Age, Depression, and Attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households
Abstract
It might seem that following people over time provides the best indication of how people change with age. Sample attrition can undermine that assumption. This study describes the impact of health, impairment, and depression on attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households. It analyzes the impact of that attrition on estimates of the age-specific changes in depression over a six-year period. In doing so, it illustrates methods for assessing and perhaps correcting the effects of attrition. Results show that the cross-sectional relationship of baseline depression to age differs sharply for those who later drop out compared with those who stay in. Much of the difference, but not all, vanishes with adjustment for health and impairment. The probability of dropping out increases with poor health, impairment, and depression at baseline. The impact of impairment and depression on attrition increases with age. Panel models that ignore the attrition imply that depression decreases in old age. Models that adjust for the hazard of attrition imply that depression rises by an amount that increases with age.
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Several studies have shown a negative relationship between age and psychological distress.
“Several studies have shown a negative relationship between age and psychological distress [21,22]”
From A longitudinal study of affective and anxiety disorders, depressive affect and diabetes distress in adults with type 2 diabetes (2008) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- MIROWSKY, J., & REYNOLDS, J. R.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Florida State University (US)
- ORCID
- REYNOLDS, JOHN R.
- Venue
- Sociological Methods & Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 476-504
- ISSN
- 0049-1241 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8294
- OpenAlex
- W2037278160
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 20.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sociological Methods & Research (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- sample attrition, depression, aging, National Survey of Families and Households, functional disability, panel data, age differences in depression, older adults
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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