Expedited Medicaid Enrollment, Service Use, and Recidivism at 36 Months Among Released Prisoners With Severe Mental Illness
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: This study examined long-term outcomes (at 36 months) from Washington State's policy of expediting Medicaid enrollment for prison releasees with severe mental illness and compares them with previously reported short-term outcomes (at 12 months). METHODS: Linked administrative data on prison releasees (2006-2007) were analyzed by using a quasi-experimental design comparing those referred to expedited Medicaid (N=895) with a control group of those not referred (N=2,189). Aggregate outcomes were analyzed with inverse probability of treatment-weighted logit models. RESULTS: Expedited Medicaid had a sustained effect on both increased months of enrollment (p<.01) and increased use of community mental health and general medical services (p<.01) 36 months after prison release. However, expedited Medicaid did not reduce criminal recidivism, consistent with 12-month findings, Conclusions: Outcome results at 12 months were sustained at 36 months-namely, expedited Medicaid for released prisoners with severe mental illness improved enrollment and service use with no effects on criminal recidivism.
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A Washington state study found that expedited referral to Medicaid and linkage to care for those with serious mental illness resulted in increased rates of recidivism at 12 months (55% vs 46%, p<0.01), mostly explained by technical violations.
“Finally, a study from Washington state which examined the effect of an expedited referral to Medicaid and linkage to care for those with serious mental illness found the treatment group had increased rates of recidivism at 12 months (55% versus 46%, p<0.01), mostly explained by technical violations.”
From Community investment interventions as a means for decarceration: A scoping review (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCommunity mental health use increased in the intervention group compared to services as usual (69% vs. 37%, p < .01).
“Community mental health (69% vs. 37%, p < .01)”
From Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
Unexpectedly, a significantly greater proportion of the intervention versus comparison group spent any days in jail (43 vs. 34%, p < .01) and state prison (56% vs. 46%, p < .01), with no significant difference in the proportion with any arrests (59% vs. 54%).
“Unexpectedly, there was a significantly greater proportion of those in the intervention versus comparison group that spent any days in jail (43 vs. 34%, p < .01) and state prison (56% vs. 46%, p < .01), with no significant difference in the proportion with any arrests (59% vs. 54%) at follow-up.”
From Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
Outpatient primary care use increased in the intervention group compared to services as usual (64% vs. 42%, p < .01).
“outpatient primary care (64% vs. 42%, p < .01)”
From Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
Emergency room use increased in the intervention group compared to services as usual (55% vs. 35%, p < .01).
“emergency room use (55% vs. 35%, p < .01)”
From Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
In Washington State, 12 months post-implementation, 81% of the expedited Medicaid group and 43% of the services as usual group were enrolled in Medicaid (p < .01).
“Twelve months post-implementation, 81% of the expedited group and 43% of the services as usual group were enrolled in Medicaid, (p < .01).”
From Community Interventions to Promote Mental Health and Social Equity (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Grabert, B. K., Gertner, A. K., Domino, M. E., Cuddeback, G. S., & Morrissey, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Venue
- Psychiatric Services
- Published
- 2017-10-01
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1079-1082
- ISSN
- 0022-1597 (ISSN-L)
- 1075-2730
- 1557-9700
- OpenAlex
- W2610389368
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 4.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychiatric Services (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Healthcare Policy and Management
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Keywords
- released prisoners, severe mental illness, recidivism, Medicaid enrollment, community mental health services, medical service use, long-term outcomes, Washington State
- MeSH terms
- Recidivism, Adult, Mental Disorders, Humans, Medicaid, Mental Health Services, Prisoners, Time Factors, United States, Washington, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Persons with Psychiatric Disorders
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