Smallest Detectable Difference in Outcome Variables Related to Painful Restriction of the Temporomandibular Joint
Abstract
The smallest detectable difference is the smallest statistically significant change in measurement results. In the field of temporomandibular disorders, the smallest detectable difference is not a commonly used concept. Most outcome studies are based on comparisons of group means, although this does not provide information about individual changes or about the clinical relevance thereof. The smallest detectable difference for maximal mouth opening was calculated from previously published reliability coefficients and the standard deviations of different samples of healthy subjects and patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint. The smallest detectable difference of pain intensity measured with different visual analogue scales was calculated from the reliability coefficients and standard deviations of a heterogeneous group of pain patients. The smallest detectable difference of function impairment was calculated for a group of patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint. For maximal mouth opening in healthy subjects, the smallest detectable difference was 5 mm. Repeated measurements improved it to 3 mm. The smallest detectable difference on a visual analogue scale was 28 mm for actual pain intensity and 22 mm for minimal pain as well as for maximal pain intensity. For total function impairment of patients with complaints of the temporomandibular joint, the smallest detectable difference was 8 units on a 0 to 68 scale.
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The smallest detectable difference of maximal mouth opening in healthy people has been reported to be 5 mm.
“The smallest detectable difference of maximal mouth opening in healthy people has been reported to be 5 mm”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
An important change of at least 5 mm in maximal mouth opening can be considered clinically relevant.
“indicating that an important change of at least 5 mm can be considered clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
The 5.54 mm MD in maximum pain-free mouth opening was clinically significant in favor of postural training.
“which was clinically significant in favor of postural training.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
The 5.94 mm MD for pain-free maximum mouth opening is considered clinically relevant.
“which is considered clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
This difference was clinically relevant.
“This difference was clinically relevant.35”
From Effectiveness of Manual Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise for Temporomandibular Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Kropmans, T. J. B., Dijkstra, P. U., Stegenga, B., Stewart, R., & de Bont, L. G. M.
- Affiliations
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Venue
- Journal of Dental Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 784-789
- ISSN
- 0022-0345 (ISSN-L)
- 1544-0591
- OpenAlex
- W2032780306
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Dental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Complementary and Manual Therapy › Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- minimal detectable change, temporomandibular joint pain, temporomandibular disorders, maximum mouth opening, pain intensity, visual analogue scale, measurement reliability, outcome measures, clinical relevance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Decision Support Techniques, Facial Pain, Female, Humans, Male, Mandible, Pain Measurement, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reference Values, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Reproducibility of Results, Range of Motion, Articular, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Evidence-Based Medicine
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