The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery: Perceived Stigma and Patient-Rated Severity of Illness as Predictors of Antidepressant Drug Adherence
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Major depression is undertreated despite the availability of effective treatments. Psychological barriers to treatment, such as perceived stigma and minimization of the need for care, may be important obstacles to adherence to the pharmacologic treatment of major depression. The authors examined the impact of barriers that were present at the initiation of antidepressant drug therapy on medication adherence in a mixed-age sample of outpatients with major depression. METHODS: A two-stage sampling design was used to identify adults with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis, who sought mental health treatment at outpatient clinics. Additional instruments were administered to 134 newly admitted adults who had been taking a prescribed antidepressant medication for at least a week to assess perceived stigma, self-rated severity of illness, and views about treatment. The patients were reinterviewed three months later and were classified as adherent or nonadherent on the basis of self-reported estimates of the number and frequency of missed doses. RESULTS: Medication adherence was associated with lower perceived stigma, higher self-rated severity of illness, age over 60 years, and absence of personality pathology. No other characteristics of treatment or illness were significantly related to medication adherence. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived stigma associated with mental illness and individuals' views about the illness play an important role in adherence to treatment for depression. Clinicians' attention to psychological barriers early in treatment may improve medication adherence and ultimately affect the course of illness.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Similarly, in two studies, those patients who perceived that the treatment had no effect on their illness were more likely to be non-adherent to their medication [26, 40].”
From Psychotropic medication non-adherence and its associated factors among patients with major psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
Citations
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
The Health Belief Model: a decade later.
Janz, N. K., & Becker, M. H. (1984) · Health Education Quarterly · doi:10.1177/109019818401100101 · Cited by 8,437
The Global Assessment Scale: A Procedure for Measuring Overall Severity of Psychiatric Disturbance
Endicott, J. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012 · Cited by 4,982
Wilamowska (2010) · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800320058007 · Cited by 2,115
A Modified Labeling Theory Approach to Mental Disorders: An Empirical Assessment
Link, B. G., Cullen, F. T., Struening, E., Shrout, P. E., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (1989) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2095613 · Cited by 1,935
Mental health consumers' experience of stigma.
Wahl, O. F. (1999) · Schizophrenia bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033394 · Cited by 1,009
A chronic disease score from automated pharmacy data
Korff, M. V., Wagner, E. H., & Saunders, K. W. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90016-g · Cited by 962
Hirschfeld, R. M. A. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.277.4.333 · Cited by 896
Sirey, J. A., BRUCE, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., PERLICK, D. A., Raue, P. J., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.479 · Cited by 779
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 24 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–794 of 794
Stigma of Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Psychoeducational and Behavioural Modification Course
Beaudoin, A. (2012) · QSpace (Queen's University Library)
Factors Influencing Medical Adherence of Clients in AIDS Project Worcester
Sarkis, M., Dnahue, A., Osei-Owusu, J., Koay, S. Y., Baum, M., Shayo, A., & Major, A. (2013) · Clark Digital Commons (Clark University)
Arafat, Y. I. (2016) · Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)
Reducing Stigma Associated with Schizophrenia
Reling, J. (2017) · doi:10.15760/honors.411
Impulse Control Disorders and Older Adults
Hoff, R. A. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0134
Shorey, R. C., Strauss, C. V., Elmquist, J., Anderson, S. C., & Stuart, G. L. (2017) · Partner Abuse · doi:10.1891/1946-6560.8.4.395
Reis, J. D. S., Pires, R., & Silva, N. (2017) · Psicologia · doi:10.17575/rpsicol.v31i2.1223
How to manage smokers who have relapsed
Polosa, R., & Caponnetto, P. (2013) · doi:10.2217/ebo.12.119
Bobby, K. K. (2014) · Shodhganga
Perceived Stigma and Barriers to Mental Health Care Among Former Military Service Members
Mastapha, A. R. Z. (2018) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) · doi:10.13023/etd.2018.261
Onodugo, O. O., Ezeala‐Adikaibe, B., Ijoma, U. C., Achor, J. U., Onyekonwu, C. L., Mbadiwe, N. C., Orjioke, C., Aneke, E., & Ezeala-Adikaibe, N. P. (2018) · Open Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4236/ojpsych.2018.84029
Factors influencing help-seeking : university students' responses to mental health stigma
Perna, A. (2011) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2011-07436
Chen, S. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/vmmt-b271
Mental Illness Stigma Among Middle Eastern Canadians: A Mixed Methods Study
Michel, N. M. (2017) · YorkSpace (York University)
Theoretical Perspectives on Mental Health and Illness: Introduction to Part I
Scheid, T. L., & Wright, E. R. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.003
Burnout in informal carers of people with severe and enduring mental health problems
Chandler, K. (2011) · Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)
Preventing Adolescent Suicidal Behavior: Integrating Sociology and Public Health
Crosby, A. E., & Willis, L. A. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.030
Epstein-Barr Virus Associated Myopericarditis Presenting as Generalized Anxiety
Butler, W., Pacheco, B., Forehand, K., Gursky, P., & Mope, M. (2020) · American Journal of Medical Case Reports · doi:10.12691/ajmcr-8-12-27
Reasons for Poor Medication Adherence in Patients with Depression
Chaitanya, D., Mounika, S., Chiranjeevi, M., Begum, S. S., & Jyothi, N. U. J. N. U. (2016) · International Journal of Indian Psychology · doi:10.25215/0302.095
Exploring difficulties in men’s experience of self and agency during antidepressant use.
