The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Determinants of Scale Response: Label versus Position
Abstract
Two determinants of scale response—the denotative meaning of the adjective labels used and the location of the labels in relation to scale endpoints—were investigated. On the basis of the procedures used, both label and location were found to have an impact on subject response. Estimation of a mixing parameter for the two factors permits comparison of their relative effects across different scales.
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“Since only the endpoints of the scale were labeled, the scale can be considered interval-equivalent (Wildt and Mazis, 1978).”
From Development and Validation of a Theory-Based Questionnaire to Measure Different Types of Cognitive Load (2023) · cites this paper as Wildt and Mazis, 1978
Citations
Cites
Three-Point Likert Scales Are Good Enough
Jacoby, J., & Matell, M. S. (1971) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150242 · Cited by 457
Rating Scales and Information Recovery. How Many Scales and Response Categories to Use?
Green, P. E., & Rao, V. R. (1970) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1177/002224297003400307 · Cited by 259
(2010) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmkr.47.2.i · Cited by 239
The psychophysics of semantics: an experimental investigation.
Jones, L. V., & Thurstone, L. L. (1955) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0042184 · Cited by 187
Marketing Research: Meaning, Measurement and Method
Stem, D. E., Dunn, R. A., Tull, D. S., et al. (1977) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150490 · Cited by 154
A Psychometric Study of Meaning
Mosier, C. I. (1941) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1941.9714065 · Cited by 87
Semantic Properties of Selected Evaluation Adjectives
Myers, J. H., & Warner, W. G. (1968) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224376800500408 · Cited by 70
A Study of Selected Opinion Measurement Techniques
Kassarjian, H. H., & Nakanishi, M. (1967) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224376700400205 · Cited by 30
How Many Scales and how many Categories shall we use in Consumer Research?—A Comment
Benson, P. H. (1971) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1177/002224297103500412 · Cited by 30
Information Processing Capacity and Attitude Measurement
Hulbert, J. M. (1975) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377501200116 · Cited by 27
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- BartramPeter, and YieldingDavid. “The Development of an Empirical Method of Selecting Phrases Used in Verbal Rating Scales: A Report on a Recent Experiment,” Journal of the Market Research Society, 15(July 1973), 151–6.
- BrownGordon, and CopelandTony, and MillwardMaurice. “Monadic Testing of New Products—An Old Problem and Some Partial Solutions,” Journal of the Market Research Society, 15(April 1973), 112–31.
- CliffNorman, “The Relation of Adverb-Adjective Combinations to Their Components,” unpublished doctoral dissertation, Princeton University, 1956.
- 10.1177/002224377100800414 · DOI
- VidaliJoseph J., “Context Effects on Scaled Evaluatory Adjective Meaning,” Journal of the Market Research Society, 17(January 1975), 215.
- WorcesterRobert M., and BurnsTimothy R., “A Statistical Examination of the Relative Precision of Verbal Scales,” Journal of the Market Research Society, 17(July 1975), 181–97.
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Schmidt, S. (2022) · T-labs series in telecommunication services · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-06011-3_3
Kattner, F., & Gast, A. (2022) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-022-01775-8
Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (2024) · doi:10.1093/med/9780192869487.003.0004
Between two minds: the influence of numerical labels on survey responses in a cross-national study
Bottoni, G., & Aizpurúa, E. (2025) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-025-02436-9
Die Einstellung gegenüber und das Image von einer Einkaufsstätte und ihren Abteilungen
Heemeyer, H. (1981) · Gabler Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-93788-9_6
Yu, C. W. (2014) · UUM Electronic Theses and Dissertation [eTheses] (Northern University of Malaysia)
Metadata
- Authors
- Wildt, A. R., & Mazis, M. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Federal Trade Commission (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Marketing Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1978-05
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 261-267
- ISSN
- 0022-2437 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-7193
- OpenAlex
- W2327727947
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Marketing Research (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Keywords
- denotative meaning, scale design, rating scales
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