Patient Expectancy as a Mediator of Placebo Effects in Antidepressant Clinical Trials
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Therapeutic alliance provides expectancy and hope for change and fosters fortitude to confront problems through treatment.
“It provides expectancy and hope for change and fosters the fortitude to confront the problems through treatment [80–83].”
From A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) study of medication and CBT sequencing in the treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Rush, A. J., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A. A., Stewart, J. W., Warden, D., Niederehe, G., Thase, M. E., Lavori, P. W., Lebowitz, B. D., et al. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.11.1905 · Cited by 5,643 · see citing works
The cognitive control of emotion
OCHSNER, K., & GROSS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.010 · Cited by 4,495 · see citing works
Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: a meta-analytic review
Martin, D. J., Garske, J. P., & Davis, M. K. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.68.3.438 · Cited by 3,355 · see citing works
Kirsch, I., Deacon, B. J., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Scoboria, A., Moore, T. J., & Johnson, B. T. (2008) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050045 · Cited by 2,442 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychometric properties of the credibility/expectancy questionnaire
Devilly, G. J., & Borkovec, T. D. (2000) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0005-7916(00)00012-4 · Cited by 2,295 · see citing works
Dimidjian, S., Hollon, S. D., Dobson, K. S., Schmaling, K. B., Kohlenberg, R. J., Addis, M. E., Gallop, R., McGlinchey, J. B., Markley, D. K., Gollan, J. K., et al. (2006) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.74.4.658 · Cited by 1,607 · see citing works
Credibility of analogue therapy rationales
Borkovec, T. D., & Nau, S. D. (1972) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(72)90045-6 · Cited by 1,553 · see citing works
Components of placebo effect: randomised controlled trial in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Kaptchuk, T. J., Kelley, J. M., Conboy, L. A., Davis, R. B., Kerr, C. E., Jacobson, E. E., Kirsch, I., Schyner, R. N., Nam, B. H., Nguyen, L. T., et al. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39524.439618.25 · Cited by 1,196 · see citing works
Self-citationBorkovec, T. D., & Costello, E. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.4.611 · Cited by 756 · see citing works
Huedo-Medina, T. B., Kirsch, I., Middlemass, J., Klonizakis, M., & Siriwardena, A. N. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e8343 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Self-citationPrefrontal Dysfunction and Treatment Response in Geriatric Depression
Kalayam, B., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.8.713 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 33
- [1]Khan A Bhat A Kolts R Thase ME Brown W Why has the Antidepressant-Placebo Difference in Antidepressant Clinical Trials Diminished over the Past Three Decades? CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 2010 16 217 226 20406269 PMC6493812
- [2]Khan A Khan S Brown WA Are placebo controls necessary to test new antidepressants and anxiolytics? Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2002 5 193 197 12366872
- [3]Hooper M Amsterdam JD Do clinical trials reflect drug potential? A review of FDA evaluation of new antidepressants 39th Annual NCDEU Meeting Boca Raton June 11–14, 1998
- [5]Kirsch I Sapirstein G Listening to prozac but hearing placebo: A meta-analysis of antidepressant medication Prev Treat 1998 posted at http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volumeI/pre0010002a.html
- [7]Stewart-Williams S Podd J The placebo effect: dissolving the expectancy versus conditioning debate Psychol Bull 2004 30 324 340 14979775
- [9]Wager TD Rilling JK Smith EE Sokolik A Casey KL Davidson RJ Kosslyn SM Rose RM Cohen JD Placebo-induced changes in fmri in the anticipation and experience of pain Science 2004 303 1162 1167 14976306
- [10]Benedetti F Mayberg HS Wager TD Stohler CS Zubieta ZK Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Placebo Effect J Neurosci 2005 25 10390 10402 16280578 PMC6725834
- [11]Rutherford BR Roose SP A Model of Placebo Effects in Antidepressant Clinical Trials Am J Psychiatry 2013 170 723 733 23318413 PMC3628961
- [12]Rutherford BR Sneed JR Roose SP Does Study Design Affect Outcome? The Effects of Placebo Control and Treatment Duration in Antidepressant Trials Psychother Psychosom 2009 78 172 181 19321970 PMC3785090
- [13]Sneed JR Rutherford BR Rindskopf D Roose SP Design Makes a Difference: A Meta-Analysis of Antidepressant Response Rates in Placebo-Controlled versus Comparator Trials in Late-Life Depression Am J Geri Psychiatry 2008 16 65 73 17998306
- [14]Papakostas GI Fava M Does the probability of receiving placebo influence clinical trial outcome? A meta-regression of double-blind, randomized clinical trials in MDD Eur Neuropsychopharm 2009 19 34 40 18823760
- [15]Sinyor M Levitt AJ Cheung AH Schaffer A Kiss A Dowlati Y Lanctot KL Does Inclusion of a Placebo Arm Influence Response to Active Antidepressant Treatment in Randomized Controlled Trials? Results from Pooled and Meta-Analyses J Clin Psychiatry 2010 71 270 279 20122371
- [16]Rutherford BR Marcus SM Wang P Sneed JR Pelton GH Devanand DP Duan N Roose SP A Randomized, Prospective Pilot Study of Patient Expectancy and Antidepressant Outcome Psychol Med 2013 43 975 982 22971472 PMC3594112
- [18]Feighner JP Overo K Multicenter, placebo-controlled, fixed-dose study of citalopram in moderate-to-severe depression J Clin Psychiatry 1999 60 824 830 10665628
- [19]Patris M Bouchard JM Citalopram versus fluoxetine: a double-blind, controlled, multicentre, phase III trial in patients with unipolar major depression treated in general practice Int Clin Psychopharm 1996 11 129 136 8803650
- [20]Paykel ES Ramana R Cooper Z Hayhurst H Kerr J Barocka A Residual symptoms after partial remission: an important outcome in depression Psychol Med 1995 25 1171 1180 8637947
- [21]Kennedy N Paykel ES Residual symptoms at remission from depression: impact on long-term outcome J Affect Disord 2004 80 135 144 15207926
- [22]First MB Spitzer RL Gibbon M Williams JBW Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Clinician Version (SCID-CV) 1996 American Psychiatric Press, Inc. Washington, D.C.