Wood, M., Griffiths, J., & Paltoglou, A. E. (2021) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/men0000330
Watson, D. P., Adams, E. L., & Jackson, J. R. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.033
The Social Context of Mental Health and Illness: Introduction to Part II
Scheid, T. L., & Wright, E. R. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.012
Mental Health Systems and Policy: Introduction to Part III
Scheid, T. L., & Wright, E. R. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.023
Biological Approaches to Psychiatric Disorders: A Sociological Approach
Schwartz, S., & Corcoran, C. M. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.009
Dewi, C. F., & Demang, F. Y. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing and Health Services (IJNHS) · doi:10.35654/ijnhs.v4i1.395
Heinz, I., Mergl, R., nstitute of Psychology, U. D. B. M., Allgaier, A., nstitute of Psychology, U. D. B. M., Hegerl, U., & Rummel‐Kluge, C. (2021) · Annals of Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.26420/anndepressanxiety.2021.1106
Arzneistoffgruppen-Nomenklatur
Schirmer, B., & Seifert, R. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-63825-5_6
(2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.001
Zettl, M., Bock, C., Buderus, P., Pereira, A.-S., Gonçalves, K., & Münch, E. E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-22708-1_3
Mechanic, D. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.002
(2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316471289.035
A systematic review on the perception and experience of stigma among people with schizophrenia.
Audrey, T. X. N., Klainin, P., & Creedy, D. K. (2009) · JBI Library of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.11124/jbisrir-2009-597
“I think I have a problem”. Disclosure of mental health difficulties by friends.Preprint
Lampard-Scotford, A. R. (2020) · Thesis Commons (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/qt4fz
Desai, R. A. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-88-470-1538-8_6
Aly, M., García‐Cárdenas, V., Williams, K. A., & Benrimoj, S. I. (2017) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2017.12.006
RetractedHansen, R. A. B., & Opler, D. J. (2022) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.05.003
Factors influencing relapse in patients with schizophrenia
Nabeel, P., Saleem, T. K., & Ashfaq-U-Rahman, A. M. (2023) · Kerala Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.30834/kjp.35.2.2023.294
The Impact of Stigma in Seeking Mental Healthcare
Calluso, C., & Bilotta, E. (2023) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-5049-9.ch003 · Cited by 1
Dussault, J. M., Akiba, C. F., Zimba, C. C., Malava, J., Akello, H., Stockton, M. A., Mbota, M., Matewere, M., Masiye, J., Udedi, M. M., et al. (2023) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001374
เรืองเดชสิริพงศ์, น. (2016) · Chula Digiverse · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2016.308
ประสบการณ์ของนักจิตวิทยาการปรึกษาที่ให้บริการผ่านช่องทางออนไลน์
บุญสิทธิ์วิจิตร, เ., เต้พันธ์, ณ., & อารีกิจ, พ. (2021) · Chula Digiverse · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2021.574
Decision: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R1/PR9
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr9
Recommendation: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R1/PR8
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr8
Review: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R1/PR7
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr7
Author comment: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R1/PR6
Faruk, M. O. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr6
Decision: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R0/PR5
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr5
Recommendation: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R0/PR4
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr4
Review: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R0/PR3
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr3
Review: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R0/PR2
(2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr2
Author comment: Mental Illness Stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a Cross-sectional Survey — R0/PR1
Faruk, M. O. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.56.pr1
Chang, M.-J. (2023) · Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.5152/pcp.2023.23668
Bock, C., Buderus, P., Pereira, A.-S., Gonçalves, K., & Münch, E. E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-38859-1_3
Self-Stigma, insight and influencing factors among Iranian neurotic psychiatric outpatientsPreprint
Ayoubi, A., Amirkafi, A., Shariat, S. V., Movahedi, S., & Shalbafan, M. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4191459/v1
Depression And Society: Stigmas And Stereotypes
Almotairy, M. S. D., Alotaibi, S. A., Yahiya, F. S. O., & Alsuraysri, T. M. M. (2022) · doi:10.53555/sfs.v9i4.2609
Chapter 11. Supervising Integrated Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy
(2023) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615379866.lg11
Chapter 9. Know Who the Patient Is
(2022) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615379064.lg12
Chapter 7. The Prescriber’s Contribution to Treatment Resistance
(2022) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615379064.lg09
Chapter 2. Why Psychodynamic Psychopharmacology?
