Black Adolescents' Racial Socialization Experiences: Their Relations to Home, School, and Peer Self-Esteem
Abstract
This study explored the relationship between parental racial socialization messages and area-specific self-esteem (i.e., home, school, and peer self-esteem) among Black American adolescents. The authors found that parental racial socialization messages reflecting pride and knowledge about African American culture were positively associated with Black youths' peer self-esteem. Moreover, racial socialization messages about the relative importance of majority culture (i.e., White) institutions and the values and benefits associated with being involved with these institutions were negatively associated with school self-esteem in Black adolescents. Future research directions are offered.
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Most studies of race pride socialization find that messages about cultural knowledge and pride are associated with higher overall functioning and self-esteem.
“The majority of studies examining the influence of race pride socialization indicate that messages about cultural knowledge and pride are related to higher overall functioning and self-esteem (Caughy, O'Campo, Randolph, & Nickerson, 2002; Constantine & Blackmon, 2002; Hughes & Chen, 1999; Stevenson, Reed, Bodison, & Bishop, 1997; however, see Fisher et al., 2000, for null findings).”
From Perceived Racial Discrimination and Self-Esteem in African American Youth: Racial Socialization as a Protective Factor (2007) · cites this paper as Constantine & Blackmon, 2002
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Stevenson, H. C., Cameron, R., Herrero-Taylor, T., & Davis, G. Y. (2002) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/0095798402028002002 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
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Hughes, D., Rodriguez, J., Smith, E. P., Johnson, D. J., Stevenson, H. C., & Spicer, P. (2006) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747 · Cited by 2,420 · see citing works
Harris‐Britt, A., Valrie, C. R., Kurtz‐Costes, B., & Rowley, S. J. (2007) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2007.00540.x · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Mothers' and Fathers' Racial Socialization in African American Families: Implications for Youth
McHale, S. M., Crouter, A. C., Kim, J.-Y., Burton, L. M., Davis, K. D., Dotterer, A. M., & Swanson, D. P. (2006) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00942.x · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Wang, M.-T., & Huguley, J. P. (2012) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01808.x · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Bynum, M. S., Burton, E. T., & Best, C. (2007) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/1099-9809.13.1.64 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Body Size and Social Self-Image Among Adolescent African American Girls
Granberg, E. M., Gordon Simons, L., & Simons, R. L. (2009) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x09338505 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Bernard, D., & Neblett, E. (2018) · Adolescent Research Review · doi:10.1007/s40894-017-0073-0 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Black Women's Ambivalence About Marriage: A Voice-Centered Relational Approach
Barros-Gomes, P., & Baptist, J. (2014) · Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/15332691.2014.929064 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Constantine, M. G., & Blackmon, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Black Studies
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 322-335
- ISSN
- 0021-9347 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4566
- OpenAlex
- W1969915379
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 10.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Black Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Race Theory in Education
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Keywords
- racial socialization, Black adolescents, parental messages, self-esteem, school self-esteem, African American culture, racial identity
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