría de la Sensibilidad al Refuerzo
Testal, J. F. R., Garcelán, S. P., Senín‐Calderón, C., García-Jiménez, M. M., Álvarez-García, P., & Núñez-Gaitán, M. C. (2016) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.21.num.1.2016.16372 · Cited by 5
What adaptions are effective to cognitive behavioural interventions for adults with long-term conditions and medically unexplained symptoms? A systematic review
Sanders, S. E., Coppin, S., Moulson, H., Meola, J., & Meyrick, J. (2020) · Ansiedad y Estrés · doi:10.1016/j.anyes.2020.07.002 · Cited by 5
A behavioral approach to building cognitive foundations for effective thought and action in a freshman critical thinking course
Pappas, E. C. (2011) · IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) · doi:10.1109/fie.2011.6142714 · Cited by 5
“A large body of research and theory on intentional change is related to cognitive behavioral therapy in clinical settings—such as changing addictive behavior [39], redressing other pathologies [9], overcoming psychological barriers to change [40], alleviating chronic fatigue syndrome [41] or detailing stages in the ch…”
Background
Changing perspectives in the nutritional management of disease
Madden, A. M. (2003) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1079/pns2003296 · Cited by 5
Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia: approaches to management
Reid, S., & Wessely, S. C. (1999) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00001504-199911000-00024 · Cited by 5
Baseline Cortisol Levels Predict Treatment Outcomes in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Nonpharmacologic Clinical Trial
Jason, L. A., Torres‐Harding, S., Maher, K. J., Reynolds, N., Brown, M. M., Sorenson, M., Donalek, J. G., Corradi, K., FLETCHER, M. A., & Lu, T. V. (2007) · Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome · doi:10.3109/10573320802092039 · Cited by 5
Somatoform disorders
Reid, S., & Wessely, S. C. (1999) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00001504-199903000-00004 · Cited by 5
Pharmacological treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome in adults
Hard, K., Rickards, H. E., Haque, M. S., & Ward, C. D. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006813 · Cited by 5
Recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome: a reflexive thematic analysis of experiences of people before, during and after treatment
Ingman, T., Chalder, T., & Lawrence, V. C. (2025) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2025.2595829 · Cited by 6
The mediating role of psychological inflexibility on internalized stigma and patient outcomes in a sample of adults with inflammatory bowel disease
Reynolds, D. P., Chalder, T., & Henderson, C. (2025) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaf055 · Cited by 4
The Use of Heart Rate Variability-Biofeedback (HRV-BF) as an Adjunctive Intervention in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CSF/ME) in Long COVID: Results of a Phase II Controlled Feasibility Trial
Cossu, G., Kalcev, G., Primavera, D., Lorrai, S., Perra, A., Galetti, A., Demontis, R., Tramontano, E., Bert, F., Montisci, R., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14155363 · Cited by 3
“Other non-pharmacological interventions reported comparable or even higher dropout rates: 13.3% for relaxation therapy [72], 31.3% for counseling [67], and 28.6% to 40% for graded exercise therapy [69].”
Influential
Training, supervision and therapists' adherence to manual-based therapy
Cox, D. L., Burgess, M., Chalder, T., Sharpe, M., White, P. D., & Clark, L. (2013) · International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.12968/ijtr.2013.20.4.180 · Cited by 4
Einfluss von Angststörungen und Depression auf den Therapieerfolg bei Patienten mit somatoformen Störungen
Heider, J., & Zaby, A. (2011) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000323957 · Cited by 4
“Dies bestätigt die überwiegende Anzahl von Studien, die ebenfalls weder kurz- [Blanchard et al., 1992; Bleichhardt et al., 2005; Deale et al., 1997; Keel et al., 1998; Matzen, 2003; Nakao et al., 2001] noch langfristig [Bleichhardt et al., 2005; Chalder et al., 2003; Darbishire et al., 2005; Deale…”
BackgroundInfluential
Chronisches Erschöpfungssyndrom
Martin, A., & Gaab, J. (2011) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-011-0828-1 · Cited by 4
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Engleberg, N. C. (2015) · Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00133-8 · Cited by 4
Chronic fatigue syndrome: An update for psychiatrists
Prochalska, C., Gressier, F., & Corruble, E. (2012) · Open Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2012.21007 · Cited by 4
“The hypothesis regarding the mechanism of action of CBT is that it plays a role in perpetuating the symptoms of CFS [13].”
Influential
Functional Status and Mood in Persian Gulf Veterans With Unexplained Fatiguing Illness
Tiersky, L. A., Natelson, B. H., Ottenweller, J. E., Lange, G., Fiedler, N. L., & DeLuca, J. (2000) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327876mp1204_01 · Cited by 4
Cognitive-behavioural treatment approach for patients with CFS
Chalder, T. (1997) · British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.12968/bjtr.1997.4.12.14326 · Cited by 4
Cognitive behaviour therapy
Eagle, A., & Worrell, M. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511543579.074 · Cited by 4
ADHD, a Food-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome: in Quest of a Cause.
Pelsser, L. M. J. (2011) · Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling · Cited by 4
Multiple sclerosis-associated fatigue
Krupp Lauren, B., & Serafin Dana, J. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139023986.059 · Cited by 3
Occupational factors and unexplained physical symptoms
Hotopf, M. H. (1998) · Advances in Psychiatric Treatment · doi:10.1192/apt.4.3.151 · Cited by 3
“In a trial of cognitive-behavioural therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome, being involved in negotiating medical retirement was the worst prognostic indicator (Deale et al, 1997).”
