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Cited by 200Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingCrime Patterns and InterventionsHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

Interaction between birth complications and early maternal rejection in predisposing individuals to adult violence: Specificity to serious, early-onset violence

Adrian Raine, P Brennan, Sarnoff A. Mednick·1997·American Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1176/ajp.154.9.1265
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The authors previously reported that birth complications interact with early maternal rejection in predisposing individuals to violence at age 18 years. This study extended the follow-up period for violent offending from 18 years to 34 years, thus increasing the sample of violent offenders threefold and allowing more detailed analyses on onset and type of violence, the form of maternal rejection, and the effect of maternal mental illness. METHOD: Complications in the births of 4,269 males in Denmark, maternal rejection of these individuals before the age of 1 year, and their histories of criminal offenses at age 34 years were assessed. RESULTS: The biosocial interaction previously observed held for violent but not nonviolent crime, was specific to more serious forms of violence and not threats of violence, held for early-onset but not late-onset violence, and was not accounted for by psychiatric illness in the mothers. Being reared in a public care institution in the first year of life and the mother's attempt to abort the fetus were the key aspects of maternal rejection that interacted with birth complications in predisposing a subject to violence. CONCLUSIONS: These findings 1) indicate that the mechanisms underlying early-onset, serious violence differ from those for less serious, late-onset violence, 2) implicate very early factors in the development of violence, 3) highlight the potential importance of integrating psychosocial with biological factors in understanding and preventing violence, and 4) suggest that interventions to reduce birth complications and maternal rejection may help reduce violence.

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Crossref · 10.1176/ajp.154.9.1265

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  • The relationship between birth complications and antisocial and aggressive behavior is confounded by environmental risk factors.

    “In other words, the relationship between birth complications and antisocial and aggressive behavior is confounded by environmental risk factors (Hodgins et al., 2001; Raine et al., 1997).”

    From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Raine et al., 1997

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Authors
Raine, A., Brennan, P., & Mednick, S. A.
Affiliations
University of Southern California (US)
ORCID
Adrian Raine
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
1997-09-01
Volume
154
Issue
9
Pages
1265-1271
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
DOI
10.1176/ajp.154.9.1265
OpenAlex
W2164951811
Cited by
200
References
27
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
FWCI
8.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5k05mh000619-13)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K02MH001114, MH00619, MH-01114)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords
childbirth complications, violent offending, maternal mental illness, violent crime, criminal history, violence prevention
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Crime, Denmark, Disease Susceptibility, Female, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Obstetric Labor Complications, Male, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Rejection, Psychology, Violence, Comorbidity, Child of Impaired Parents, Age of Onset

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