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Physical Activity and Incident Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the prospective relationship between physical activity and incident depression and explored potential moderators. METHOD: Prospective cohort studies evaluating incident depression were searched from database inception through Oct. 18, 2017, on PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and SPORTDiscus. Demographic and clinical data, data on physical activity and depression assessments, and odds ratios, relative risks, and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, and the potential sources of heterogeneity were explored. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: =0.00). Furthermore, physical activity had a protective effect against the emergence of depression in youths (adjusted odds ratio=0.90, 95% CI=0.83, 0.98), in adults (adjusted odds ratio=0.78, 95% CI=0.70, 0.87), and in elderly persons (adjusted odds ratio=0.79, 95% CI=0.72, 0.86). Protective effects against depression were found across geographical regions, with adjusted odds ratios ranging from 0.65 to 0.84 in Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania, and against increased incidence of positive screen for depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio=0.84, 95% CI=0.79, 0.89) or major depression diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio=0.86, 95% CI=0.75, 0.98). No moderators were identified. Results were consistent for unadjusted odds ratios and for adjusted and unadjusted relative risks/hazard ratios. Overall study quality was moderate to high (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score, 6.3). Although significant publication bias was found, adjusting for this did not change the magnitude of the associations. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence supports the notion that physical activity can confer protection against the emergence of depression regardless of age and geographical region.
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“Furthermore, physical exercise for approximately 45 minutes per day can significantly reduce the risk of MDD. 320 , 321”
From Major depressive disorder: hypothesis, mechanism, prevention and treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [321]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Finally, self-reported physical activity or exercise interventions may have potential beneficial effects to lower the incidence of depression20 and lower the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and associated comorbidities21.”
From Association of step counts over time with the risk of chronic disease in the All of Us Research Program (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“There are recent large-scale observational [18] and Mendelian randomisation studies [124] suggesting that higher levels of PA can confer protection against mental disorders.”
From Exercise as Medicine for Mental and Substance Use Disorders: A Meta-review of the Benefits for Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Outcomes (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Adjusting for baseline depressive symptoms, body mass index, smoking status, age, gender and other confounds did not alter the findings.”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“and in children/adolescents (n=3, OR=0.907, 95% CI: 0.836-0.985), adults (n=16, OR=0.787, 95% CI: 0.707-0.877) or older adults (n=16, OR=0.794, 95% CI: 0.726-0.868).”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
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“Although there was indication of publication bias, adjusting for this did not alter overall findings (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.89).”
From A meta-review of "lifestyle psychiatry": the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders (2020) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“Longitudinal studies show that this association is bidirectional, 241,242 but with a stronger time-lagged association of marital discord predicting depressive symptoms than viceversa. 243”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [242]
In the citing paper
“The risk of incident depression is estimated to be 21% lower in older adults who engage in PA, especially at moderate to vigorous intensities [442,443].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [443]
In the citing paper
“The risk of incident depression is estimated to be 21% lower in older adults who engage in PA, especially at moderate to vigorous intensities [442,443].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [443]
In the citing paper
“a recent meta-analysis of 49 prospective studies across nearly 267,000 individuals demonstrated that higher levels of PA associated with reduced odds of developing depression [odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79–0.88] across age groups (2).”
From The Role of Exercise in Management of Mental Health Disorders: An Integrative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
In the citing paper
“Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies showed that physical activity had a protective effect against the future onset of depression [17], while sedentary time increased the risk of depression [18].”
From Digital Biomarkers for Depression Screening With Wearable Devices: Cross-sectional Study With Machine Learning Modeling (2021) · cites this paper as [17]
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Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms: A Psychosocial Mechanism
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“The possible explanation for this result is that motor function is closely related to cognitive function in healthy people with normal sensorimotor function (Killgore et al., 2013; Laure et al., 2018; Schuch et al., 2018), and motor may affect cognitive ability by affecting brain activation and connections between bra…”
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“[33] across 49 unique prospective cohort studies, a total of 266,939 individuals were followed up for 1,837,794 person-years (one up to 26 years after baseline).”
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“This is consistent with large-scale epidemiological data in adults, which similarly suggests that although even small amounts of physical activity can decrease the odds of depression, greater amounts of physical activity may further reduce depression risk [29].”
