Randomized Controlled Trial on Physical Therapy for TMJ Closed Lock
Open accessAbstract
This study evaluated the one-year effect of physical therapy on pain and mandibular dysfunction associated with anterior disc displacement without reduction of the temporomandibular joint (closed lock). Forty-nine individuals were randomly assigned to either a physical therapy group [n = 23, mean age (SD) 34.7 (14.0) yrs] or a control group [n = 26, mean age 38.5 (15.1) yrs]. At baseline and after 3, 6, 12, 26, and 52 wks, pain and mandibular function were evaluated. All patients received extensive information about avoiding parafunctions and oral habits on all evaluation days. The physical therapy group received, in a 6-week period, 9 sessions of physical therapy, including joint mobilization, exercises, and massage, and the information on avoiding parafunctions and oral habits was repeated each time. All pain variables decreased, and all function variables increased significantly over time for both groups. The interaction between time and treatment group was not significant. Hence, physical therapy had no significant additional effect in patients with anterior disc displacement, without reduction, of the temporomandibular joint ( ClinicalTrials.gov number, CT01475630).
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Twenty-one of the studies used the RDC/TMD established by Dworkin and LeResche to classify patients as having TMD.
“Twenty-one of the studies 57-76 used the RDC/TMD established by Dworkin and LeResche 27 to classify the patients as having TMD.”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [61]
The available passages identify Craane et al. as a trial on TMJ closed lock, but do not describe how its patients were classified. Searches for RDC/TMD, Dworkin and LeResche, and diagnostic criteria found no passage establishing that this trial used RDC/TMD; the paper also cannot establish the citing document’s count of 21 studies. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredRegarding active mouth opening, a nonsignificant effect was found between general jaw exercises and education, splint therapy, or a control group when pooling 3 studies.
“Regarding active mouth opening, a nonsignificant effect was found between general jaw exercises and education, splint therapy, or a control group when pooling 3 studies.58,61,86”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [61]
The available passages identify Craane et al. as a randomized trial of physical therapy for TMJ closed lock, but provide no trial methods or results. Searches for active mouth opening, jaw exercises, comparators, and a nonsignificant effect found no passage establishing that this trial contributed to the stated three-study pooled result. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOne study did not find that exercises were superior to a control group involving general physical therapy treatment.
“However, one study 61 did not find that exercises were superior to a control group involving general physical therapy treatment.”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [61]
The available passages, labeled Abstract with no page number, contain bibliographic information and keywords but no description of the treatment groups or results. Searches for exercise superiority and the control-group comparison returned no outcome passage, so our copy cannot verify the claimed finding. (LLM, conf=0.73)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWhen pooling results of studies investigating the effectiveness of exercise alone or in combination with other conservative therapies on pain intensity, there was no statistically significant difference in pain between exercise and control groups.
“When pooling the results of the studies investigating the effectiveness of exercise alone or in combination with other conservative therapies on pain intensity, 58,61,68,86 we found that there was no statistically significant difference in pain between exercise and control groups.”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [61]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 2 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
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- Authors
- Craane, B., Dijkstra, P. U., Stappaerts, K., & De Laat, A.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Corresponding author
- Craane, B.
- ORCID
- Dijkstra, P.U.
- Venue
- Journal of Dental Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-02-08
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 364-369
- ISSN
- 0022-0345 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-0591
- OpenAlex
- W2097670926
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 8.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.rug.nl
- Locations
- Journal of Dental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Orthodontics › Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- temporomandibular disorders, closed lock, anterior disc displacement without reduction, physiotherapy, mandibular pain, mandibular dysfunction, joint mobilization, massage, jaw exercises, parafunctional habits, oral habits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Joint Dislocations, Exercise Therapy, Facial Pain, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Massage, Masseter Muscle, Pain Measurement, Patient Education as Topic, Temporal Muscle, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome, Range of Motion, Articular, Treatment Outcome, Pain Threshold, Temporomandibular Joint Disc, Physical Therapy Modalities
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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