Cited by 738Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

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The Genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Childhood

Lichtenstein, Paul, Carlström, Eva, Råstam, Maria, Gillberg, Christopher, Anckarsäter, Henrik·2010·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10020223

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Autism spectrum disorders are considered to be among the most heritable mental disorders, a notion based on surprisingly sparse data from small clinical studies. Population-based studies of the heritability of other neuropsychiatric disorders and comorbidities among them have also been sparse. The authors sought to address both of these issues. METHOD: Parents of all Swedish 9- and 12-year-old twin pairs born between 1992 and 2000 (N=10,895) were interviewed regarding autism spectrum disorders and associated conditions (response rate, 80%). Concordance rates and structural equation modeling were used for evaluating causes for familial aggregation and overlap between conditions. RESULTS: Monozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins for autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental coordination disorder, and tic disorder. Genetic effects accounted for 80% (95% CI=29-91) of the variation in liability for autism spectrum disorders, 79% (95% CI=61-88) for ADHD, 70% (95% CI=35-83) for developmental coordination disorder, and 56% (95% CI=37-68) for tic disorder. Among monozygotic co-twins of children with autism spectrum disorders, the probability of having a diagnosis of ADHD was 44%, compared with 15% for dizygotic co-twins. Differences in cross-disorder effects between monozygotic and dizygotic twins were observed for most other comorbidities, and substantial proportions of the genetic variance for autism spectrum disorders was shared with each of the other disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Different neuropsychiatric disorders seem to have a common genetic etiology, suggesting caution in the use of diagnostic entities and proband status in efforts to uncover genes predisposing to autism spectrum disorders.

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Authors: Lichtenstein, P., Carlström, E., Råstam, M., Gillberg, C., & Anckarsäter, H.
Affiliations: Lund University (SE)
ORCID: Lichtenstein, Paul
Carlström, Eva
Råstam, Maria
Gillberg, Christopher
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2010-11
Volume: 167
Issue: 11
Pages: 1357-1363
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10020223
OpenAlex: W1974467112
Cited by: 738
References: 39
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 55 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 49
FWCI: 33.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, heritability, monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, concordance rate, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental coordination disorder, tic disorders, neuropsychiatric comorbidity, genetic susceptibility, familial aggregation
MeSH terms: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Diseases in Twins, Female, Genotype, Humans, Learning Disabilities, Male, Models, Genetic, Phenotype, Sex Factors, Social Environment, Tic Disorders, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic, Genetic Variation, Comorbidity, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Motor Skills Disorders, Neurocognitive Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

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The Genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Childhood

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