ResultSelf-citationPhysical activity correlates across the lifespan in people with epilepsy: a systematic review
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“The role of PA in mitigating the impact and severity of mental health conditions has also been widely documented [25,26].”
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“A series of observational studies suggest that higher levels of PA are associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms in younger people.(8,9) While informative, these studies are subject to several methodological constraints that hamper data interpretation.”
BackgroundYao, Y., Chen, J., Dong, D., Feng, Y., & Qiao, Z. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19074090 · Cited by 21
“These findings are consistent with previous studies conducted during non-pandemic times [9,10,42].”
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“Besides, increased time spent in sedentary activities[17, 18] and decreased participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities[19, 20] may be associated with higher incidence of depression and anxiety.”
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“In addition, a variety of unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption [28], poor eating habits [29], unhealthy food intake [30], and low levels of physical activity [31], are known to increase the risk of developing depression.”
BackgroundThe impact of physical activity on mental health
Myśliwiec, N., Ciesielska, A., Wojtczak, M., Sieradzka, A., Kot, A., Różycki, A., Pniak, M., Mawlichanów, M., Miklis, P., & Szerej, K. (2025) · Quality in Sport · doi:10.12775/qs.2025.37.57234 · Cited by 28
“Group activities, such as team sports or fitness classes, create a sense of community and belonging, which further contributes to emotional well-being [18].”
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“The benefits of exercise are supported by longitudinal (Schuch et al., 2018) and intervention research designs (Goldstein et al., 2020).”
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“Although there are many studies about the benefits of PA in mental health in older people [5,6,9,16,17], to the best of our knowledge, there are no known studies that have been conducted on pre-elderly people (a stage that ranges from 50 to 64 years according to several authors [30–32]) that relates mental health”
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Albolushi, T., Bouhaimed, M., & Spencer, J. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14081548 · Cited by 20
“Likewise, a recent meta-analysis revealed that physical activity can confer protection against the occurrence of depressive symptoms [56].”
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Physical activity mediates the effect of education on mental health trajectories in older age
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“…al., 2015; Cheval et al., 2018; Beenackers et al., 2012; O'Donoghue et al., 2018; Kari et al., 2020) and, on the other hand, that lower physical activity is associated with poorer mental health across aging (Chekroud et al., 2018; Schuch et al., 2018; Boisgontier et al., 2020; Choi et al., 2019).”
BackgroundSitting time and depression in young women over 12-years: The effect of physical activity
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“These results were in line with previous systematic reviews conducted in the general population, 41–43 and other cohort studies that involved patients with CVD. 44 45 However, these studies were unable to include CR patients and specifically patients with new-onset depressive symptoms.”
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“For example, exposure to excessive PA is not beneficial to mental health, especially for older adults [46, 47]; leisure time and school PA had a positive association with mental health, but household PA had no relationship [45].”
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“prospective association between physical activity and smoking with depression [40, 41], and some cohort studies that were unable to differentiate new onset depressive symptoms in cardiac populations [42–44].”
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“A recent meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies demonstrated in subgroup analyses that depression could be reduced by 22% if participants complete 150 minutes per week of MIPA [8].”
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“Recent metaanalyses of prospective studies also concluded inverse associations of PA with depression in youth [9] and children [10].”
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“There is considerable research showing that higher levels of physical activity reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases [1], different forms of cancer [2], depression [3], Alzheimer’s disease [4], and all-cause mortality [5].”
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“Differences in PA preferences may lead to some students engaging in vigorous-intensity PA, while others may prefer a sedentary lifestyle [84].”
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“15 16 To develop targeted strategies aimed at enhancing mental well-being, there is a need for additional evidence to elucidate how race and SES moderate the impact of MVPA.”
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“To date, many studies investigating the effects of physical activity are conducted on small study populations and only have a few years of follow-up time (Khanzada et al., 2015; Schuch et al., 2018).”
Félez-Nóbrega, M., Haro, J. M., Erickson, K. I., & Koyanagi, A. (2020) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.02.014 · Cited by 21
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The conscientiousness-health link in depression: Results from a path analysis
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“72 Heissel et al 73 evaluated 41 studies with over 2600 participants and determined the number needed to treat (NNT) was 2.1 for improvements with depressive symptoms.”
