Cited by 522Psychometric Methodologies and TestingEducational Assessment and PedagogyReliability and Agreement in Measurement

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Limitations of Coefficient Alpha as an Index of Test Unidimensionality1

Green, Samuel B., Lissitz, Robert W., Mulaik, Stanlen A.·1977·Educational and Psychological Measurement

DOI 10.1177/001316447703700403

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Abstract

Confusion in the literature between the concepts of internal consistency and homogeneity has led to a misuse of coefficient alpha as an index of item homogeneity. Coefficient alpha is actually a complexly determined test statistic, item homogeneity only being one influence on its magnitude. The related statistic, the average intercorrelation, has similar difficulties. Several indices of item homogeneity derived from the model of common factor analysis are offered as alternatives.

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Authors: Green, S. B., Lissitz, R. W., & Mulaik, S. A.
Affiliations: Arizona State University (US)
University of Georgia (US)
Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
ORCID: Green, Samuel B.
Venue: Educational and Psychological Measurement
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1977-12
Volume: 37
Issue: 4
Pages: 827-838
ISSN: 0013-1644 (ISSN-L)
1552-3888
DOI: 10.1177/001316447703700403
OpenAlex: W2074351684
Cited by: 522
References: 9
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 3.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Educational and Psychological Measurement (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Education › Educational Assessment and Pedagogy
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
Keywords: Cronbach's alpha, internal consistency, item homogeneity, common factor model

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Limitations of Coefficient Alpha as an Index of Test Unidimensionality1

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