(2022) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615379064.lg03
Chapter 10. Attend to Patients’ Ambivalence
(2022) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615379064.lg13
Chapter 17. Overcoming Stigma And Barriers To Mental Health Treatment
PERLICK, D. A., & Manning, L. N. (2006) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615377602.lg17
Self-citationAdvancing Long-Acting Formulations for Treating Chronic Diseases
Nayan, M. U., Sultana, A., Le, N. T. H., Poluektuva, L. Y., Edagwa, B., & Gendelman, H. E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68237-7_37
Eddy, J. M., Heyman, R. E., Slep, A. M. S., Lorber, M. F., Xu, S., Makin-Byrd, K. N., & Foster, R. E. (2025) · Psychology International · doi:10.3390/psycholint7020030 · Cited by 1
Optimal mental health belief formation with information avoidance: A decision-theoretic model
Kim, D. (2025) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2025.103084
Uncovering the perceived severity of illness: literature review
Ali, J., & Korejo, M. S. (2025) · International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijphm-03-2025-0022
Polluted Air, Troubled Minds: The Impact of Air Pollution on Mental Health in the United StatesPreprint
Fan, M., Jiang, H., Liu, C., & Pan, Y. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5239431
Zugic, M., Pejić, N., Hayati, S., van Gelder, M. V., & Nordeng, H. (2026) · Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.rcsop.2026.100704
Yulianti, T. E., & Adha, D. C. (2025) · Pharmacon Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia · doi:10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13964
Adherence to antidepressant treatment guidelines in France: A five-year nationwide cohort study
Saint‐Dizier, C., Lescroart, A., Dufrenois, F., Calafiore, M., Ayed, E., Horn, M., Chazard, E., Lamer, A., & Bubrovszky, M. (2026) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2026.152676
Getnet, M., Gashaw, F., Salelew, E., Fanta, B., & Kelebie, M. A. (2026) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-026-03062-y
Taha, M., & de Gracia, M. R. L. (2026) · Gender Issues · doi:10.1007/s12147-026-09411-0 · Cited by 1
Petrocchi, S., Biaggini, G., & Zallocco, N. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1772798
Vint, J., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2026) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2026.100799
Menschen mit verschiedenen psychischen Erkrankungen und deren Angehörige
Rüsch, N. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-23520-7.00005-2
(2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-23520-7.09981-5
Kizza, J., Warner, E. T., Narain-Blackwell, M. C., & Anyane‐Yeboa, A. (2026) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-026-10195-2
Suicide in Central Asia: examining suicide stigma in Tajikistan
Savani, S., Olson, L., Brewer, K. B., & Gearing, R. E. (2026) · Mental Health Religion & Culture · doi:10.1080/13674676.2026.2644283
Liu, C., Liu, L., Li, Q., Xiao, J., Fan, B., Lu, C., & Xu, Z. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.122649
Loecher, N., Counts, L., Zabotka, L., Williams, A. H., Wynja, K., Malone, S. M., & Graetz, D. E. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-119598
Schneider, A. B. (2014) · Smith ScholarWorks (Smith College)
Recovery and Transformations from Loss in Adults with Serious Mental Illness
Leith, J. E. (2014) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
Smith, A. M. (2009) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)
BIPOLAR DISORDER: PERSPECTIVES OF AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS AND SIBLINGS
Sharaga, D. A. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Metadata
- Authors
- Sirey, J. A., Bruce, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., Perlick, D. A., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S.
- Affiliations
- NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Psychiatric Services
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1615-1620
- ISSN
- 0022-1597 (ISSN-L)
- 1075-2730
- 1557-9700
- OpenAlex
- W2125103779
- Cited by
- 796
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 18.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatric Services (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r24mh053816-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH53816)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- perceived stigma, medication adherence, antidepressants, major depressive disorder, undertreatment of depression, personality pathology, age over 60, outpatients
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Antidepressive Agents, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Stereotyping, Recovery of Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review