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“Conversely, greater engagement in leisure-time PA is consistently associated with a lower risk of incident depression (Schuch et al., 2018; Werneck et al., 2023).”
Self-citationClinical management of major depressive disorder with comorbid obesity
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Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for depression in patients with advanced lung cancer
Xue, D., Li, N., Li, L., Huang, Y., Men, K., Meng, Q., & Zhang, S. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-07384-w · Cited by 17
Kunitoki, K., Hughes, D., Elyounssi, S., Hopkinson, C. E., Bazer, O. M., Eryilmaz, H., Dunn, E. C., Lee, P. H., Doyle, A. E., & Roffman, J. L. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science · doi:10.1016/j.bpsgos.2023.02.001 · Cited by 18
“Youth Sports and Biological Risk for Psychopathology Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science October 2023; 3:875 – 883 www.sobp.org/GOS depressionandschizophrenia(36,37).”
BackgroundKim, H., Lee, K.-K., Lee, Y. H., Park, Y., Park, Y.-H., Yu, Y., Park, J., & Noh, S. (2023) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/46286 · Cited by 19
“Regular physical activity and exercise are effective therapies for most chronic diseases, including mental disorders [15,61].”
Wang, Y., Wang, X., Zhu, X., Sun, Y.-W., Han, B., & Chen, T. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1280952 · Cited by 16
Zhao, J., Zhang, M., Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Chen, B., & Shao, J. (2023) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110843 · Cited by 15
“Clinically, moderate physical activity was considered as an ancillary option for the initial treatment of mild depression (Schuch et al., 2018).”
BackgroundLiu, F., Duan, H.-C., Hou, Y.-Q., Zhang, B.-H., Wu, J., & Guo, L.-Y. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s450326 · Cited by 16
Bala, J. W., Newson, J. J., & Thiagarajan, T. C. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075095 · Cited by 34
McCartan, C. J., Yap, J., Best, P., Breedvelt, J., Breslin, G., Firth, J., Tully, M. A., Webb, P., White, C., Gilbody, S. M., et al. (2024) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013557.pub2 · Cited by 15
Self-citationZhou, X., Zhang, M., Li, B., & Ma, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1439252 · Cited by 16
“Studies have shown that the frequency of participation in physical activity is negatively associated with the risk of developing depression (Schuch et al., 2018).”
BackgroundThe role of exercise-related FNDC5/irisin in depression
Liu, Y., Fu, X., Zhao, X., Cui, R., & Yang, W. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1461995 · Cited by 25
Woll, S., Birkenmaier, D., Biri, G. I., Nissen, R., Lutz, L., Schroth, M., Ebner‐Priemer, U., & Giurgiu, M. (2025) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/59660 · Cited by 21
“For example, a meta-analysis found that higher levels of physical activity may offer prevention against the onset of depression [12], stress-related disorders [13], and psychotic disorders [14].”
Tonello, L., Silva, I. O., Medeiros, A. R., Donato, A. N. A., Schuch, F. B., Donath, L., & Boullosa, D. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00192 · Cited by 17
“People with higher PA levels have 17% less risk of developing depression (43).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Opportunity for Exercise to Improve Population Mental Health
Chekroud, A. M., & Trugerman, A. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2282 · Cited by 16
One step at a time: Physical activity is linked to positive interpretations of ambiguity
Neta, M., Harp, N. R., Henley, D. J., Beckford, S. E., & Koehler, K. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225106 · Cited by 18
Roh, H. W., Hong, C. H., Lim, H. K., Chang, K. J., Kim, H., Kim, N., Choi, J. W., Lee, K. S., Cho, S.-M., Park, B., et al. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.013 · Cited by 18
Werneck, A. O., Schuch, F. B., Stubbs, B., Oyeyemi, A. L., Szwarcwald, C. L., Vancampfort, D., & da Silva, D. R. P. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1073 · Cited by 15
“5,22 Given the association between unhealthy dietary patterns and movement behaviors, 23 ultra-processed food consumption, PA, and sedentary behavior can share mechanisms in relation to depression symptoms.”
