Habituation of premonitory sensations during exposure and response prevention treatment in Tourette’s syndrome
Abstract
Exposure to premonitory sensations and response prevention of tics (ER) has been shown to be a promising new treatment for Tourette's syndrome (TS). The present study tested the hypothesis that habituation to unpleasant premonitory sensations associated with the tic is an underlying mechanism of change in ER. Patients rated the severity of sensations and urges at 15-minute intervals during ten 2-hour ER sessions. Multilevel models using multiple time trend analyses showed significant reductions of the sensory severity ratings both within and between sessions. The decrease of these severity ratings was related to the frequency of tics exhibited during sessions, regardless of tic severity at baseline. These results support the hypothesis that habituation may be at least part of the underlying working mechanism of exposure in the treatment of tics in TS and that effective tic suppression during sessions is an important factor in this habituation process.
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There is substantial evidence linking OCD and tic disorders diagnostically and in terms of shared treatment approaches.
“considering the established relationship between OCD and tic disorders, including the substantial evidence linking the two, both diagnostically and in terms of shared treatment approaches [39]”
From Habit as a therapeutic component in psychological treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomised controlled feasibility study. (2026) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Verdellen, C. W. J., Hoogduin, C. A. L., Kato, B. S., Keijsers, G. P. J., Cath, D. C., & Hoijtink, H. B.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- GGZ Buitenamstel Amsterdam/Vrije University Medical Center
- Utrecht University
- Corresponding author
- Verdellen, Cara W. J.
- Venue
- Behavior Modification
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 215-227
- ISSN
- 0145-4455 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4167
- OpenAlex
- W2158307287
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavior Modification (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Stuttering Research and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- Tourette syndrome, habituation, exposure and response prevention, tics, tic suppression, therapeutic mechanisms, tic frequency
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Tourette Syndrome, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sensation, Tics
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