The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perceived Risk and Its Components: A Model and Empirical Test
Abstract
A theoretical model and measurement system for perceived risk and its components is developed and empirically tested for nine product types. Regression analysis is used to consider both additive and multiplicative relationships. The results generally support the hypothesized model.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116
Research works printed but not linked: 21
- Bass Frank M., 1969, Institute Paper 265
- Bauer Raymond A., 1967, Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior., 23
- 10.1037/11164-000 · DOI
- 10.1177/002224377000700314 · DOI
- 5.BettmanJames R. “Perceived Risk: A Measurement Methodology and Preliminary Findings,” in VenkatesanM., ed. Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Conference of the Association for Consumer Research. 1972, in press.
- Cox Donald F., 1967, Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior.
- Cox Donald F., 1967, Risk Taking, 487
- Cunningham Scott M., 1967, Risk Taking and Information Handling in Consumer Behavior., 82
- 10.1037/h0028695 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/1937887 · DOI
- 10.1016/0030-5073(71)90028-6 · DOI
- Hansen Flemming, 1972, Consumer Choice Behavior: A Cognitive Theory.
- Howard John A., 1969, The Theory of Buyer Behavior.
- 10.1037/h0026749 · DOI
- 10.1177/002224296803200404 · DOI
- 10.1177/002224376900600311 · DOI
- Scott William A., 1963, Motivation and Social Interaction-Cognitive Determinants., 266
- 10.1177/002224376800500311 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1964.tb01362.x · DOI
- 10.1037/h0026468 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/002224377000700313 · DOI
Cited by
Predicting e-services adoption: A perceived risk facets perspective
Featherman, M. S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2003) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/s1071-5819(03)00111-3 · Cited by 3,351
How artificial intelligence will change the future of marketing
Davenport, T., Guha, A., Grewal, D., & Bressgott, T. (2020) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-019-00696-0 · Cited by 2,875
Consumer Switching Costs: A Typology, Antecedents, and Consequences
Burnham, T. A., Frels, J. K., & Mahajan, V. (2003) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1177/0092070302250897 · Cited by 1,858
Consumer perceived risk: conceptualisations and models
Mitchell, V. (1999) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/03090569910249229 · Cited by 1,582
Bart, Y., Shankar, V., Sultan, F., & Urban, G. L. (2005) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.2005.69.4.133 · Cited by 1,482
Garbarino, E., & Strahilevitz, M. (2004) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/s0148-2963(02)00363-6 · Cited by 954
The impact of services versus goods on consumers’ assessment of perceived risk and variability
Murray, K. B., & Schlacter, J. L. (1990) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/bf02729762 · Cited by 811
Perceived risk: The concept and its measurement
Dowling, G. R. (1986) · Psychology & Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.4220030307 · Cited by 551
Mitra, K., Reiss, M. C., & Capella, L. M. (1999) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/08876049910273763 · Cited by 507
Homburg, C., Stierl, M., & Bornemann, T. (2013) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jm.12.0089 · Cited by 427
Riley, R. W., & Van Doren, C. S. (1992) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/0261-5177(92)90098-r · Cited by 361
eWOM source credibility, perceived risk and food product customer’s information adoption
Hussain, S., Ahmed, W., Jafar, R. M. S., Rabnawaz, A., & Jianzhou, Y. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.034 · Cited by 337
Online word of mouth and consumer purchase intentions
Prendergast, G., Ko, D., & Siu Yin, V. Y. (2010) · International Journal of Advertising · doi:10.2501/s0265048710201427 · Cited by 309
Biswas, D., & Biswas, A. (2004) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1002/dir.20010 · Cited by 294
Casidy, R., & Wymer, W. (2016) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.06.014 · Cited by 236
Trust-Assuring Arguments in B2C E-commerce: Impact of Content, Source, and Price on Trust
Kim, D., & Benbasat, I. (2009) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222260306 · Cited by 199
Al Kailani, M., & Kumar, R. (2011) · International Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.5539/ijbm.v6n5p76 · Cited by 135
Applying TAM to e-services adoption: the moderating role of perceived risk
Featherman, M., & Fuller, M. (2003) · 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the · doi:10.1109/hicss.2003.1174433 · Cited by 122
Indiani, N. L. P., & Fahik, G. A. (2020) · Business: Theory and Practice · doi:10.3846/btp.2020.11346 · Cited by 65
An Augmented Risk Information Seeking Model: Perceived Food Safety Risk Related to Food Recalls
Liao, C., Zhou, X., & Zhao, D. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15091800 · Cited by 31
Zeng, D., Xu, X., Zhu, T., Li, Y., & Li, Q. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1743722 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Bettman, J. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Marketing Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1973-05
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 184-190
- ISSN
- 0022-2437 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-7193
- OpenAlex
- W2035026282
- Cited by
- 739
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 23.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.