The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Critical Service Encounters: The Employee's Viewpoint
Abstract
In service settings, customer satisfaction is often influenced by the quality of the interpersonal interaction between the customer and the contact employee. Previous research has identified the sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in service encounters from the customer's point of view; this study explores these sources in service encounters from the contact employee's point of view. Drawing on insights from role, script, and attribution theories, 774 critical service encounters reported by employees of the hotel, restaurant, and airline industries are analyzed and compared with previous research. Results generally support the theoretical predictions and also identify an additional source of customer dissatisfaction—the customer's own misbehavior. The findings have implications for business practice in managing service encounters, employee empowerment and training, and managing customers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
SERVQUAL: A multiple-Item Scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality
Parasuraman, A., Berry, L. L., & Zeithaml, V. A. (1988) · Zenodo · doi:10.5281/zenodo.14579729 · Cited by 21,118
The critical incident technique.
Flanagan, J. C. (1954) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0061470 · Cited by 8,191
The Service Encounter: Diagnosing Favorable and Unfavorable Incidents
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Tetreault, M. S. (1990) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1252174 · Cited by 4,860
Self-citationReliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments
Perreault, W. D., & Leigh, L. E. (1989) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3172601 · Cited by 1,575
Cited by
Customer Switching Behavior in Service Industries: An Exploratory Study
Keaveney, S. M. (1995) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1252074 · Cited by 2,905
Relational Benefits in Services Industries: The Customer's Perspective
Gwinner, K. P., Gremler, D. D., & Bitner, M. J. (1998) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1177/0092070398262002 · Cited by 2,347
Self-citationGanesh, J., Arnold, M. J., & Reynolds, K. E. (2000) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.64.3.65.18028 · Cited by 1,305
The Critical Incident Technique in Service Research
Gremler, D. D. (2004) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670504266138 · Cited by 1,078
Logistics Service Quality as a Segment-Customized Process
Mentzer, J. T., Flint, D. J., & Hult, G. T. M. (2001) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.65.4.82.18390 · Cited by 1,009
Brocato, E. D., Voorhees, C. M., & Baker, J. (2012) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/j.jretai.2012.01.006 · Cited by 374
Gaining customer experience insights that matter
McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Zaki, M., Lemon, K. N., Urmetzer, F., & Neely, A. (2019) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670518812182 · Cited by 283
Equity and repurchase intention following service failure
Palmer, A., Beggs, R., & Keown‐McMullan, C. (2000) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/08876040010347624 · Cited by 218
Negative and positive customer shopping experience in an online context
Barari, M., Ross, M., & Surachartkumtonkun, J. (2020) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101985 · Cited by 200
The Role of Gender in Reactions to Service Failure and Recovery
McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Daus, C. S., & Sparks, B. A. (2003) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670503254286 · Cited by 195
Mattila, A. S., & Mount, D. J. (2003) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/s0278-4319(03)00014-8 · Cited by 151
Importance of Logistics Service Quality in Customer Satisfaction: An Empirical Study
Uvet, H. (2020) · Operations and Supply Chain Management: An International Journal · doi:10.31387/oscm0400248 · Cited by 145
Determinants of service quality and continuance intention of online services: The case of eTax
Hu, P. J., Brown, S. A., Thong, J. Y. L., Chan, F. K. Y., & Tam, K. Y. (2009) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.20956 · Cited by 139
Schoefer, K. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Behaviour · doi:10.1002/cb.246 · Cited by 117
Shen, A., & Dwayne Ball, A. (2009) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/08876040910946341 · Cited by 105
An intersectionality framework for transformative services research
Corus, C., & Saatcioglu, B. (2015) · The Service Industries Journal · doi:10.1080/02642069.2015.1015522 · Cited by 95
Wellness tourism: customer-perceived value on customer engagement
Xie, L., Guan, X., He, Y., & Huan, T.-C. (2022) · Tourism Review · doi:10.1108/tr-06-2020-0281 · Cited by 76
Application of customer satisfaction study to derive customer knowledge
Hsu, S.-H., Chen, W.-H., & Hsueh, J.-T. (2006) · Total Quality Management & Business Excellence · doi:10.1080/14783360500528197 · Cited by 61
Choice, Perceived Control, and Customer Satisfaction: The Psychology of Online Service Recovery
Chang, C.-C. (2008) · CyberPsychology & Behavior · doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0059 · Cited by 58
Triggers of engagement and avoidance: Applying approach-avoid theory
Kelly, L., Kerr, G., & Drennan, J. (2020) · Journal of Marketing Communications · doi:10.1080/13527266.2018.1531053 · Cited by 44
Metadata
- Authors
- Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Mohr, L. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Marketing
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1994-10
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 95-106
- ISSN
- 0022-2429 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-7185
- OpenAlex
- W2067718403
- Cited by
- 1,821
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 33.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.