Self-citationYi, Y.-H., Wang, J., Yin, W., & Xu, W. (2021) · Microbial Drug Resistance · doi:10.1089/mdr.2020.0350 · Cited by 16
Burn, E., Tattarini, G., Williams, I., Lombi, L., & Gale, N. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2022.763088 · Cited by 16
Ashton, M. M., Mohebbi, M., Turner, A., Marx, W., Berk, M., Malhi, G. S., Ng, C. H., Cotton, S., Dodd, S., Sarris, J. J., et al. (2019) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743719889547 · Cited by 16
“Previous research has also found a reduction of depression (unipolar and bipolar) with PA at higher levels.(45) The potential for PA in BD is profound, given its positive effects on neuroplasticity,(46) hippocampal volume,(47) increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor,(48) mitochondrial activity, and neurogenesis(2…”
Self-citationRelationship between physical activities and mental health in older people: a bibliometric analysis
Zhang, Y., Zhou, M., Yin, Z., Zhuang, W., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1424745 · Cited by 21
Huang, X., Chen, Z., Xu, Z. N., Liu, X., Lv, Y., & Yu, L. (2025) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15080875 · Cited by 20
“A meta-analysis projected an additional 76.2 million anxiety disorder cases globally (an increase of 25.6% [23.2 to 28.0]) [81].”
InfluentialAn insight into physical activity across domains: implications for depression and perceived health
Artime, C. M., Rodríguez, P., & Suárez, M. J. (2021) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184742.2021.1890801 · Cited by 15
“Depression is linked to a greater medical comorbidity, high dependency and substantial costs for healthcare systems (Arias-de la Torre et al., 2018; Schuch et al., 2018).”
BackgroundEffects of physical activity on the mood states of young students
Gaia, J. W. P., Ferreira, R. W., & Pires, D. A. (1989) · journal of physical education · doi:10.4025/jphyseduc.v32i1.3233 · Cited by 59
Lambert, L., Joshanloo, M., Marquez, J., Cody, B. L., Arora, T., Warren, M. A., Aguilar, L., Samways, M., & Teasel, S. (2022) · International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology · doi:10.1007/s41042-022-00066-2 · Cited by 14
“These findings are important in light of evidence showing that physical activity is known to reduce symptoms of mental disorders and improve life satisfaction (Chekroud et al., 2018; Lees & Hopkins, 2013; McDowell et al., 2019; Schuch et al., 2018; White et al., 2017).”
BackgroundReyes‐Molina, D., Nazar, G., Cigarroa, I., Zapata‐Lamana, R., Aguilar-Farías, N., Parra-Rizo, M. A., & Albornoz-Guerrero, J. (2022) · Terapia psicológica · doi:10.4067/s0718-48082022000100023 · Cited by 29
Zhao, H., Shi, H., Ren, Z., He, M., Li, X., Li, Y., Pu, Y., Cui, L., Wang, S., Zhao, J., et al. (2022) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13972 · Cited by 15
Zheng, H., He, Q., Hongyan, X., Zheng, X., & Gu, Y. (2022) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-022-03392-x · Cited by 18
“In addition, physical activity may increase hippocampal volume and neurogenesis levels, and adjust the imbalance between anti- and proinflammatory and oxidant markers to play an antidepressant role [31].”
BackgroundAmes, M. E., Robillard, C. L., Ryan, J. E. H., Merrin, G. J., & Turner, B. J. (2023) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100513 · Cited by 15
Litleskare, S., & Calogiuri, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1138915 · Cited by 16
“An active lifestyle may also contribute to people enjoying better mental health (15, 16) and, in general, have a higher quality of life (17).”
BackgroundXu, H., Luo, X., Shen, Y., & Jin, X. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1138813 · Cited by 18
Lin, C., Chen, I., Chuang, H., Wang, Z.-W., Lin, H.-H., & Lin, Y. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/48044 · Cited by 15
“Although previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested the central role of physical activity patterns in mood regulation in mood disorders [1-3], the circadian rhythms of mental activities may be more directly related to mood regulation than previously considered.”