- [26]Walsh BT Seidman SN Sysko R Gould M Placebo Response in Studies of Major Depression: Variable, Substantial, and Growing JAMA 2002 287 1840 1847 11939870
- [27]Rutherford BR Cooper TM Persaud A Brown PJ Sneed JR Roose SP Less is More in Antidepressant Clinical Trials: A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Visit Frequency on Treatment Response and Drop-out J Clin Psychiatry 2013 74 703 715 23945448 PMC3898620
- [28]Leuchter AF Hunter AM Tartter M Cook IA Role of pill-taking, expectation and therapeutic alliance in the placebo response in clinical trials for major depression Br J Psychiatry 2014 205 443 449 25213159 PMC4248233
- [29]Meyer B Pilkonis PA Krupnick JL Egan MK Simmens SJ Sotsky SM Treatment Expectancies, Patient Alliance, and Outcome: Further Analyses from the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program J Consult Clin Psychol 2002 70 1051 1055 12182269
- [30]Krell HV Leuchter AF Morgan M Cook IA Abrams M Subject Expectations of Treatment Effectiveness and Outcome of Treatment with an Experimental Antidepressant J Clin Psychiatry 2004 65 1174 1179 15367043
- [31]Atlas LY Whittington RA Lindquist MA Wielgosz J Sonty N Wager TD Dissociable influences of opiates and expectations on pain J Neurosci 2012 32 8053 8064 22674280 PMC3387557
- [32]Bingel U Wanigasekera V Wiech K Ni Mhuircheartaigh R Lee MC Ploner M Tracey I The Effect of Treatment Expectation on Drug Efficacy: Imaging the Analgesic Benefit of the Opioid Remifentanil Sci Transl Med 2011 3 70ra14 21325618
- [36]Sexton H Exploring a psychotherapeutic change sequence relating process to intersessional and posttreatment outcome J Consult Clin Psychol 1993 61 128 136 8450098
- [37]Kaptchuk T Kelley JM Conboy LA Components of the Placebo Effect: A randomized controlled trial in irritable bowel syndrome BMJ 2008 336 998 1003 PMC2364862 18390493
- [38]Rothschild AJ The diagnosis and treatment of late-life depression J Clin Psychiatry 1996 57 5 11 8647792
- [39]Lavretsky H Lesser IM Wohl M Miller BL Mehringer CM Clinical and neuroradiologic features associated with chronicity in late-life depression Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 1999 7 309 316 10521163
- [40]Simpson SW Jackson A Baldwin RC Burns A Subcortical hyperintensities in late-life depression: acute response to treatment and neuropsychological impairment Int Psychogeriatr 1997 9 257 275 9513027
- [41]O'Brien J Ames D Chiu E Schweitzer I Desmond P Tress B Severe deep white matter lesions and outcome in elderly patients with major depressive disorder: follow-up study BMJ 1998 317 982 984 9765166 PMC28682
- [43]Alexopoulos GS Meyers BS Young RC Kalayam B Kakuma T Gabrielle M Sirey A Hull J Executive dysfunction and long-term outcomes of geriatric depression Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000 57 285 290 10711915
- [44]Rohsenow DJ Marlatt GA The Balanced Placebo Design: Methodological Considerations Addict Behav 1981 6 107 122 7023202
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomized controlled trials
Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Forsyth, A., & Lumley, T. (2021) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2021.1933434 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Placebo effect in the treatment of depression and anxiety
Kirsch, I. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00407 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Self-citationExpectancy in placebo-controlled trials of psychedelics: if so, so what?
Butler, M., Jelen, L., & Rucker, J. (2022) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-022-06221-6 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
“Placebo effects mediated by expectancy have shown to be particularly strong in trials of medication for depression (such as select serotonin reuptake inhibitors), and therefore, the effects of many antidepressant medications are likely inflated beyond a ‘true’ pharmacological effect (Rutherford et al. 2017).”
BackgroundFaria, V., Gingnell, M., Hoppe, J. M., Hjorth, O., Alaie, I., Frick, A., Hultberg, S., Wahlstedt, K., Engman, J., Månsson, K. N. T., et al. (2017) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.031 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Kube, T., Glombiewski, J. A., & Rief, W. (2018) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000596 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Strawn, J. R., Compton, S. N., Robertson, B., Albano, A. M., Hamdani, M., & Rynn, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2016.0132 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Ignaszewski, M. J., & Waslick, B. (2018) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2017.0174 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomised controlled trials
Muthukumaraswamy, S., Forsyth, A., & Lumley, T. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/q2hzm · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Peterson, B. S., West, A. E., Weisz, J. R., Mack, W. J., Kipke, M. D., Findling, R. L., Mittman, B. S., Bansal, R., Piantadosi, S., Takata, G., et al. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03314-y · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Rutherford, B. R., Wall, M. M., Brown, P. J., Choo, T.-H., Wager, T. D., Peterson, B. S., Chung, S., Kirsch, I., & Roose, S. P.
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2017-02-01
- Volume
- 174
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 135-142
- ISSN
- 0002-953X
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC5288269
- Cited by
- 140
- References
- 11
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review