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Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome was compared with relaxation in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Sixty patients with chronic fatigue syndrome were randomly assigned to 13 sessions of either cognitive behavior therapy (graded activity and cognitive restructuring) or relaxation. Outcome was evaluated by using measures of functional impairment, fatigue, mood, and global improvement. RESULTS: Treatment was completed by 53 patients. Functional impairment and fatigue improved more in the group that received cognitive behavior therapy. At final follow-up, 70% of the completers in the cognitive behavior therapy group achieved good outcomes (substantial improvement in physical functioning) compared with 19% of those in the relaxation group who completed treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive behavior therapy was more effective than a relaxation control in the management of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Improvements were sustained over 6 months of follow-up.
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“CBT has been adapted and tested with CFS patients yielding superior results compared to standard medical treatment, relaxation, and adaptive pacing therapy (Sharpe et al., 1996; Deale et al., 1997; White et al., 2011), with moderate effect sizes (d = 0.48) (Malouff et al., 2008).”
From The relationship between improvement in insomnia severity and long-term outcomes in the treatment of chronic fatigue (2018) · cites this paper as Deale et al., 1997
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Chronisch vermoeidheidssyndroom: diagnose, behandeling en zorgorganisatie
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Peduzzi, P. N., Guarino, P., Donta, S. T., Engel, C. C., Clauw, D. J., & Feussner, J. R. (2002) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(01)00167-2 · Cited by 14
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome (individual patient data)
Larun, L., Odgaard‐Jensen, J., Brurberg, K. G., Chalder, T., Dybwad, M. H., Moss-Morris, R. E., Sharpe, M., Wallman, K. E., Wearden, A. J., White, P. D., et al. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011040 · Cited by 13
RetractedMultiple Chemical Sensitivity and Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance (Part Two)
Watanabe, M., Tonori, H., & Aizawa, Y. (2003) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf02908886 · Cited by 13
Loades, M. E., Vitoratou, S., Rimes, K. A., Ali, S., & Chalder, T. (2019) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465819000390 · Cited by 13
“A 4-item version of this questionnaire was originally used in an adult randomized controlled trial of CBT versus relaxation (Deale et al., 1997).”
MethodExtended network learning error: A new way of conceptualising chronic fatigue syndrome
Hyland, M. E. (2001) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870440108405506 · Cited by 13
Predictors of Change Following Participation in Non-Pharmacologic Interventions for CFS
Jason, L. A., Torres‐Harding, S., Brown, M. M., Sorenson, M., Donalek, J. G., Corradi, K., Maher, K. J., & FLETCHER, M. A. (2008) · Tropical Medicine and Health · doi:10.2149/tmh.36.23 · Cited by 13
Le point sur le syndrome de fatigue chronique
Maquet, D., Demoulin, C., & Crielaard, J.-M. (2006) · Annales de Réadaptation et de Médecine Physique · doi:10.1016/j.annrmp.2006.03.011 · Cited by 13
Syndrome de fatigue chronique. Diagnostic, traitement et organisation des soins
Masquelier, É. (2008) · DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) · Cited by 13
Treating Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses—Are More Focused Studies Needed?
Hotopf, M. H. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.11.1436 · Cited by 13
“Such CFS trials have taken place in specialty centers, often with single therapists with a special interest in the condition providing individual therapy.(11,12) In the VA trial, therapy was provided in a group setting, and therapists, while experienced in the use of CBT, may not have had an equivalent depth of unders…”
BackgroundYang, C., Chen, H.-T., Luo, K., Watanabe, K., Chuang, H., Wu, C., Dai, C., Kuo, C., & Kawakami, N. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18194-6 · Cited by 19
“Fatigue scale (in abbreviation of FS) is a 5-point Likert scale, which divide 4 items for psychological fatigue and 7 items for physical fatigue [22].”
BackgroundBlake, C. M., Cunningham, J. M., Power, C. K., Horan, S., Spencer, O., & Fullen, B. M. (2015) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/pme.12903 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Deale, A. C., Chalder, T., Marks, I. M., & Wessely, S. C.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 1997-03-01
- Volume
- 154
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 408-414
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2122883493
- Cited by
- 491
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 26.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Keywords
- chronic fatigue syndrome, cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation training, graded activity, cognitive restructuring, functional disability, fatigue, mood, treatment outcomes, follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Humans, Male, Patient Dropouts, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Relaxation Therapy, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
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