Lima, R. A., Condominas, E., Niubo, A. S., Olaya, B., Koyanagi, A., de Miquel, C., & Haro, J. M. (2024) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00664-7 · Cited by 18
“Nevertheless, often, studies only include older adults’ health perception or physical or cognitive functioning [4–6, We intended to overcome these limitations by using data from the EU Ageing Trajectories of Health: Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies consortium—the ATHLOS project cohort.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialConsequences of Insufficient Physical Activity: A Comparative Analysis of Poland and Europe
Białkowski, A., Soszynski, P. A., Stencel, D. M., & Religioni, U. (2024) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.942552 · Cited by 18
“…over 260 000 participants showed that people with higher levels of physical activity are less likely to develop depression, regardless of age group, sex, and geographic region, after considering potential confounding factors such as body weight, smoking, and the presence of comorbidities [39].”
BackgroundSchwefel, M., Kaufmann, C., Gutmann, G., Henze, R., Fydrich, T., Rapp, M. A., Ströhle, A., Heißel, A., & Heinzel, S. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.016 · Cited by 15
Zhou, Y., Pan, Y., Xiao, Y., Sun, Y., Yu, D., & Yu, Y. (2024) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2024.105394 · Cited by 15
Maurer, A., Deckert, S., Levenig, C. G., Schörkmaier, T., Stangier, C., Attenberger, U. I., Hasenbring, M. I., & Boecker, H. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17186801 · Cited by 17
“Regarding mood, it has been reported that people undergoing regular AE training have higher levels of mental well-being [54,55] and lower incidences of depression [56].”
BackgroundPatterson, S. L., Trupin, L. S., Yazdany, J., Dall’Era, M., Lanata, C. M., DeQuattro, K., Hartogensis, W., & Katz, P. (2021) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.24555 · Cited by 16
Cui, N., Cui, J., Xu, X., Aslam, B., Bai, L., Li, D., Wu, D., Ma, Z., Sun, J., & Baloch, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.508810 · Cited by 15
Jahrami, H., BaHammam, A. S., Stubbs, B., Sabah, A., Saif, Z., Bragazzi, N. L., & Vitiello, M. V. (2021) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-021-02388-y · Cited by 19
“In brief, the selected ten exercises are: (1) jumping jack, (2) wall sit, (3) pushup, (4) abdominal crunch, (5) squat, (6) plank, (7) lunge, (8) side plank (right side), (9) side plank (left side), and (10) high knees running.”
Self-citationCost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Commercial Physical Activity App
Rondina, R., Hong, M., Sarma, S., & Mitchell, M. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11988-y · Cited by 14
Stea, T. H., Solaas, S. A., & Kleppang, A. L. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12769-x · Cited by 19
“In line with our results, another meta-analysis has reported that gender may modify the effect of physical activity on incident depression [7], whereas another meta-analysis has suggested that the potential protective association of physical activity on depressive symptoms and depression is similar for men and woman […”
ResultSportpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie
Ströhle, A., Bendau, A., Augustin, N., Esch, A. D., Große, J., Kaminski, J., Petzold, M. B., Plag, J., Schmidt, M., Schütte, M., et al. (2022) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-022-01342-x · Cited by 18
“So zeigte sich beispielsweise in einerMetaanalyse über 49 prospektive Studien, dassmehr körperliche Aktivitätmit einer geringerenWahrscheinlichkeit fürdepressive Symptome sowie diagnostizierte depressive Erkrankungen bis 26 Jahre später assoziiert war [17].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P. B., Silva, E. S., Hallgren, M., Ponce De Leon, A., Dunn, A. L., Deslandes, A. C., Fleck, M. P., Carvalho, A. F., & Stubbs, B.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- From La Salle University, Canoas, Brazil; the School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance and the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; KU Leuven–University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, and University Psychiatric Center, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium; the NICM Health Research Institute, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia; the School of Psychiatry, University of New South...
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2018-07-01
- Volume
- 175
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 631-648
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2803008851
- Semantic Scholar
- 4574bb06e26a873ebb0a8607fd5719c390dbe21e
- Cited by
- 1,763
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 270 · 2025: 282 · 2024: 218 · 2023: 254 · 2022: 240 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 104 · 2018: 30
- FWCI
- 16.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (ICA-CL-2017-03-001, APP1123336, NIHR-INF-0685)
- Department of Health and Social Care
- King's College London
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- physical activity, depression, incident depression, protective effect, youth, adults, older adults, depressive symptoms, major depressive disorder, age differences, geographic region
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk, Exercise, Incidence, Odds Ratio
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