The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Vesiculo–Vacuolar Organelle (VVO): A New Endothelial Cell Permeability Organelle
Abstract
A newly defined endothelial cell permeability structure, termed the Vesiculo–Vacuolar organelle (VVO), has been identified in the microvasculature that accompanies tumors, in venules associated with allergic inflammation, and in the endothelia of normal venules. This organelle provides the major route of extravasation of macromolecules at sites of increased vascular permeability induced by vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF), serotonin, and histamine in animal models. Continuity of these large sessile structures between the vascular lumen and the extracellular space has been demonstrated in kinetic studies with ultrastructural electron-dense tracers, by direct observation of tilted electron micrographs, and by ultrathin serial sections with three-dimensional computer reconstructions. Ultrastructural enzyme-affinity cytochemical and immunocytochemical studies have identified histamine and VPF/VEGF bound to VVOs in vivo in animal models in which these mediators of permeability are released from mast cells and tumor cells, respectively. The high-affinity receptor for VPF/VEGF, VEGFR-2, was localized to VVOs and their substructural components by pre-embedding ultrastructural immunonanogold and immunoperoxidase techniques. Similar methods were used to localize caveolin and vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) to VVOs and caveolae, indicating a possible commonality of formation and function of VVOs to caveolae.
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Cites
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Getting to the site of inflammation: the leukocyte adhesion cascade updated
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Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Endothelium: II. Representative Vascular Beds
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Abnormalities in Pericytes on Blood Vessels and Endothelial Sprouts in Tumors
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C-end rule peptides mediate neuropilin-1-dependent cell, vascular, and tissue penetration
Teesalu, T., Sugahara, K. N., Kotamraju, V. R., & Ruoslahti, E. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0908201106 · Cited by 812
Metadata
- Authors
- Dvorak, A. M., & Feng, D.
- Venue
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 419-431
- ISSN
- 0022-1554 (ISSN-L)
- 1551-5044
- OpenAlex
- W2056688534
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 63
- FWCI
- 4.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Dvorak, A. M., & Feng, D. (2001). The Vesiculo–Vacuolar Organelle (VVO): A New Endothelial Cell Permeability Organelle. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1177/002215540104900401
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