Social relationships and postpartum depression in South Asia: A systematic review
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BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests a much higher prevalence of postpartum depression in South Asia than in 'western' contexts. AIM: To conduct a rapid systematic review of evidence on the association between social relationships and postpartum depression in South Asia. METHODS: Five databases were searched to identify relevant studies. Studies meeting the selection and quality criteria were analysed and integrated in a narrative review. RESULTS: Nine mostly quantitative studies were included in the review. Low support and poor relationships with the husband and parents-in-law were associated with postpartum depression, although associations were weakened in multivariate analyses. The different dimensions of support have not yet been systematically investigated and the likely complex interrelationships between social relationship risk factors are not yet well understood. CONCLUSIONS: Findings mirror those from 'western' contexts, showing the key role of social relationships in the aetiology of postpartum depression. Yet, they also reinforce the hypothesis that the social and cultural context influences the association. The importance of relationships with the extended family, as well as the husband, in South Asia is highlighted. Further research is recommended to develop an understanding of these relationships to better inform interventions.
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Other nonsystematic and systematic reviews have explored specific maternal risks when mothers' PPD is untreated, including more weight problems, alcohol and illicit drug use, social relationship problems, breastfeeding problems, or persistent depression compared with women who have received treatment.
“Other nonsystematic and systematic reviews have also explored specific maternal risks when mothers’ PPD is untreated, including more weight problems,18,19 alcohol and illicit drug use,20 social relationship problems,21 breastfeeding problems,22 or persistent depression23 compared with women who have received treatment.”
From Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes (2019) · cites this paper as [21]
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Decision: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R2/PR13
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr13
Review: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R2/PR11
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr11
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr12
Vidyasagaran, A. L. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr10
Decision: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R1/PR9
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr9
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr8
Review: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R1/PR7
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr7
Vidyasagaran, A. L. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr6
Decision: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R0/PR5
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr5
Review: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R0/PR3
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr3
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr4
Review: Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews — R0/PR2
Vidyasagaran, A. L., McDaid, D., Faisal, M. R., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr2
Vidyasagaran, A. L. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2023.72.pr1
Burns, S., Jegatheeswaran, C., Barron, C., & Perlman, M. (2024) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-024-03992-6
A Comprehensive Study on Postpartum Depression Prediction Using Machine Learning Approaches
S., L. M., & S., D. R. S. (2025) · doi:10.38124/ijisrt/25jul1690
Lesser, I., Bean, C. N., Sangha, H., Mahmood, B., & Lear, S. A. (2025) · Canadian Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/08445621251395348
The Relationship between Male Outmigration and Maternal Depression in Rural Pakistan
Jiang, W. (2015) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
Jarkas, D., Lalani, S. B., Nausheen, S., Babar, N., Ghani, F., Islam, N., Letourneau, N. L., Forcheh, N., Premji, S., & McQuaid, R. J. (2026) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.108066
- Authors
- Jones, E., & Coast, E.
- Affiliations
- London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
- ORCID
- Coast, Ernestina
- Venue
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-07-31
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 690-700
- ISSN
- 0020-7640 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2854
- OpenAlex
- W2150055336
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orcid.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Social Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- London School of Economics and Political Science
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/H001832/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Keywords
- postpartum depression, interpersonal relationships, social support, extended family, South Asia, cultural context
- MeSH terms
- Asia, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Social Support, Depression, Postpartum
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