Cited by 174Education Discipline and InequalityCrime Patterns and InterventionsCriminal Justice and Corrections Analysis

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Educational and Criminal Justice Outcomes 12 Years After School Suspension

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Rosenbaum, Janet·2020·Youth & Society

DOI 10.1177/0044118x17752208PMC PMC7288849

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Abstract

A third of U.S. students are suspended over a K-12 school career. Suspended youth have worse adult outcomes than nonsuspended students, but these outcomes could be due to selection bias: that is, suspended youth may have had worse outcomes even without suspension. This study compares the educational and criminal justice outcomes of 480 youth suspended for the first time with those of 1,193 matched nonsuspended youth from a nationally representative sample. Prior to suspension, the suspended and nonsuspended youth did not differ on 60 pre-suspension variables including students’ self-reported delinquency and risk behaviors, parents’ reports of socioeconomic status, and administrators’ reports of school disciplinary policies. Twelve years after suspension (ages 25-32), suspended youth were less likely than matched nonsuspended youth to have earned bachelor’s degrees or high school diplomas, and were more likely to have been arrested and on probation, suggesting that suspension rather than selection bias explains negative outcomes.

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Authors: Rosenbaum, J.
Affiliations: SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University (US)
Corresponding author: Rosenbaum, Janet
ORCID: Rosenbaum, Janet
Venue: Youth & Society
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2018-01-17
Volume: 52
Issue: 4
Pages: 515-547
ISSN: 0044-118X (ISSN-L)
1552-8499
DOI: 10.1177/0044118x17752208
PMC: PMC7288849
OpenAlex: W2782891860
Cited by: 174
References: 56
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3
FWCI: 68.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Youth & Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
SUNY Digital Repository Support (State University of New York System) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24HD041041, P01HD031921)
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Education Discipline and Inequality
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis
Keywords: school suspension, educational outcomes, criminal justice outcomes, selection bias, juvenile delinquency, arrests, probation, high school graduation, bachelor's degree attainment, student discipline, long-term outcomes

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Educational and Criminal Justice Outcomes 12 Years After School Suspension

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