Cited by 539Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingCrime Patterns and InterventionsSchizophrenia research and treatment

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The Population Impact of Severe Mental Illness on Violent Crime

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Fazel, Seena, Grann, Martin·2006·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.8.1397

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the population impact of patients with severe mental illness on violent crime. METHOD: Sweden possesses high-quality national registers for all hospital admissions and criminal convictions. All individuals discharged from the hospital with ICD diagnoses of schizophrenia and other psychoses (N=98,082) were linked to the crime register to determine the population-attributable risk of patients with severe mental illness to violent crime. The attributable risk was calculated by gender, three age bands (15-24, 25-39, and 40 years and over), and offense type. RESULTS: Over a 13-year period, there were 45 violent crimes committed per 1,000 inhabitants. Of these, 2.4 were attributable to patients with severe mental illness. This corresponds to a population-attributable risk fraction of 5.2%. This attributable risk fraction was higher in women than men across all age bands. In women ages 25-39, it was 14.0%, and in women over 40, it was 19.0%. The attributable risk fractions were lowest in those ages 15-24 (2.3% for male patients and 2.9% for female patients). CONCLUSIONS: The population impact of patients with severe mental illness on violent crime, estimated by calculating the population-attributable risk, varies by gender and age. Overall, the population-attributable risk fraction of patients was 5%, suggesting that patients with severe mental illness commit one in 20 violent crimes.

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Authors: Fazel, S., & Grann, M.
Affiliations: Warneford Hospital (GB)
Karolinska Institutet (SE)
ORCID: Fazel, Seena
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2006-08
Volume: 163
Issue: 8
Pages: 1397-1403
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.8.1397
OpenAlex: W1833357926
Cited by: 539
References: 30
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 68 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 24.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords: severe mental illness, violent crime, population attributable risk, schizophrenia, psychosis, hospital discharge, criminal conviction, gender differences, age differences, crime types
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Mental Disorders, Crime, Female, Forensic Psychiatry, Hospital Records, Humans, Male, Patient Discharge, Psychotic Disorders, Registries, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Sex Factors, Sweden, Violence, Cohort Studies, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution

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The Population Impact of Severe Mental Illness on Violent Crime

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