Background
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Gibson, J. C., Smith, B., & Ward, C. D. (2011) · InnovAiT Education and inspiration for general practice · doi:10.1093/innovait/inr073 · Cited by 3
Applying Ontological Realism to Medically Unexplained Syndromes
Doing-Harris, K. M., Meystre, S. M., Samore, M. H., & Ceusters, W. M. (2013) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-289-9-97 · Cited by 3
“The MUSs whose diagnostic criteria are the best established and most widely used are irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM).”
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Wessely, S. C. (1999) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68500-5_10 · Cited by 4
Somatoforme Störungen
Kapfhammer, H. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03637-8_61 · Cited by 3
Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Short-Term and Long-Term Memory from Molluscan Systems
Sakakibara, M. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-73464-2_8 · Cited by 3
An Overview of Psychometric Assessment
Friedberg, F. (1999) · Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome · doi:10.1300/j092v05n03_14 · Cited by 3
The role of sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome
Gotts, Z. M. (2014) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) · Cited by 3
Chronic fatigue syndrome Health and impairment, treatment and prognosis
Stubhaug, B. (2008) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives · Cited by 3
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Australian Psychiatry: Lessons from the UK Experience
Couper, J. W. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2000.00810.x · Cited by 3
Chronisch-vermoeidheidssyndroom bij jongeren
Bleijenberg, G., & de Jong, L. W. A. M. (1998) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-313-8644-4_31 · Cited by 3
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Cleare, A. J., & Wessely, S. C. (2001) · Encyclopedia of Life Sciences · doi:10.1038/npg.els.0002207 · Cited by 3
From the Editor
Watkins, P. (2002) · Clinical Medicine · doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.2-5-389 · Cited by 3
Chronic fatigue
Stevens, D. L. (2001) · Western Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1136/ewjm.175.5.315 · Cited by 3
Fatigue relief is possible
Ventura, M. D., Mattioni, G., L’Abbate, T., Bertoli, M., Grifoni, J., Persichilli, G., Canelli, A., D’Onofrio, A., Paulon, L., & Tecchio, F. (2026) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2026.1822424 · Cited by 2
“…more effective in the treatment of fatigued patients rather than the various control conditions examined, with a significantly greater decrease in chronic fatigue severity, and this result was found both in adults and adolescents (Deale et al., 1997; Prins et al., 2001; Stulemeijer et al., 2005).”
Exploring fatigue sensitivity in terms of mental health and fatigue severity among a racially and ethnically diverse sample with severe fatigue
Manning, K. F., Mayorga, N. A., Nizio, P., Heggeness, L. F., Kauffman, B. Y., Garey, L., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2022) · Fatigue Biomedicine Health & Behavior · doi:10.1080/21641846.2022.2085455 · Cited by 3
Neural Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Tanaka, M., Ishii, A., & Watanabe, Y. (2013) · Advances in Neuroimmune Biology · doi:10.3233/nib-130065 · Cited by 2
“Cognitive behavior therapy is used to alter behaviors and beliefs that may maintain the disability and symptoms of CFS patients [96].”
Method
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Jung, S. P., & Lee, K. M. (2007) · Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science · doi:10.12701/yujm.2007.24.1.1 · Cited by 2
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Nowicki, J., Murray, M. T., & Dreher, M. L. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00160-6 · Cited by 2
Greater specificity of activity memories in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: Implications for exercise-based treatment
Martin, M., & Alexeeva, I. (2017) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2017.12.003 · Cited by 2
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Rea, T. D., & Buchwald, D. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012288145-9/50097-8 · Cited by 2
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Dreher, M. L., & Murray, M. T. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-2333-5.00157-7 · Cited by 2
Befindlichkeitsstörungen ohne Befund – moderne Syndrome
Wolf, C., & Barth, A. (2002) · Der Internist · doi:10.1007/s00108-002-0632-7 · Cited by 2
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Practice
Afari, N., van der Meer, J. W., Bleijenberg, G., & Buchwald, D. (2005) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/00485713-20050401-08 · Cited by 2
Cost Analysis Report for Intervention Programs to Address Socio-Economic Determinants of Health
Baldwin, A. L., & Diederich, M. B. (2007) · Cited by 2
Therapy in clinical practice
Cohen, J. A., & Rudick, R. A. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139023986.054 · Cited by 3
Somatoforme Störungen
Kapfhammer, H. (2003) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-27386-7_56 · Cited by 2
Chronische pijn bij patiënten met het chronisch vermoeidheidssyndroom: een indicatie voor fysiotherapie?
Nijs, J., & Meeus, M. (2004) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-313-7316-1_49 · Cited by 2
Chronic unexplained fatigue
White, P. D. (1999) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/s0924270800035870 · Cited by 1
“The superiority of CBT compared to the control treatments became statistically significant, or increasingly apparent, several months after therapy had stopped.(55,56) Two RCTs of GET have been published.”
Background

Authors: Deale, A. C., Chalder, T., Marks, I. M., & Wessely, S. C.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
ORCID: Trudie Chalder
Simon C. Wessely
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1997-03-01
Volume: 154
Issue: 3
Pages: 408-414
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.3.408
OpenAlex: W2122883493
Cited by: 491
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 22
FWCI: 26.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords: chronic fatigue syndrome, cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation training, graded activity, cognitive restructuring, functional disability, fatigue, mood, treatment outcomes, follow-up
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Humans, Male, Patient Dropouts, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Relaxation Therapy, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks